Criminology

Quantitative methods have been the traditional hallmarks of scientific inquiry.  From an early age, we are all aware of the mathematical rigors involved in quantitative analyses. In the discipline of criminal justice, researchers utilize a variety of statistical tools with which to analyze empirical data. The inferences and conclusions that are drawn from such quantitative techniques have provided for empirically-based public policy, increased professionalism in law enforcement, and the development of more effective rehabilitative tools within corrections. Were it not for quantitative methods, much of what we current know about the world of criminal justice would not exist. After reading the Worrall article and Chapter 8 of Creswell’s Research Design, identify and discuss the key tenets of quantitative research methods used in research in criminal justice: What do you see as the most critical aspects of quantitative research methods? How do these key tenets of quantitative research assist us when evaluating criminal justice data? How do these key tenets contribute to successfully interpreting published research findings? How would you apply these tenets to answer a criminal justice research question?

Communicating Qualitative Research Analysis In Chapter 9 of the text, Creswell (2014) discusses Qualitative Procedures. He suggests ten aspects that distinguish qualitative research writing. Considering the salient aspects of qualitative writing as depicted in Example 9.1 in your text; Identify three of the most salient aspects of the ten distinguishing characteristics of qualitative writing. Discuss why these aspects were selected. Describe how the selected aspects relate to the evaluation and interpretation of criminal justice data and research findings. Explain why researchers would consider qualitative methods an artistic expression of formalized methodology. The paper Must be three to five double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center  (Links to an external site.) . Must include a separate title page with the following: Title of paper Student’s name Course name and number Instructor’s name Date submitted Must use at least five peer-reviewed sources in addition to the course text. The Scholarly, Peer Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources  (Links to an external site.)  table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment. Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

The paper must include background, development of rationale and justifications, the student’s position on the topic, and incorporation of the Saint Leo Core Value of Integrity. The paper must be prepared in a manner acceptable for university-level work (i.e. neatly typed, 12-point font, and double-spaced). All sources utilized to support the topic must be properly cited. The paper should be between 2100-3000 words (excluding endnotes and cover page) and adhere to APA format.

Read page 343 Think, Discuss, Write. Respond to the prompt below. Provide a well-written, 4-5 page paper that adheres to APA Format. Discussion/ Writing Assignment: Imagine that you were the judge in these two cases. Write a memo describing the sentence that you would impose in each case and the punishment objectives that you would pursue with each case. To what extent do your sentences reflect a concern or prediction about the teenagers’ future lives after they complete their periods of confinement or probation? Page 343: In February 2014, a national controversy arose when Judge Jean Boyd, a state court judge in Texas, imposed a sentence of 10 years of probation on teenager Eric Couch, who as a 16-year-old, killed four people and seriously injured two others when driving while drunk. Couch pleaded guilty to charges of intoxication manslaughter. Prosecutors said Couch drove 70 miles per hour in a zone with a speed limit of 40. His blood alcohol level was three times the state limit of 0.08 when he lost control of his speeding truck and hit people changing a flat tire on the side of the road. One passenger in Couch’s truck suffered severe brain injuries and can longer move or talk.Boyd sentenced Couch to a long period of probation, and his family committed to paying for him to go to an in-patient facility for treatment and counseling. National news reporters focused on the case because a psychologist for the defense supported the case for a lenient sentence by saying that Couch suffered from “affluenza,” a short-hand term for someone who is so wealthy and spoiled that he does not connect his actions with the likelihood of bad consequences. The victims’ families were outraged at the sentence, which was, in their view, too light. They believed that he should be incarcerated for the loss of life caused by his irresponsible actions.By contrast, two years earlier Judge Boyd had imposed a 10-year sentence on a 14-year-old boy who killed another youth with one punch. The death occurred when the victim fell and hit his head on the pavement. In that case, the defen-dant could be paroled after five years or be sent to an adult prison at age 19 to serve the final five years. Critics expressed concern that Boyd had imposed a more severe sentence on the 14-year-old, an African American youth who killed one person, than she did on a wealthy white teen who killed four people and seriously injured others.Does this provide evidence of racial discrimination? Some observers noted that Boyd had sought to emphasize rehabilitation for both boys, but no treatment program would accept the boy who threw the punch. Thus, he ended up in juvenile prison. By contrast, Couch’s parents were so wealthy that they could afford to send him to a treatment facility in California that cost $450,000 per year per patient. In addi-tion, Couch’s bad behavior continued; later, he violated his probation conditions by drinking alcohol, and fled to Mexico with his mother. He was eventually caught and returned to the United States in January 2016.Wealth discrimination? Racial discrimination? Excessive leniency? Excessive emphasis on rehabilitation without proper concern for other objectives of punishment? These cases raise challenging questions about a judge’s responsibilities in sentencing.

Explain how policing (i.e. applied models, legal foundations, operational philosophies, application of resources and authority, administration/regulatory policies, external factors, etc.) affects, if it does, crime in the United States and comparative systematic effects observed in other countries such as Russia, China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, or Canada.  As you develop your discussion consider how the difference in law systems affects policing and crime in the United States and other major nations. Please be specific and delve deep into key areas affecting the comparative processes/systems you required to analyze in this paper As you address the question that follow, you need to incorporate, as part of your support, at least 10 scholarly references

In 3-4 paragraphs, using your critical thinking skills, summarize the following: What is a community? How can communities “police” themselves in regard to their neighborhoods and the crimes that occur? Cite sources in APA format.

Reasearch and discuss in 2-3 paragraphs the difference between petitioned and non-petitioned handling of cases. Cite sources.

This Portfolio Project is scenario-based. In this scenario, you have been hired as a research consultant by a police department to develop a research proposal.  The research proposal is to study the impact of the police department’s officers wearing body cameras. The police officers have not started to use the body cameras yet; they are waiting on your research proposal, and they are willing to implement the use of the body cameras as a part of the research design. The police chief explains to you that the reason that the police department has decided to have their police officers wear body cameras is due to use of force complaints by citizens. You will need to complete the following sections of the research proposal: An introduction providing some preliminary information on the brief history of this issue and some relevant current events (two pages). Develop a research question. A literature review on five current (last five years) research studies on the topic to include the research methods used and the findings of the research (five pages). A methods section in which you identify and support the research design, identify and support one quantitative method that will be used, identify and support one qualitative method that will be used, identify which type of mixed method design, and describe how the triangulation of these two methods will help to better answer the research question. Identify any potential ethical issues. You will really need to show how the research methods that you propose are best suited to answer the research question you created.

In a 2 page paper, analyze in detail why Intelligence-led policing along with Compstat would be more effective at crime prevention than traditional crime control methods in communicating the problems of drug use and sales in a specific neighborhood. The analysis paper should include the following: Title page (not included in the page count) Section Headings Compare traditional crime prevention methods (reactive and not sharing information) to contemporary methods of information sharing, use of Compstat, and rigorously follow up for crime detection. Discuss how these two methods differ. List which method you believe would be most effective at reducing the criminal activity Reference page in APA format (not included in the page count)

There are many different theories regarding the reasons that people become addicted to drugs and engage in substance abuse. Different theories may emphasize the biological, social, or psychological aspects of substance abuse. You are asked to compare two different theories of drug dependence. Some examples of these theories are the disease model, physical dependence model, and positive reinforcement model. You may also research other theories that address the question of why certain people become addicted to licit or illicit drugs. Choose two of the theories of addiction and write a report that covers the following information: A brief explanation of each theory An evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of each theory An identification of specific drug-addiction treatment approaches that are compatible with each theory Use the Internet and Library databases in your research.