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Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models
Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models Directions : Use this form to complete the Week 5 Nursing Care Models Assignment: Nursing Care Models Worksheet (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models Read your text, Finkelman (2016), pp- 111-116. You are required to complete the assignment using the template. Observe staff in delivery of nursing care provided. Practice settings may vary depending on availability. Identify the model of nursing care that you observed. Be specific about what you observed, who was doing what, when, how and what led you to identify the particular model Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models Review and summarize one scholarly resource (not your textbook) related to the nursing care model you observed in the practice setting. Review and summarize one scholarly resource (not including your text) related to a nursing care model that is different from the one you observed in the practice setting. Discuss a different nursing care model from step #3, and how it could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. Be specific. Summarize this experience/assignment and what you learned about the two nursing care models. Submit your completed worksheet no later than 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday by the end of Week 5. *****PLEASE USE THE TEMPLATE LINK ABOVE, LET ME KNOW IF IT DOESNT WORK****** GRADING RUBRIC: Criteria Ratings Pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Nursing Care Model in Practice Identify Nursing Care Model in practice including specifics about who, what when, where, etc. 60.0 pts Thoroughly identifies Nursing Care Model in practice including all the specifics about who, what when, where, etc. 53.0 pts Mostly identifies Nursing Care Model in practice including most of the specifics about who, what when, where, etc. 48.0 pts Somewhat identifies Nursing Care Model in practice including some specifics about who, what when, where, etc. 24.0 pts Minimally identifies Nursing Care Model in practice, but describes only one or two specifics. 0.0 pts Fails to identify a Nursing Care Model. Does not include any specifics. 60.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Scholarly Sources Related to Observed Nursing Care Model. (In addition to Finkelman, locates one scholarly resource related to Nursing Care Models Observed. Summarizes resource in template. 20.0 pts Thoroughly reviews and summarizes one scholarly resource (not the course textbook) related to the observed nursing care model from the practice setting.Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models 18.0 pts Generally reviews and summarizes one scholarly resource (not the course textbook) related to the observed nursing care model you from the practice setting. 16.0 pts Fair review of only one resource (not the course textbook) related to the observed nursing care model from the practice setting. 8.0 pts Minimal review only one resource (not the course textbook) related to the observed nursing care model from the practice setting. 0.0 pts Fails to provide any resources related to the observed nursing care model. 20.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Scholarly Sources Related to Different Nursing Care Model. (In addition to Finkelman, locates one scholarly resource related to Nursing Care Models Observed. Summarizes resource in template. 20.0 pts Thoroughly reviews and summarizes one scholarly resource (not the course textbook) related to the different nursing care model from the observed model. 18.0 pts Generally reviews and summarizes one scholarly resource (not the course textbook) related to the different nursing care model you from the observed model. 16.0 pts Fair review of only one resource (not the course textbook) related to the different nursing care model from the observed model. 8.0 pts Minimal review only one resource (not the course textbook) related to the different nursing care model from the observed model. 0.0 pts Fails to provide any resources related to the different nursing care model from the observed nursing care model. 20.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Discuss a different nursing care model and describes how it could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. Be specific 60.0 pts Discusses a different nursing care model and thoroughly describes how it could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. 53.0 pts Discusses a different nursing care model and mostly describes how it could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. 48.0 pts Discusses a different nursing care model and fairly describes how it could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. 24.0 pts Discusses a different model that could be utilized but, various elements are missing related to improving quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction 0.0 pts Does not discuss a different model that could be utilized 60.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Summary of this assignment and what you learned about the two nursing care models discussed. 20.0 pts Thoroughly summarizes what you learned including new knowledge about nursing care models. 18.0 pts Mostly summarizes what you learned including new knowledge about nursing care models. Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models 16.0 pts Fairly summarizes what you learned OR includes new knowledge about nursing care models but not both. 8.0 pts Minimal summation is present 0.0 pts Does not Include a summary 20.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Clarity of writing (Content is organized, logical, and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. 10.0 pts Content is organized, logical, and grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. Correct worksheet used. 9.0 pts Content is mostly organized, logical, and grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. Correct worksheet used. 8.0 pts Content is somewhat organized, logical and grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. Correct worksheet used. 4.0 pts Content is somewhat organized, but may lack logic. Several errors occur in grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure. Correct worksheet used. 0.0 pts Content is disorganized and writing has numerous grammar, spelling, or syntax errors. Correct worksheet not used. 10.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome References are properly cited and referenced within the worksheet. 10.0 pts Excellent APA formatting is apparent in both references and citations, Few errors are noted. 9.0 pts Good APA formatting is apparent in both references and citations. Some errors are noted. 8.0 pts Fair use of APA formatting is present in both references and/or citations. Several errors are noted. Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models 4.0 pts Multiple APA formatting errors exist in references and citations. References are not present for all cited sources. Many errors are noted. 0.0 pts APA formatting was not used. OR multiple references and citations are missing. 10.0 pts Total Points: 200.0 FINKLEMAN PAGES 111-116 Assumption 1: The role of nurse leaders in future patient care delivery systems will con- tinue to require a systems approach with all disciplines involved in the process and out- come models. Assumption 2: Accountable Care Organizations will emerge and expand as key defining and differentiating healthcare reform provisions that will impact differing care delivery venues. Assumption 3: Patient safety, experience improvement and quality outcomes will remain a public, payer and regulatory focus driving work flow process and care delivery system changes as demanded by the increasingly informed public. Assumption 4: Healthcare leaders will have knowledge of funding sources and will be able to strategically and operationally deploy those funds to achieve desired outcomes of improved quality, efficiency, and transparency. Assumption 5: The joint education of nurses, physicians, and other health professionals will become the norm in academia and practice promoting shared knowledge that enables safer patient care and enhancing the opportunity for pass-through dollars to apply to APRN residencies and/or related clinical education (2010, pp. 13). The five NAM core competencies are interrelated with these assumptions. Also, all of these ele- ments have been discussed in earlier chapters or will be discussed in later chapters, as they are critical aspects of leadership and management. Intertwined within these critical elements is the recognition of the importance of leadership, autonomy, responsibility, delegation, and accountability. Autonomy, which focuses on an individuals ability to make decisions, requires accountability. Autonomy, which focuses on an individuals ability to make decisions, requires compe- tence and skills that focus on the nursepatient relationship. It also means that there needs to be an organized assessment method to determine patient care needs and reassigning staff. Nurses also have the right to consult with others as professionals when they provide or manage care. Autonomy, control, and decision making are related, and state Nurse Practice Acts reflect on nurse autonomy. Nurses who feel that they have autonomy know that they have the right to make decisions in their daily practice and also actively participate in developing organiza- tional policy and change. Staff autonomy, however, does not work in organizations in which leaders are authoritarian and when centralized decision making and control are key character- istics of the organization. Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models + This situation will quickly lead to conflict. In addition, the work environment must be conducive to collaboration with physicians and all relevant staff, as is discussed in Chapter 13. A nursing practice model that does not address responsibility will not be effective. Along with this is the need to clearly recognize the importance of delegation. Delegation is discussed in more detail in Chapter 15. Accountability is a term that is typically found in job descriptions and descriptions of organizational structure. It is related to answer- ability and to responsibilityjudgment and action on the part of the nurse for which the nurse is answerable to self and others for those judgments and actions (Fowler, 2015, p. 44). Responsibility refers to the specific accountability or liability associated with the perfor- mance of duties of a particular nursing role and may, at times, be shared in the sense that a por- tion of responsibility may be seen as belonging to another who was involved in the situation (Fowler, 2015, p. 44). Nurses need to know that when they provide patient care, their work has relevanceit must reach outcomes. Accountability, autonomy, and responsibility need to be considered when nursing practice models are assessed. Nursing models of care are developed to support or enhance professional practice, and by considering these elements and characteristics, the models will be more effec- tive. Within an HCO, how do nurses provide nursing care? What is a model of care? Are these elements found in the model? Models might also be called nursing or patient care delivery sys- tems. These models have undergone major changes over the past several decades. Nursing prac- tice models have been used to implement resource-intensive strategies with the goal of decreasing expenses and using staff more effectively. Nursing models help to identify and describe nursing care. The NAM emphasis on the five core competencies could also be used for a model, and as newer models are discussed later, it is easy to see how these five competencies are the key ele- ments of healthcare delivery. Page 112Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models The following is a description of common models, some of which have undergone many changes over the years or are not used anymore, but they have had an impact on newer models. tOtaL Patient care/case methOd In this model, which is the oldest, the registered nurse is responsible for all of the care provided to a patient for a shift. A major disadvantage of this model is the lack of consistency and coordinated care when care is provided in eight-hour seg- ments. This type of care is rarely provided today, except among student nurses who are assigned to provide all of the care for a patient during the hours that they are in clinical. Even in this case, the students frequently do not provide all of the care as they may not be qualified to do this, and a staff nurse maintains overall responsibility for the care. Home health agencies use a form of this model when nurses are assigned patients and provide all the required home care; however, even this has been adapted as teams provide more home care. An RN may coordinate the care and provide professional nursing services, but a home care aide may provide most of the direct care, and other providers such as a physical therapist, dietician, and social worker may be required for specialty care. FunctiOnaL nursing The model of functional nursing is a task-oriented approach, focusing on jobs to be done. When it was more commonly used, it was thought to be more efficient. The nurse in charge assigned the tasks (e.g., one nurse may administer medications for all or some of the patients on a unit; an aide may take vital signs for all patients). A disadvantage of this model is the risk of fragmented care. In addition, this type of model also leads to greater staff dissatis- faction with staff feeling they are just grinding out tasks. When different staff members provide care without awareness of other needs and the care provided by others, individualized care may also be compromised. This model is not used much now. It can be found in some long-term care facilities and in some behavioral/psychiatric inpatient services, although in a modified form. In the latter situation, a registered nurse may be assigned the task of medication administration for the unit, and psychiatric support staff may be assigned such tasks as vital signs and safety checks of all patients. In this situation, RNs would still be assigned to individual patients to coordinate their care. team nursing This model was developed after World War II during a severe nursing short- age and other major changes in medical technology occurred. It replaced functional nursing. A nursing team consists of a registered nurse, licensed practical/vocational nurses, and UAP. This team of two or three staff provides total care for a group of patients during an 8- or 12-hour shift. The RN team leader coordinates this care. In this model the RN has a high level of autonomy and assumes the centralized decision-making authority. Although the past approach to team nursing was thought to use decentralized decision making with decisions made closer to the patient, there actually was limited team member collaboration. In addition, these teams tended to communicate only among themselves and not as well with physicians and other healthcare providers. The team concept or model also focused on tasks rather than patient care as a whole. More current versions of the team model are different from this earlier type. Currently the team model has been changed to meet shifts in organizations and leadership corresponding to the needs for better consistency and continuity of care as well as collaboration and coordination and patient-centered care. PrimarY nursing In the late 1970s, care became more complex, and nurses were dissatisfied with team nursing. In the primary nursing model, the primary nurse, who must be an RN, pro- vides direct care for the patient and the family; an associate nurse provides care following the care plan developed by the primary nurse when the primary nurse is not working and assists when the primary nurse is working. The primary nurse needs to be knowledgeable about assigned patients and must maintain a high level of clinical autonomy. When primary nursing was first used, it was easier to substitute RNs for other healthcare providers as cost was not as much of a focus as it is today. Over time the nursing shortage changed and salaries increased. Implementing primary nursing then became more difficult, and healthcare cost moved to the top of the concerns. Primary nursing is often viewed as a model in which the primary nurse has to do everything, limiting col- laborative or team efforts, although it does not have to be implemented in this way. Second-generation primary nursing clarified some of the issues about this practice model. One of the critical problems with primary nursing was whether or not it required an all-RN staff, Page 113 which was thought to increase staDiscussion: Identify Nursing Care Modelsff costs. The second-generation view of primary nursing noted that the mix of staff was more important than having an all-RN staff. Another concern with pri- mary nursing was a need to develop a clear definition of 24-hour accountability, which was inter- preted by some as 24-hour availability. This, of course, is not a reasonable approach, and it really does not apply to primary nursing. When the primary nurse is not working, the associate nurse provides the care. Primary nursing is a responsibility relationship between the nurse and the patient. The primary nurse is not the only caregiver but does have responsibility for planning nursing care and ensuring that care outcomes are met. Only registered nurses can be primary nurses. This role and the model require RNs who are competent and possess leadership skills. Primary nursing is not used as much today. care and service team mOdeLs In the 1980s care and service team models began to replace primary nursing. These models are implemented differently in different hospitals, as is true of most of the models. Key elements of these models are empowered staff, interprofessional collaboration, skilled workers, and a case management approach to patient careall elements related to the more current views of leadership and management (IOM, 2011). Care and service teams introduced the different categories of assistive personnel (e.g., multiskilled workers, nurse extenders, and UAP). There has been some disagreement as to whether these new staff member roles were complementary or involve the substitution of professional nursing care. cOmPLementarY mOdeLs Complementary models began in 1988 by using nurse extenders, such as a unit assistant, who would be responsible for environmental functions. The nurse would then have more time for direct patient care. Does this reduce costs? When nurse positions are changed to nurse extender positions, there is some cost reduction, but this change can impact all nursing staff. Complementary models are not used as much today and have been replaced by substitution models in HCOs. Substitution models tend to use multiskilled technicians to per- form select nursing activities, and the RNs supervise these activities. Another approach is cross-training. This involves training staff to work in different spe- cialty areas or to perform different tasks. For example, a respiratory therapist may be trained not only to perform typical respiratory therapist tasks but also phlebotomy and basic nursing care. This offers much more flexibility in that staff can fulfill many different needs. They can then be used, as staffing adjustments are needed for changes in patient census or acuity. It is critical that this cross-training meet patient needs so staff will be able to deliver quality, safe care and not feel undue stress while delivering the care. It is also important that state practice act requirements are met, and this is not always easy to accomplish. It requires HCO education staff to provide sup- port, ongoing educational training, and documentation of competencies, as well as management staff that understand which staff members are qualified to move from area to area. Hospitals and other HCOs have tried to find the best methods for using substitution without compromising quality and safety and yet control costs. As demands change, different models will be required, and nursing leadership to develop these models will be critical. case management mOdeL As with earlier team models, the RN must spend time coordi- nating care and the work. The focus of the team is on patient-centered care as opposed to the nursepatient relationship. The case management model is based on the assumption that patients with complex health problems, catastrophic health situations, and high-cost medical conditions need assistance in using the healthcare system effectively, and a case manager can help patients with these needs (Finkelman, 2011). Case managers may also work with the teams to achieve outcomes, which increases shared accountability. Case management can be viewed as a nursing model when the case manager is a nurse; however, in some HCOs nurses are not used as case managers but rather other healthcare professionals such as social workers serve as case managers. Several healthcare professional organizations and experts have defined case management; how- ever, there clearly is no universally accepted definition for case management. Case management is used in many different types of settings, and the setting also affects the definition. Examples of Newer Nursing Models interPrOFessiOnaL Practice mOdeL The interprofessional practice model is emphasized in the IOM reports on quality improvement by identifying the importance of all health profes- sions meeting the interdisciplinary or interprofessional competency and emphasizing the need to Page 114 Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models work in interprofessional teams to cooperate, collaborate, communicate, and integrate care in teams to ensure that care is continuous and reliable (2003, p. 4). These teams include providers from different healthcare professions and