Economics

a.    Completed Research Paper: with no header.b.    Paper Outline (Eight parts)1.    Introduction to paper (1 pp. – 300 words)2.    Description/Explanation of Austrian Political Economy (PE) (3-5 pp. – 1,000 – 1,500 words). Must reference five non-Wikipedia-esque sources.3.    Assessment of the book, The Rise and Decline of Nations from the perspective of Austrian Political Economy (1-2 pp: 300-600 words). Five parenthetical references to TRDofN required.4.    Assessment of the book, Seeing Like a State from the perspective of Austrian PE (1-2 pp: 300 – 600 words). Five parenthetical references to SLaS required.5.    Assessment of the book, “Why Nations Fail” from the perspective of Austrian PE (1-2 pp: 300-600 words). Five parenthetical references to WNF required.6.    How do the three books improve upon the perspective of Austrian PE? (1 pp: 300 words). Section must compare and contrast three books and the Austrian PE.7.    How does the perspective of Austrian PE improve upon the three books? (1 pp: 300 words). Section must compare and contrast three books and Austrian PE.8.    Conclusion (1-3 pp: 500 – 1,000 words). This section must include your argument in your own words. What is your final assessment of Austrian PE and the three books assigned.Below I have attached my book review for each book. I can also attach the actual 3 books for the parenthetical references to be used. 

Students will need to conduct research on a higher education topic of their choice and complete an annotated bibliography. The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to help you develop or continue contributing to a collection of references and resources to strengthen your contributions to higher education. An annotated bibliography is an organizing tool that combines the citations found in the References list at the end of documents in APA format with annotations about each of the sources. It is helpful to develop an annotated bibliography when working on a research project.  An effective annotated bibliography provides the researcher with quick access to an overview of information contained within each source. The annotated bibliography is a fairly rigid genre.Your citations must adhere to proper APA format.  (Note: In addition to consulting your APA manual, the Purdue Online Writing Lab offers helpful APA formatting information at: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html).  The annotations for each source should follow an academic style; meaning that you must construct, with elevated and sophisticated language, correct grammatical sentences that effectively summarize the content of each source.  Additionally, you should explain how each source is relevant to the issue that you have selected and what it adds to your knowledge about your issue.  You should write each annotation as if you are writing for your scholarly peers who may only have a casual familiarity with your topic or issue. In other words, your peers should be able to gain a comprehensive understanding of each scholarly source by reading your annotation.Specific guidelines to follow when completing this assignment are:Compile 10 sources of peer-reviewed journals or books (these sources should not include resources gathered from newspapers or magazines) focused on a narrowed issue or question of inquiry.Adhere to APA format for all citations.List sources in alphabetical order according to author’s last name.Create thoughtful and complete annotations of approximately 100-150 words each.Use proper grammar, punctuation, and spelling.

Describe how a tariff affects the market for a good the United States produces but is a net importer of (for example, steel).Draw a supply and demand graph (do not just copy and paste a graph, create your own) illustrating world trade and a tariff.Identify winners and losers from world trade and winners and losers from the tariff (be sure to include domestic consumers, domestic producers, foreign consumers, foreign producers, and government in your discussion).Evaluate two of the arguments for tariffs from the textbook.Adhere to the following standards:Include at least 3 scholarly references.

Research Report: Analysis of Issues in Global IndustrializationFormat for ReportFormat: Typed, double-space. 12-point font.  1” margins all around.Word Count: 1,000 words minimum. Type the word count at the end of your report, before the References.Organization1.IntroductionQuestions to Answer in the Analysis of Issues Report:-What are the factors that contribute to the development of industry?-What are barriers to manufacturing development?-Why are some regions more industrialized than others?-What has happened to American industry and why? What can be done about it?The plans to invest in industrialization in the United States (a core country) have been discussed (Ex.: President Biden’s campaign (Links to an external site.)). What are challenges for a de-industrializing country like this? What are the prospects for economic growth through industrialization for a BRIC country like Brazil and for suggestions for Africa and a MINT country such as Nigeria? You may focus only on Brazil and Nigeria or you may include other BRIC or MINT countries of your choice. What are the challenges for these countries to move from NIEs (Newly Industrializing Economies) and LDCs (Less Developed Countries) to become part of the core? What are the challenges for the United States?II.    Evaluation and AnalysisThe readings should be complemented with your own research which will allow you to answer the questions above. You should discuss the relevance of industrialization to economic growth. Evaluate its effect on economic growth and development. Discuss policies and programs that a country can pursue to achieve its goals. Include America’s economy in your discussion.  It is a core country that has undergone de-industrialization during the past 30 years. Now the new president promises to build a sustainable economy focused on green energy and other plans.III.  Summary & ConclusionSummarize your evaluation and analysis by listing the major points. Provide recommendations about the effect of industrialization and the future for the countries that you analyzed.Bibliography/References List. List the Readings and Videos if you used them in your report as well as any other sources of information that you found. Use MLA format for citing references. How to cite references: http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citmla.htm (Links to an external site.)Save your report as a .pdf file and submit it to this assignment page by the due date. This course uses the Turnintin feature in Canvas to determine the originality of your written assignments. Your Turnitin score must be no more than 30%.

