Factorial Experiment

his Research Activity has 2 Parts: Part A: Dissecting Factorials For each of the experimental designs described below, do the following: a) Identify the IVs and the levels of each; Identify the DV b) Designate the design by number of IVs and their levels and identify the number of conditions c) Identify any IV(s) manipulated WITHIN subjects (as a REPEATED MEASURE). d) Identify any PARTICIPANT variable/s (PV(s)). e) Identify the type of factorial as an independent-groups, repeated-measures, split-plot, or IV X PV factorial. f) Calculate the number of participant required in order to have 20 per condition.   Design 1: Drunk Driving In a driving simulation study, researchers studied night-driving reactions as a function of alcohol consumption and road conditions. Participants drank “cocktails” containing either no alcohol, 3 ounces of alcohol, or 6 ounces of alcohol. After 30 minutes, they began the driving simulation test. Each participant simulated a drive on a straight road, a road with gentle curves, or a road with many sharp curves. Driving speed and the number of accidents were measured.   Design 2: Treating Phobics An investigator was interested in the effects of various treatments on reduction of fear in phobic participants. He suspected that type of phobia may interact with therapeutic treatments; specifically, that the types of treatments for agoraphobics (fear of open spaces) and claustrophobics (fear of closed spaces) might be different. He divided participants into two groups based upon type of fear and then assigned members of each group to one of three treatment groups: desensitization, insight, or implosive therapies. After one year of treatment, participants’ anxiety in the feared situation was measured.   Design 3:  Distracting Kids A researcher is interested in the extent to which visual distraction affects younger and older people’s reaction time to auditory cues. To do this, you obtained a group of younger adults and a separate group of older adults and had them listen for and react to computer-generated tones presented at random intervals. Participants responded over three trials: a first with eyes closed, then with eyes open looking at a blank field, and finally with eyes open looking at a distracting field of pictures). Reaction time to depress the key following a tone was measured.       Part B: Effects of Factorials  For each of the outcomes described below, do the following: a) Graph the results.                               b) Determine if there is a main effect for A? If so, describe it. c) Determine if there is a main effect for B?  If so, describe it. d) Determine if there is an A x B interaction? If so, describe it.