[SOLVED] Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
A specific textbook is needed to answer the questions Name and describe the four common errors in everyday reasoning. Give examples for two of them. What are the differences between quantitative and qualitative methods? What are mixed methods and what are advantages to using them? What is the difference between validity and generalizability? Describe both aspects of generalizability. A) What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable? B) Describe the difference between a research question and a research hypothesis. Provide an example of either A or B. Describe the three basic goals of research reports. Identify major steps in the review of research reports. Describe a research project that helped to motivate the establishment of human subjects protections that we have discussed in-class/in the textbook. What were some of the controversies surrounding its methods and results. Define the three ethical standards for the protection of human subjects. What does it mean to have informed consent? What challenges may a researcher face with this issue? What are the two exceptions to the constraints on maintaining privacy and confidentiality of research participants? Define and distinguish conceptualization and operationalization. Give an example of each. Define/describe the three levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, & interval/ratio). Give examples for each. Is it possible to measure a variable using more than one level of measurement? How? Define and explain the major types of probability sampling. Define non-probability sampling and describe the major types of it. Define the three criteria for establishing a causal relationship. Describe the five basic sources of internal invalidity. There are two important guidelines for when a researcher wishes to ask closed-ended questions. What are they? Why are they important? Provide an example question and answers that demonstrate both guidelines. Describe the features of qualitative research that most distinguish it from quantitative research. Define the methods of ethnography. Explain how secondary data analysis is different from the methods we have already examined throughout the semester. What are its strengths and limitations? Describe the steps necessary when performing a content analysis. Define and explain each of the types of evaluation research. Explain the appeal of the mixed methods approach. Briefly describe the features that distinguish the four major types of mixed methods. What is a meta-analysis and how is it performed? What are the benefits and weaknesses of using it?