occupations designed to meet the required patient needs. With increasing complex patient care needs, this model is better able to address needs and to effectively use a mix of expertise and knowledge to reach patient outcomes. Patient-centered care is the focus. sYnergY mOdeL FOr Patient careTM This model of care was developed by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, but it has been applied in all types of nursing units. The model recognizes the need to match the nurses competence with the patients characteristics, needs, and the clinical unit (American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2014). Patient characteristics incorporated into this model are as follows (American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2014): Resiliency: the capacity to return to a restorative level of functioning using compensatory/ coping mechanisms; the ability to bounce back quickly after an insult Vulnerability: susceptibility to actual or potential stressors that may adversely affect patient outcomes Stability: the ability to maintain a steady-state equilibrium Complexity: the intricate entanglement of two or more systems (e.g., body, family, therapies) Resource availability: extent of resources (e.g., technical, fiscal, personal, psychological, and social) the patient/family/community brings to the situation Participation in care: extent to which patient/family engages in aspects of care Participation in decision making: extent to which patient/family engages in decision making Predictability: a characteristic that allows one to expect a certain course of events or course of illness The Synergy model ties the above patient characteristics with the following nurse competen- cies (American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2014): Clinical judgment: clinical reasoning, which includes clinical decision making, critical think- ing, and a global grasp of the situation, coupled with nursing skills acquired through a process of integrating formal and informal experiential knowledge and evidence-based guidelines. Advocacy and moral agency: working on anothers behalf and representing the concerns of the patient/family and nursing staff; serving as a moral agent in identifying and helping to resolve ethical and clinical concerns within and outside the clinical setting. Caring practices: nursing activities that create a compassionate, supportive, and therapepeu- tic environment for patients and staff, with the aim of promoting comfort and healing and preventing unnecessary suffering. Includes, but is not limited to, vigilance, engagement, and responsiveness of caregivers, including family and healthcare personnel. Collaboration: working with others (e.g., patients, families, healthcare providers) in a way that promotes/encourages each persons contributions toward achieving optimal/realistic patient/ family goals. Involves intra- and interprofessional work with colleagues and community. Systems thinking: body of knowledge and tools that allow the nurse to manage whatever environmental and system resources exist for the patient/family and staff, within or across healthcare and nonhealthcare systems. Response to diversity: the sensitivity to recognize, appreciate, and incorporate differences into the provision of care. Differences may include, but are not limited to, cultural differences, spiritual beliefs, gender, race, ethnicity, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, age, and values. Facilitation of learning: the ability to facilitate learning for patients/families, nursing staff, other members of the healthcare team, and community. Includes both formal and informal facilitation of learning. Clinical inquiry (innovator/evaluator): the ongoing process of questioning and evaluating practice and providing informed practice. Creating practice changes through research use and experiential learning. Patient navigatiOn Patient navigation is a model that has primarily focused on patients with cancer who are at risk for poor cancer outcomes though other types of patient populations have also benefited from patient navigation (Wells et al., 2008). Clinical nurse leaders often hold the position of nurse navigator. Patient navigation focuses on decreasing barriers to better ensure that patients get the care they need when they need it (Finkelman, 2011). This model is Page 115 an intervention designed to reduce health disparities by addressing specific barriers to obtain- ing timely, quality healthcare (Wells et al., 2008, p. 2010). the aca and neW mOdeLs The Future of Nursing (Institute of Medicine, 2011) includes con- tent about transformational models of nursing across different care settings. The report notes there are some common themes from the examples reviewed. In order to meet the challenges of the future, we must embrace technology, foster partnerships, encourage collaboration across disciplines and settings, ensure continuity of care and promote nurse-lead/nurse managed health care (p. 402). The ANA has also commented on the ACA and its potential impact on nursing models of care. The ANA notes, as do other sources such as the NAM, that the healthcare system is dysfunctional and fragmented. A major goal of the ACA is to rebalance the healthcare systems resources by identify- ing several models of care, focusing on primary care, that might help to reach this goal (2010): Accountable Care Organization (ACO): Provides a collaborative model for primary care providers and specialists who work together to achieve quality care and control costs. ACOs that are successful receive financial incentives. ACOs are part of the Medicare Pro- gram. Providers may include MDs, APRNs, CNSs, and PAs. Medical/Health Homes: The focus in this model is on primary care providers coordinating patient care. Financial incentives as well as interprofessional teams may also be part of this model. Nurse-Managed Health Clinic (NMHC): This is a clinic that is managed by nurses that pro- vides comprehensive primary care and wellness services and must be associated with a uni- versity/college/department of nursing, a federally qualified health center, or an independent nonprofit health or social services agency. This type of clinic is led by APRNs. Shared Governance and Empowerment Shared governance is an approach to management that engages staff at all levels in the decision- making process. This does not mean that there are inactive or ineffective leaders and managers, but rather they meet their management responsibilities by ensuring that staff are active in the processes, which increases each nurses influence over the organization, empowering staff. Shared governance can be viewed as a management philosophy, a professional practice model, and an accountability model that focuses on staff involvement in decision making, particu- larly in decisions that affect their practice. In doing this, the model provides staff with autonomy and control over implementation of their practicelegitimizing control over their own practice. Nurses in these organizations usually feel less powerless and are more efficient and accountable. A critical factor in shared governance is that accountability and responsibility are found in the same person. Accountability should rest in the person who is most likely to be the most effec- tive person to complete the function. For individual staff to be accountable and responsible for a function or task, staff must also have the authority to make sure that the right decisions are made. Transformational leadership enhances shared governance. As was discussed in Chapter 1, an important element of leadership is self-awareness, and it is essential in shared governance. In this type of organizational arrangement, staff members feel committed to the HCO and view themselves Page 116 Discussion: Identify Nursing Care Models as partners in meeting the goals of the HCO. In shared governance nurse managers typically are not directly involved in daily direct patient care, although there are some managers who are still involved in direct care. The typical responsibilities of the nurse manager are staffing, program evaluation, personnel evaluation, coordination, allocation of resources, financial activities, and planning, as discussed in Chapter 1. If patient care outcomes are not met, it is the responsibility of the nurse providing the care to address this issue. The nurse manager may become involved, but it is the direct care provider who should take the lead. In other words, clinical practice is the respon- sibility of the practitioners. When clinical problems occur, the nurse who provides direct care must be the one to solve these problems, working with the care team. The main factor in shared gover- nance is that decision making is spread over a larger number of staff and is decentralized. Nurses are accountable for not only their management activities but also their practice. Healthcare organi- zations that use shared governance must have clear communication processes, or the organization will encounter problems and confusion in the decision-making process. The key components of shared governance are practice, quality, education, and peer process/governance. How are these accomplished? As with any such change, some organizations actually change and others merely appear to change to this model, but in the latter situation, very little has really changed in the decision-making process or in actual practice. Shared governance is associated with collaboration, horizontal relationships, and investment, and these need to be demonstrated in the organization. The change has to be real, and typically when it is, staff are more satisfied. Organizations that use this model require some type of structure that relates to the shared accountability, such as councils, cabinets, committees, or a combination of these groups or teams that make the decisions. The chain of command is not the same as in traditional organizations. In the shared governance model, these groups make many of the decisions about policies, procedures, and other aspects of getting the work done. How might shared governance be implemented? Healthcare organizations have been working for several years to create leaner and more effective organizations. It is important to recognize that t
POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS , QUIZZES , FINAL PAPER
POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS , QUIZZES , FINAL PAPER POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS , QUIZZES , FINAL PAPER POST PSY 341 Unit 1 DB 1.1 & DB 1.2 Permalink: https://nursingpaperessays.com/ post-psy341-full zzes-final-paper / ? DB 1.1 Why is research important for the fields of Psychology and Sociology? When responding to ALL discussion boards, please follow all instructions found in the Discussion Board Rubric DB 1.2 Describe the scientific method and explain how it is applied in the Social Sciences. Please use the link below to guide your answer, and give specific examples of the 6 different sections. POST PSY 341 Unit 2 DB 2.1 & DB 2.2 DB 2.1 An article contains a few sections. Please define each, discuss what purpose they serve, and provide examples of what each may contain. Make sure to include the components of an articles literature review section and why we need them in studies. Please use the Unit 2 Presentation and the following links to guide your response: DB 2.2 Imagine the following scenario: You are trying to figure out who stole the snickers bar from your office, and you notice a snickers bar in Jims office, down the hall. You conclude that Jim stole your snickers bar. Is this an example of inductive or deductive reasoning, or both? Why? Please use your lecture and this youtube video to help when thinking about your answer ORDER POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS POST PSY 341 Unit 3 DB 3.1 & DB 3.2 DB 3.1 What are the differences between exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory studies? Also, what are the differences between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies? Which type of study would you be most interested in running (for example, an explanatory, longitudinal study)? Why? DB 3.2 What is sampling, and why do we do it? Also, what is random assignment, and why do we use it? Please use the readings from the text to help guide your answer. POST PSY 341 Unit 4 DB 4.1 & DB 4.2 DB 4.1 What are reliability and validity, and why is it important to consider them when designing a study? When defining reliability and validity, please discuss inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, internal validity, and external validity. Also, Please provide a real-life example of when it is important to have strong inter-rater reliability (in your chosen field, or in other testing experiences that you have had). DB 4.2 Create a 6-question survey on a topic of your choice. Please have the first 3 items as examples of good questions (e.g., open-ended for a qualitative study) and the last 3 examples of poorly chosen questions (e.g., double-barreled or biased questions). Please identify at least 5 concepts from your text to explain why the good questions are good and why the poorly worded questions are bad. POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS POST PSY 341 Unit 5 DB 5.1 & DB 5.2 DB 5.1 Quantitative studies can be designed in many ways. Please explain the differences between and among the following: a) experimental, quasi-experimental, and pre-experimental studies (be sure to discuss the concept and usage of a control group) b) between-subjects and within-subjects studies c) non and single and double blind studies After you differentiate between the above concepts, please upload the pdf of a study and explain how it might be different if one or more of the above were changed. DB 5.2 Anethnographyis a detailed, qualitative study that emphasizes describing a concept with precision and accuracy, as opposed to explaining what causes it. What are the advantages and disadvantages to running this type of study, as opposed to a quantitative experiment? Also, what is theethnographic fallacy, and why should scientists be wary of it? POST PSY 341 Unit 6 DB 6.1 & DB 6.2 DB 6.1 What are the measures of central tendency and measures of variability? Why do we use them? What are the differences between the two? DB 6.2 Please explain the following statistical tests, as well as when they are used: Correlation, Independent T-test, One Way ANOVA. Please provide an example of how you would write up the results for each test in an APA style report. Please keep it in paragraph format, and dont include any output or tables. Use the following links to help guide your answer POST PSY 341 Unit 7 DB 7.1 & DB 7.2 DB 7.1 Take a look at the qualitative data below. In this qualitative study, participants were asked to state what they would think if they were told they had fatal disease. What are some themes you notice from the data? Into what categories could you sort the data? There are an infinite amount of correct answers be creative! DB 7.2 Find a peer-reviewed, qualitative study, and discuss the types of data they provide, as well as how they analyzed them. Did you pick up anything from the data that they didnt? What did the experimenters do well and what could they have done better? Dont forget to upload the pdf of the study in case others are interested in learning more about it! POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS POST PSY 341 Unit 8 DB 8.1 & DB 8.2 DB 8.1 In a discussion section, there is a focus on the overall conclusion of the study, limitations of the study, and future directions for the area being studied. Please explain these three sections and discuss why they are important. Please use your lecture and the following article to help DB 8.2 Think about all of the studies you have examined so far. What role does culture play in social science research? Please reflect on and discuss how cross-cultural issues, such as race, ethnicity, gender, age, religion, and other cultures play a role. Please be specific as to the cultures discussed and provide examples. POST PSY 341 UNIT 1 ASSIGNMENT PART 1 Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. For Part I: See the Non-Research Paper SafeAssignment Rubric (found in the Course Information Section) for details. You will need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. Please email your Instructor if you are unable to locate it. For Part II: Please submit the pdf of the article you located (see below) POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS POST PSY 341 UNIT 2 ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. In this unit, you will create a hypothesis the topic below. Please see the Research Rubric for specific details required for your submission: Topic: The effect of heat on aggression As a class, we will build upon the topic throughout the Mod. For example, this unit (Unit 2) you will create a hypothesis, IV, and DV based on the above topic. Your grade and feedback will be based on how well you do so. When we discuss sampling in Unit 3, you will be provided with a new, related hypothesis, IV, and DV, and will be asked to create a sample based upon them. Thus, we will explore and have you identify a new component for each unit until we have every component necessary for a research paper. Please see the Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubric for specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. POST PSY 341 UNIT 3 ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. In this unit, you will create a sample using the following information. Please see the Research Rubric for specific details required for your submission: Topic: The effect of heat on aggression Hypothesis: Heat will increase aggression Independent Variable: Heat Dependent Variable: Aggression References: Anderson, C. (1989). Temperature and aggression: ubiquitous effects of heat on occurrence of human violence. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 74-96. Anderson, A.A., & Bushman, B.J. (2002). Human Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. Bushman BJ. 1995. Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 95060. Please see the Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubricfor specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. POST PSY 341 UNIT 4 ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. In this unit, you will create two operationalizations using the following information. Please see the Research Rubric for specific details required for your submission: Topic: The effect of heat on aggression Hypothesis: Heat will increase aggression Independent Variable: Heat Dependent Variable: Aggression References: Anderson, C. (1989). Temperature and aggression: ubiquitous effects of heat on occurrence of human violence. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 74-96. Anderson, A.A., & Bushman, B.J. (2002). Human Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. Bushman BJ. 1995. Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 95060. Sample: 60 adults (30 male, 30 female; ages 20 40, mean = 30; 60% Caucasian, 20% African American, 10% Hispanic, 5% Asian, 5% Other) gathered from various states on the east coast. Please see the Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubricfor specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. POST PSY 341 UNIT 5 ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. In this unit, you will create a design and procedure using the following information. Please see the Research Rubric for specific details required for your submission: Topic: The effect of heat on aggression Hypothesis: Heat will increase aggression Independent Variable: Heat Dependent Variable: Aggression References: Anderson, C. (1989). Temperature and aggression: ubiquitous effects of heat on occurrence of human violence. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 74-96. Anderson, A.A., & Bushman, B.J. (2002). Human Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. Bushman BJ. 1995. Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 95060. Sample: 60 adults (30 male, 30 female; ages 20 40, mean = 30; 60% Caucasian, 20% African American, 10% Hispanic, 5% Asian, 5% Other) gathered from various states on the east coast. Operationalized IV: Temperature Operationalized DV: Number of punches Please see the Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubric for specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. POST PSY 341 UNIT 6 ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. In this unit, you will determine your statistical analyses (and rationale for its use) using the following information. Please see the Research Rubric for specific details required for your submission: Topic: The effect of heat on aggression Hypothesis: Heat will increase aggression Independent Variable: Heat Dependent Variable: Aggression References: Anderson, C. (1989). Temperature and aggression: ubiquitous effects of heat on occurrence of human violence. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 74-96. Anderson, A.A., & Bushman, B.J. (2002). Human Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. Bushman BJ. 1995. Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 95060. Sample: 60 adults (30 male, 30 female; ages 20 40, mean = 30; 60% Caucasian, 20% African American, 10% Hispanic, 5% Asian, 5% Other) gathered from various states on the east coast. Operationalized IV: Temperature Operationalized DV: Number of punches Procedure:Participants met separately with the experimenter a quiet room during the summer. They sat at a desk in a cushioned chair with the room at one of two temperatures: hot (about 90 degrees) or cold (about 65 degrees), depending on their condition. In the center of the room was a blow-up doll that would bounce back to the normal condition when punched. The Informed Consent Form was signed first, which indicated that the current study was about aggression. Next, participants were asked to punch the doll as much as they would like for 30 seconds. The number of punches was recorded by the experimenter. After the 30 seconds, participants were thanked and debriefed. ORDER CUSTOMIZED SOLUTION PAPERS Design: a) experimental, b) between-subjects, c) single blind PLEASE ALSO REFER TO DATA WHICH CAN BE FOUND IN THE SEPARATE EXCEL FILE: ResearchData.xslx. Please see the Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubric for specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS UNIT 7 ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. This units work is NOT a part of your mini-research paper. Please see the Non-Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubric for specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. In the following imaginary study (data link below), participants who had trouble dieting were put into three conditions: 1) Scared Straight they are yelled at and shown overweight people to scare them into dieting, 2) Motivational Interviewing they are asked to think about how life would be better if they dieted and how life would be worse if they did not, and 3) No intervention. After the intervention (or no intervention) took place, participants were asked to report how much they ate the following week. The goal of the study is to see which intervention will reduce eating the most. Weight was also measured to see if there was any relationship between the weight of the participants and their performance in the week from the intervention. Please produce the statistical analysis for a t-test (Compare the Scared Straight and No Intervention Groups), ANOVA (Compare the Scared Straight, Motivational Interviewing, and No Intervention Groups, and correlation (see if there is a relationship between weight and any of the 3 conditions: weak, moderate, or strong, and positive or negative and what that means) using the given data. Please report all of the results (both the output and your interpretation) and include all other previously already established components). POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS UNIT 8 FINAL RESEARCH PAPER ASSIGNMENT Assignments submitted through this link will be checked using SafeAssign by Blackboard. Your work will not be used for any purpose other than preventing plagiarism in the University. Ownership of the intellectual property contained in your written work will not be transferred to any third party. Please submit your paper as a Word Document. If you have the 2010 version of Word, please save your paper in a previous version (Word 97-2003 document) as Safe Assign may not accept the most recent version. Please see the Research Paper SafeAssignments Rubric for specifics. You need to follow the Rubric in order to receive a passing grade. POST PSY 341 UNIT 8 FINAL EXAM Question 1 2 out of 2 points Correct Which of the following is NOT one of the six steps of the Scientific Method? Communicate Findings to Others Design/Run a Study Review the Literature Question 2 0 out of 2 points Where in an article does the Literature Review usually appear? Middle End Question 3 2 out of 2 points The topics of the study, if complex, are usually defined within the Introduction section of an article. True False Question 4 2 out of 2 points Which study design would be the most appropriate? You dont know anything about women, so you observe them and take notes on them to learn more. Explanatory Descriptive Question 5 0 out of 2 points Which study design would be the most appropriate? You know that there is a new treatment in a prison that seems to work. You believes it causes prisoners to think differently, so you run a study that measures thoughts. You compare a control group that receives no treatment with one that receives the new prison treatment. Explanatory Descriptive Question 6 2 out of 2 points Which study design would be the most appropriate? You observe two different prisons, one that has air-conditioning and one that doesnt, to see which has more rioting. Cross-Sectional Cross-Sectional Longitudinal Question 7 2 out of 2 points Which study design would be the most appropriate? You follow around the same prisoner for a year, measuring the changes in his aggression during each season of the year. Cross-Sectional Longitudinal POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Question 8 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT a typical section included in a research study article: Method Discussion Correct Theory Results Introduction Question 9 2 out of 2 points Your hypothesis is largely based on the findings of previous literature regarding your topic. True False Question 10 0 out of 2 points What is the Independent Variable of this studys hypothesis? Adolescents with single-parents are more likely to have low self-esteem. Being an adolescent Having single-parents Having low self-esteem Question 11 2 out of 2 points What is the Independent Variable of this studys hypothesis? A persons anger will be increased when he or she takes revenge. The person The anger The revenge Question 12 2 out of 2 points What is the Dependent Variable of this studys hypothesis? Financial strain is the leading cause of bank robbery in Michigan. Bank Robbery Financial Strain Bank Robbery The Bank Robbers Michigan Question 13 2 out of 2 points Which is true? The Independent Variable influences the Dependent Variable The Independent Variable influences the Dependent Variable The Dependent Variable influences the Independent Variable The Independent Variable and Dependent Variable equally affect each other POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Question 14 2 out of 2 points Is the following an example of Inductive or Deductive Reasoning? You think: If all seagulls have wings, and all seagulls fly, then all animals with wings must fly. Inductive Reasoning Inductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning Question 15 2 out of 2 points Is the following an example of Inductive or Deductive Reasoning? You think: Jack is taller than Jill, and Jill is taller than George. Therefore, Jack is taller than George. Deductive Reasoning Inductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning Question 16 0 out of 2 points Is the following an example of Inductive or Deductive Reasoning? You know from previous studies that if someone punches a pillow to get rid of their anger, they will become more angry next time. You run a study based on this knowledge and have many people feel very angry later on from punching a pillow. Inductive Reasoning Inductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning Question 17 0 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT one of the top advantages of using self-report measures when compared to other types? More Cost-effective Quicker More Valid Can administer more than one at a time Question 18 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT true of a peer-reviewed article? It is always considered scholarly It always has been edited many times It is always reviewed by experts in the field It is always reviewed by friends of the author Question 19 2 out of 2 points Which APA-style citation is correct? One study found men to be overly aggressive. (Smith, pg. 3, 2000) One study found men to be overly aggressive (Smith, p. 3). One study found men to be overly aggressive.(Smith, 2000, pg. 3) Question 20 2 out of 2 points Which APA-style citation is correct? One study, Smith (pg. 3), found men to be overly aggressive. (2000) One study, Smith (p.3), found men to be overly aggressive. One study, Smith (2000), found men to be overly aggressive. (pg. 3) POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Question 21 2 out of 2 points Which APA-style reference is correct? Smith, J. K. (2000). Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 15-16. J.K. Smith, p. 15-16, Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 2000. Smith, J. K. (2000). Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 15-16. Smith, J. K. (2000). Angry birds. Journal of Psychology, 28 (4), 15-16. Question 22 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT another word for reliability? Dependability Stability Question 23 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT another word for validity? Accuracy Authenticity Truthfulness Loyalty Question 24 2 out of 2 points Which type of reliability is this? A test that is given today will receive the same score if given tomorrow. Test-retest Internal Consistency Inter-rater Parallel forms Question 25 0 out of 2 points Which type of validity is this? An experimenter that wants to measure depression makes sure her test indicates depressive behaviors and not something else. Criterion Construct Question 26 2 out of 2 points A weighing scale that is always 10 pounds off reflects: High validity; Low reliability High validity; High reliability Low validity; Low reliability Question 27 2 out of 2 points Critical thinking question: Which of the following is a reason an experimenter might design a test with low face validity? If she wants the participant to know what she is testing If she does not want the participant to know what she is testing If she wants the test to have similar scores when taken at different times If she wants the test to be reliable POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Question 28 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT typically a component of a method section? Results Participants Design Procedure Materials Question 29 2 out of 2 points The results section gives the data found in a study, as well as the interpretations and implications of that data. True False Question 30 2 out of 2 points A large sample size will be more accurate than a small sample size. True False Question 31 0 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT an example of probability sampling? Simple Random Systematic Stratified Correct Convenience Question 32 2 out of 2 points Typically, quantitative study design has a firmer agenda and requires more preparation beforehand than qualitative study design. True False Question 33 2 out of 2 points Quantitative study design is more likely to be exploratory than qualitative. True False Question 34 2 out of 2 points Quantitative study design follows a more structured order than qualitative. True False Question 35 2 out of 2 points Correct While there is a feminist paradigm that focuses on viewing society from a female perspective, there can really be paradigms for any culture, including religion, ethnicity, and political affiliation. True False Question 36 Critical thinking question: Which design is a cross-sectional study more likely to have? Question 37 2 out of 2 points Since most studies done in America use American participants, the findings of those studies might not apply to other countries. True False Question 38 0 out of 2 points Randomly assigning participants to two groups balances out the groups, making them as similar as possible. True False Question 39 2 out of 2 points Which study design would be the most appropriate for the following scenario: You are measuring the difference in how well you play hockey from the beginning to end. Within-subjects Between-subjects Question 40 2 out of 2 points Correct Which study design would be the most appropriate for the following scenario: You are measuring the difference in how well the home hockey team plays compared to the visiting team. Within-subjects Between-subjects Question 41 2 out of 2 points Which study design is the most likely to be used for this scenario: You are creating a study that examines the effects of being a victim of trauma on adult anxiety. Classic (True) Experimental Quasi-Experimental Pre-experimental Question 42 2 out of 2 points Which study design is the most likely to be used for this scenario: You are creating a study where you are measuring the effects of music on anger. You randomly assign people into two different groups: Music and no music and have them think of angry thoughts while listening to music or no music. Classic (True) Experimental Quasi-Experimental Pre-experimental Question 43 2 out of 2 points Would you use a mean or median with the following dataset: 1,3,3,5,6,18? Mean Median Question 44 2 out of 2 points What is the mode of the following dataset: 1,3,3,5,6,18? 