Another important law in economics is the “law of marginal returns or the law of increasing costs”. Discuss in terms of your study in this course, how might you know that you are at a point of diminishing returns, or where more study will not benefit you like it did before? Can you identify any of the costs discussed in this lesson in your decision about how much study is enough?

Uber is a ride-sharing service started in 2009. If you are not familiar with Uber, you can learn more about the services it provides at Uber.com. Construct an eight-page analysis of Uber using the following criteria. Analyze the market before Uber’s entry. Describe the inefficiency Uber exploited. Explain Uber’s surge pricing in the context of shifts in supply and demand. Evaluate Uber’s surge pricing in the context of price discrimination. Apply the concepts of economies of scale and economies of scope to Uber’s business model. Apply the concepts of game theory to Uber’s market. Assess Uber’s potential for international expansion and potential trade policy issues. Explain the incentive pay model Uber uses and how it affects the principal-agent problem. Discuss any asymmetric information issues with Uber’s business model.

GDP’s components are consumption (C), business investment (I), government spending (Gs) and international trade (exports minus imports, X-M):GDP=C+I+Gs+(X-M).An increase in any of the four components of the GDP will raise the GDP, GDP per capita, and average living standards.As we learn in this course, there are always benefits and costs to be considered in any economic process.Class,Please discuss why economists highlight sustainable development in the context of economic growth?

MODULE TITLE IS TRADE THEORY& POLICY SO MUST BE FAMILIARECS3015 – Essay Choose one country X. Cannot be one of the examples in class: US, UK, China.Choose one topic Y: – Economic growth – Employment – Life satisfaction – Inequality – Cultural diversity — Corruption – Democracy – Your choice (to be submitted for approval)the prime minister of X is being pressurised by the World Bank to further integrate into the global economy by facilitating trade. The prime minister is hesitant and particularly concerned about the potential effect of trade on Y. She puts you in charge of writing a report on the topic.The report should contain the following sections:1. Highlights (100 words) It should give the 3 to 5 main takeaways of your essay, in bullet points.2. Description of the context (300 words) You should give a succinct description of the trade patterns of country X, its openness to trade, its trade balance and their recent evolution over the past 40 years, with respect to neighbours and similar countries. One graph for each should be included. Also comment on the composition of exports and imports (raw materials, agricultural products, manufacturing, high tech, tourism, financial services) and on trading partners (very diversified, mainly rich countries, mainly poor countries).3. Theoretical background (300 words) It should use models seen in class, but should not be limited to those. You may refer to other models in the literature (reference them) and to arguments that you carefully developed yourself. You do not need to be exhaustive, concentrate on just a few (2 or 3) mechanisms that seem the most relevant to you.4. Empirical exercise (400 words) It should present a short econometric analysis of the effect of trade on Y, using cross country and/or cross-time variation. It should mention which measures you use for both Trade and Y, as well as the set of countries and the timeframe you are examining, and why. It should also discuss the different possible interpretations of the relationship between trade and Y, in particular the possibility of a causality running from Y to trade, or from a third factor to both trade and Y. (I HAVE AN EXCEL DATA WHICH YOU NEED TO COMPLETE THIS PART)5. Policy recommendation (300 words) It should mention whether you recommend that country X pursues opening to trade or instead maintains or increase trade protection, in particular in the view of addressing the concerns of the prime minister concerning Y. It should also identify the possible winners and losers of your recommendations, and suggest measures to make them acceptable to the largest numberYou should make references to the material covered in class, as well as your own readings. It has to be well-researched, well-written and well-referenced (see www.citethemrightonline.com ). Academic references are of great importance, so essays that reference some appropriately will get a better mark

Please visit the US Bureau of Economic Analysis and review the latest balance of payments for the US economy using this link? After reviewing this national accounting record, please share your thoughts on the US trade trends.

For the term paper, you are required to pick a current economic topic that relates to the material we have covered or will cover in this course. You will research and find an article that covers the topic you have chosen. You can use an article online or offline from any reputable source. You will write up a review of the article and integrate course concepts into your review. Please make sure you both summarize the article and discuss how it relates to the course.