3 5 6 18 Question 45 2 out of 2 points The p-value has to be less than what number for the findings of a statistical test to be significant? .05 .01 .05 .1 .5 Question 46 2 out of 2 points What is your z-score if you scored a 20 on an exam with a mean of 20 and a standard deviation of 10? 0 1 10 20 Question 47 2 out of 2 points How many groups are compared in an ANOVA? 3 or more 1 2 3 or more Question 48 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT something a t-test and a correlation have in common? They can compare 2 groups You can find out relationships between different groups You can tell whether or not there is significance using a p-value You can see if the Independent Variable influences the Dependent Variable POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Question 49 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is NOT a component of a research studys Discussion section? Compares the studys findings to the findings of previous research Discusses the limitation of a study Demonstrates how the study was run Provides suggestions for future research studies Question 50 0 out of 2 points Which is NOT an example of a safeguard used to prevent/reduce potential harm to participants? Informing the participant about the details of the study before participating Debriefing the participant after participating Confirming that the participant is participating as a volunteer Ensuring the participant that all of the data is confidential POST PSY 341 UNIT 1 QUIZ ETHICS Question 1 33 out of 33 points Milgrims study might be considered unethical because it puts the participants under emotional duress. Question 2 33 out of 33 points Milgrims study might be considered unethical because it causes physical harm to participants by shocking them. The participants themselves were not shocked. They were asked to shock actors who they were told were also participants. The actors were only pretending to be shocked. Question 3 0 out of 34 points Another reason Milgrims study might be considered unethical is that it involves deception without debriefing the participants at the end. Which of the following principles does that involve the most? POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Unit 2 Quiz Hypothesis, IVs, and DVs Question 1 0 out of 33 points Which of the following is a hypothesis from the study? There is a statistically significant lower depression levels onthe older adults in the music group than those in a non-music group. The findings contribute to knowledge about the effectivenessof music used as an intervention to relieve depression forolder adults. Recent studies have shown that giving participants a choice of music lowered anxiety, promoted relaxation and led to effective treatment (Hsu & Lai 2004, Lee et al. 2005, Chang et al. 2008, Chan et al. 2009). 1 There is a statistically significant lower depression levels onthe older adults in the music group than those in a non-music group. (see page 777). Question 2 0 out of 33 points Please take a look at the following article: Chan et al Effects of music on depression in older people.pdf Which of the following is the Independent Variable? Music Depression Older People All of the Above Question 3 34 out of 34 points Which of the following is the Dependent Variable of this study? Response Feedback: Use the following format: The effect of ___(the IV)___ on ___(the DV)___. The IV is the influencer. The DV is the outcome. The IV controls the DV. The DV is dependent upon the IV POST PSY 341 Unit 3 Quiz Sample Question 1 33 out of 33 points How many participants were there in the study? 40 20 40 50 The number of participants was omitted from the article by the authors. The subjects were 40 males between the ages of 20 and 50, drawn from New Haven and the surrounding communities. (see page 372). Question 2 33 out of 33 points What was the gender of the participants in the study? Men Women Men Women and Men The genders of the participants were omitted by the author. The subjects were 40 males between the ages of 20 and 50, drawn from New Haven and the surrounding communities. (see page 372) Question 3 34 out of 34 points Correct What was the ethnicity of the participants in the study? The ethnicity of the participants was omitted by the author. 100% Caucasian 100% African American 50% White 50% Black The ethnicity of the participants was omitted by the author. No information listed on p. 372 or elsewhere in the article. ORDER CUSTOMIZED SOLUTION PAPERS POST PSY341 FULL COURSE All DISCUSSIONS , ASSIGNMENTS Unit 4 Quiz Operationalizations Question 1 0 out of 17 points The Independent Variable of the above article is playing violent video games. How is that operationalized? Having all participants sign an informed consent form. Playing a
California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion
California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL NURSING PAPERS can you do this paper for me I do not know if you can open up the links, so I will open them for you. to give you a look at what you got to do. Please let me know if you can get into the Ashford Library . Also let me know if you need a link open that I did not open and send to you. This paper got to be 6 to 8 paper I subject that you put one for title 6 for body and 1 for reference. Week 2 Assignment Grant Proposal Topic, Specific Aims and BibliographyFor this assignment, you will select a topic for your grant proposal (i.e., Final Project due in Week Six). Then you will write the Specific Aims section and create a preliminary bibliography. You will conduct a search in the Ashford University Library and/or on PubMedCentral (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. to locate at least 10 scholarly peer-reviewed articles that are relevant and that support your funding request. Create your preliminary annotated bibliography and ensure that your resources are relevant and supportive of the Specific Aims as well as the Background and Significance sections of your grant proposal (the Background and Significance sections will be written in Week Three). See a sample annotated bibliography (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. from the Ashford Writing Center for assistance. Compose the Specific Aims section following the Grant Proposal Guidelines (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. See the Sample Grant Proposal Template (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. as an example and use it as a template for your Grant Proposal. The assignment should be one page, excluding the bibliography. Sample Annotated BibliographySome of your courses at Ashford University will require you to write an annotated bibliography.An annotated bibliography is a working list of referencesbooks, journal articles, online documents, etc.that you will use for an essay, research paper, or project.Although there are no strict formatting guidelines for the annotated bibliography itself, each reference should be cited in APA format.After each citation, provide a summary of the source, indicating how it will inform your essay, research paper, or project.Many pertinent ideas and supporting details come from analyzing and summarizing your sources. California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion. An annotated bibliography helps you get a head start on your assignment, and it encourages you to focus your topic as you assess each source, choosing the key ideas and sources that are most valuable for your assignment.Also, you can keep track of your sources as well as the correct formatting for each reference.Note: Many of the references listed here are older sources.Please be aware that some Ashford classes may require that students use sources that were published within the last five years.Provided below is a sample annotated bibliography.Annotated BibliographyAslanian, C. B. (2001). Adult students today. New York, NY: The College Board.Exceptional resource for statistics on adult learners and their motivation for returning to school.The author presents a study spanning 20 years that illustrates extensive demographics including average age, income, travel distance, cost, ethnicity, gender, religion, and field of study.Brookfield, S. (n.d.). Adult learning: An overview. Retrieved from http://www.nl.edu/ace/Resources/Documents/AdultLea Excellent and thorough article covering four major research areas: self-directed learning, critical reflection, experiential learning, and learning to learn.The author refutes current definitions of adult learning and motivation and proposes instead that culture, ethnicity, and personality have greater significance than are espoused in current descriptions of adult learners.This article is interesting to consider because it diametrically opposes the existing and widely accepted views on the subject.Donaldson, J. F., Graham, S. W., Martindill, W., & Bradley, S. (2000). Adult undergraduate students: How do they define their experiences and their success? Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 48(2), 211. Retrieved from the ERIC database.A small study confirming current thinking that adults return to school for primarily external reasons, e.g., a major life event or career advancement.The research further illustrates that actual success in learning comes from an internal locus of control that includes life experience, maturity, motivation, and self-monitoring.Marienau, C. (1999). Self-assessment at work: Outcome of adult learners reflections on practice. Adult Education Quarterly, 49(3), 135. Retrieved from the ProQuest Central database.A qualitative study of adults in graduate programs and their use of self-assessment and experiential learning from the perspectives of performance at work and personal development.This article is enlightening, for it explores the benefits to the adult learner of self-assessment and introspection.The concept of purposefulness and the need for the adult learner to connect learning with concrete experience are discussed. Merriam, S. B., & Caffarella, R. S. (2001). Adult learning theories, principles and applications. San Francisco, CA: Wiley.This is a textbook used for the training of instructors of adult students.The text contains several excellent and pertinent chapters devoted to the self-determination of the adult student and the need for programs to be designed that allow adults to use their problemsolving skills.Moore, B. L. (1999). Adult student learners. Retrieved from http://www.sa.psu.edu/sara/pulse/adults_65shtmlThis website contains a survey of adult learners perceptions of their educational experience at Penn State.The study contains a large survey sample and generally confirms the findings of other studies at major universities.The important information gleaned is that the emphasis on adult learner programs at traditional universities is a much higher priority due to the increasing population of adult students.Sheldon, K. M., & Houser, M. L. (2001). General motivation for college measure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 152165. Retrieved from the OVID database. California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion. This source is a psychosocial instrument designed to measure adult students general motivation for attending college.This instrument is appropriate to my research topic because it profiles adult students and rates motivation in terms of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors.It supports the findings in my other sources and adds another component: the pursuit of happinessGrant Proposal Guidelines Final Project Instructions:This assignment involves preparing a grant proposal requesting support for a 12-month research project. The total amount of support you may request is $60,000 (including direct and indirect costs).You will choose a specific topic in neuroscience or neuropsychology and develop a grant proposal based on a review of the literature and identification of a research hypothesis. The grant proposal must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length (not including title page, references list, and appendix), 12point font, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. You must use at least 15 peer-reviewed sources in addition to the text.The components of your proposal are outlined below. View the Sample Grant Proposal to see an example of a completed proposal in APA format. Use the Grant Proposal Template to create your grant proposal. NOTE: All titles should be centered and all content should be formatted as in the Grant Proposal Template and the Sample Grant Proposal, not as outlined below in this guidelines document.Title Page (1 page): Title of your grant proposal Your full name Course name and number Instructors name Date submitted Specific Aims: (1 page) Clearly and concisely state the goals of your grant proposal. Summarize the expected outcome(s), including the impact that the results of the proposed research will exert on the research field(s) involved. List the specific objectives of your grant proposal (e.g., to test a stated hypothesis, create a novel design, solve a specific problem, challenge an existing paradigm or clinical practice, address a critical barrier to progress in the field, or develop new technology). Background: (6 8 pages for Background, Significance, Proposed Study, and Budget Justification sections) The goal of this section is to provide a well-developed literature review that provides the basis for the research problem and illustrates to the reader that you are knowledgeable about the scope of the theory. California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion. Research as many studies pertaining to the theory as possible, and summarize them in a succinct manner. In most respects, this section is precisely what you do when you write the introduction section to a research paper. Your background section should clearly state the rationale for the topic you have chosen. It includes the literature review you conducted to identify an area of neuroscience or neuropsychology that has not yet been studied. At the end of this section, you should clearly specify your research hypotheses. Significance: Explain the importance of the problem or critical barriers to progress in the field that the proposed project addresses. Explain how the proposed project will improve scientific knowledge, technical capability, and/or clinical practice in one or more broad fields. Describe how the concepts, methods, technologies, treatments, services, or preventative interventions that drive this field will be changed if the proposed aims are achieved.PSY625: Biological Bases of BehaviorAshford University Grant Proposal Guidelines Proposed Study: This section will very much resemble a typical methods section like the one you would write in an empirical paper (except that the data have not yet been collected). You should describe the study that you are proposing to conduct to test your hypothesis. This section should include the following subsections: Participants: include a description of the population that will be used for the study.Point out any procedures, situations, or materials that may be hazardous to personnel and precautions to be exercised. Procedures:include a description of how the study will be conducted including any instruments that will be used and how the data will be collected. Hypotheses and Analysis: state hypotheses of the proposed study and general outline of how data will be collected and used to accomplish the specific aims of the project.Budget Justification: Provide a brief summary justifying your budget and the needs for the items listed in Appendix A: Budget. The actual numbers will be listed in Appendix A.The budget for this proposal is limited to $60,000.References: Cite a minimum of 15 peer-reviewed articles from the Ashford University Library or PubMed Central (PMC). All sources must be current (published within the 10 years unless its a seminal work) and relevant to your topic. Format all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.Appendix A: Budget: (see Grant Proposal Template, Appendix A) A typical grant proposal has a very detailed budget. For our purposes here, you should include an appendix with a completed budget. Your figures are just an estimate so feel free to make up the budget numbers and figures. Use the template called Summary Proposal Budget in the Grant Proposal Template, Appendix A to create your budget.There is also an optional Budget Calculation Spreadsheet to help you calculate your figures. The goal of this exercise is for you to spend time thinking about the costs of conducting research. Here are some examples of expenses you could include: Direct Costs: Personnel:o Graduate research assistant salary 20-hours per week for 12 months is roughly $25,000 (this covers salary, tuition, and fringe benefits). o Principal Investigator Salary make-up your annual salary and divide it by 12, then multiple this number by the number of months of salary you wish to pay yourself (this can range from 1-12 months; and from 10% to 100% effort). Equipment: o List major purchases (greater than $5000) that will be necessary to complete your project (e.g., computers, video equipment, physiological measures, expensive software, etc.) and costs. Travelo Conference Travel o Other (e.g., travel for research assistant if needed for study) Participant Support o Costs for subject participation (e.g., reimbursement for time, travel, etc.) Other o Computers or other equipment less than $5000 o Miscellaneous Expenses (e.g., postage, phone bills, photocopying, etc.) PSY625: Biological Bases of BehaviorAshford University Grant Proposal Guidelines Indirect Costs: Multiply the total direct costs budget by 0.375. This amount (37.5%) represents the indirect costs of your grant application. This money goes to the university toward operating costs, overhead, etc. California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion. Total Costs:Sum up your direct and indirect costs (must not exceed $60,000). Sample of grant proposal[Type over the sample text in this document to create your Grant Proposal. Delete these instructions before submitting your proposal.]Effects of Internet Based Training on Cognition in Older AdultsStudent A. SmithPSY625: Biological Bases of BehaviorInstructor B. Jones, PhD.September 19, 2014 Effects of Internet Based Training on Cognition in Older AdultsSpecific AimsThe idea that maintaining high levels of cognitive activity protects the brain from neurodegeneration is not new, and much evidence has accumulated that people with high levels of cognitive ability and activity tend to maintain cognitive function well as they age (Hertzog et al. 2009). Beyond the idea of maintaining cognitive function in healthy aging, studies such as Verghese et al. (2003) found that higher levels of cognitive activity were associated with lower rates of dementia in a 21- year longitudinal study. While much of the data indicating higher levels of cognitive activity leads to better long-term function is necessarily correlational, a number of studies have begun to systematically assess the effect of cognitive interventions on cognitive function. The largest of these, the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE; Jobe et al. 2001) has found long lasting effects (5 years; Willis et al. 2006) of relatively short cognitive training activities (10 hours).The specific aim of this proposal is to assess the effectiveness of A Fictitious Brain Training Program on research participants followed longitudinally who may be experiencing the very earliest signs of cognitive decline. Recent research tracking the trajectory of age related cognitive decline (e.g., Mungas et al. 2010) has suggested that it may be possible to identify cognitively healthy individuals at risk for significant imminent cognitive decline by examining baseline cognitive assessments or recent change, even though test scores do not reach the abnormal range.BackgroundTechniques for maintaining and enhancing cognitive function in an increasingly aging population are of great potential benefit to those who might suffer from Alzheimers disease and related disorders and also to society as a whole. Higher cognitive function leads to better maintenance of activities of daily life, less need for chronic care, and direct improvements in quality of life. Research examining effective methods for cognitive enhancement is becoming increasingly prevalent and has led to a number of recent review studies, e.g., Hertzog et al. (2009), Lustig et al. (2009), Green & Bavalier (2008). These studies review evidence from both longitudinal studies of increased levels of mental activity on maintenance of cognitive function and intervention studies aimed at directly improving cognition with targeted cognitive training. For these cognitive interventions to provide widespread benefit, it is critical to identify who will gain from cognitive intervention studies and to assess methods of administering effective cognitive training.In a large scale cognitive intervention study (ACTIVE), Ball et al. (2002) found that training increased cognitive function with as little as 10 hours of task-specific training and these gains were still evident 5 years later (Willis et al. 2006). However, none of the three types of training used in that study were found to generalize to the other types of cognitive function. Participants were trained on either verbal episodic memory, reasoning (pattern identification), or speed-of-processing (visual search skills). Gains were observed in the domain of training, but not on the other two domains. As noted by Salthouse (2006), this result is inconsistent with the strongest form of the use it or lose it hypothesis. However, it does hold promise for cognitive training interventions that train broadly across a wide variety of domains. The hypotheses implied by the use it or lose it hypothesis is that cognitive training is protective broadly against the cognitive decline associated with aging. The more commonly observed specific areas of training improvement suggest an analogy to physical fitness training: the brain should not be thought of as a single muscle to be strengthened but as a collection of individual abilities that could each be improved through exercise. In addition, the analogy could be extended to the idea that cognitive training exercise should be thought of as an activity to be engaged in on a regular basis, not as a single intervention.The cognitive training that will be used in the proposed project is based on an internet delivered set of activities designed by the company BrainExercise. The training is based on practice across a wide range of cognitive abilities, and by being highly available via the internet, is also available for regular follow-up re-training to maintain benefits. With this type of intervention, even if a cognitive intervention training does not provide a global benefit and delay decline across all types of cognition, training can be used across many areas to increase overall function. The ability to deliver cognitive training via the internet becomes important logistically since the benefit of training may depend on regular access to a broad array of cognitive activities. In the successful ACTIVE study, training was administered in face-to-face sessions requiring significant personnel and logistical support.The issue of identifying tasks suitable for cognitive training with memory-impaired patients is an important one. In a follow-up reanalysis of the ACTIVE study data, Unverzagt et al. (2007) found that patients scoring >1.5 standard deviations low on memory tests did not benefit from the verbal episodic memory training in ACTIVE. In addition to seeing cognitive training as a method for delaying or reducing the onset of memory disorders such as MCI or AD (as in Verghese et al. 2003), suitable interventions to try to rehabilitate memory function or train compensatory strategies may provide an important benefit to MCI and AD patients.Numerous studies have suggested that elderly who are currently cognitively within the normal range, but on the lower end of the range are at risk for subsequent cognitive decline, including the development of Alzheimers Disease (Rubin et al, 1998; Sliwinski, Lipton, Buschke, & Stewart, 1996).Older participants who score within normal cognitive ranges but who exhibit personal cognitive decline within that normal range are also at higher risk for the later development of Alzheimers Disease (Villemagne et al, 2008; Collie et al, 2001). California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion. The most at-risk group of currently healthy elderly may be those who have shown some cognitive decline and are now at the bottom of the healthy range. Since this proposal is to investigate at the effectiveness of cognitive training in patients at risk for Alzheimers Disease, the ideal comparison groups are healthy older adults who are at increased risk relative to their age group (cognitively normal, but lower scoring) and those who are cognitively normal and exhibiting no current evidence of memory impairment. SignificanceThe proposed research will use an online-based software company to administer a structured intervention of cognitive skill training to patients experiencing some memory decline. Prior intervention studies have typically provided cognitive training in individual or small-group environments with the patients physically present with a trainer. If interventions based on training via the internet are shown to have similar benefits, many more people can gain these benefits since the labor involved in administering this type of training is much lower. In addition, improvements in the type of training administered can be made centrally and more quickly positively impact many more patients. For the pilot intervention study proposed here, we will be working with the Brain Science division at A Fictitious Company. The Fictitious program is a home-based, computerized, cognitive training program in which a customized training plan is developed for each participant based on an initial baseline cognitive assessment and ongoing training progress. The training plan is based on 21 different tasks that each focus on one or two of 14 different specific cognitive abilities. To collaborate on examining the effectiveness of their training plan, they are making available licenses for all study participants to access the training program without cost. In addition, all performance data on all compliance, cognitive assessments and performance on training components will be available for collaborative analysis to assess efficacy of specific training elements in our study population.The ability to deliver cognitive training via the internet holds tremendous promise for making training benefits available widely. California State University Northridge Psychological Development Discussion. Concerns about the task-specificity of benefits and the need for consistent training to maintain cognitive function can be met by making training easily available at home. The proposed research will work with the cognitive science research group of the A Fictitious company to assess the effectiveness of their targeted, individually customized cognitive training methods to improve cognitive functions in patients engaged in long-term outcome research at the Brain Center at an Important University.Proposed StudyParticipants: Forty cognitively normal participants will be recruited, including 20 participants scoring 1 SD below age and IQ-adjusted norms on neuropsychological tests of memory (Rentz et al. 2004), and 20 participants scoring no worse than .5 SD below adjusted norms. Participants will be recruited from A University.The patients will be randomly assigned to two groups: intervention and waitlist (baseline) control. The intervention group will receive cognitive training via Fictitious Brain Training Program over a two month period. The waitlist control will not initially receive training. However, since we expect that the training will provide benefits to the patients, participants in the waitlist control group will be given access to the Fictitious Brain Training Program software at the end of the protocol following the post-training assessment. This ensures fair and ethical treatment of groups as well as providing additional data about the effectiveness of the Fictitious Brain Training Program. There are no major risks to patients who participate in the research. The training program is designed to be self-paced so that patients can manage fatigue or frustration. Patients may elect to stop participating in the study at any time. The potential benefits of the proposed research are considerable. The study protocol may provide a treatment to slow or reverse the cognitive decline associated with MCI (and Alzheimers Disease) using the internet, making this treatment broadly and inexpensively accessible.Procedures: Once identified as a candidate for enrollment, patients will be met with in person at their residence. Patients will have the training protocol described and provide informed consent if they wish to enroll. Availability of necessary internet access will be assessed. Once enrolled, patients will be provided with a license to access The Brain Training Program and a research assistant will guide them through the initial setup process. The intervention will follow the standard Brain Training Program practice: initial assessment on a range of cognitive functions followed by 24 20-minute training sessions over approximately 8 weeks. The rate of training sessions recommended is 3 sessions per week but is ultimately chosen by the patient.These sessions are followed by a re-assessment within the Brain Training Program of performance on their identified group of 14 cognitive functions.Participants self-rating of quality of life will be assessed with a Quality of Life-Alzheimers disease (QoL-AD) scale described by Logson et al. (2002). While the current participants do not require an assessment of quality of life appropriate for cognitively impaired individuals, all cognitive training improvement in these participants will also be compared with a group of patients who have a diagnosis of MCI and who are currently involved on an ongoing assessment of A Fictitious Brain Training Program. The same set of performance improvement instruments will be used in both studies to provide maximum comparability across all groups. Hypotheses & Analysis: The intervention group is expected to exhibit reliably higher scores on all post-training assessments than the waitlist control group. Scores on the Fictitious Brain Training Program cognitive assessments are very likely to improve reflecting the training invested in those specific cognitive tasks.Improvements on specific cognitive assessments will be compared to estimates of improved domain-specific performance available via the Brain Training Program. For the current population of cognitively normal participants who might be showing the first signs of memory impairment, changes in self-rating of their quality of life (via the QoL-AD) will be examined carefully. While improvements in activities of daily life may not be significantly improved as these patients are not generally impaired, increases in general cognitive function may lead to better overall quality of life by improving problem solving, language comprehension and general attention skills. Improvements on this measure would be a key indicator of the potential of cognitive training to provide significant benefits to older adults.Assessment of improvement will be made for only participants who complete the training course of 24 sessions. Performance of patients who do not complete the training will not indicate whether the training is effective at improving cognitive function. However, the drop-out rate is a key element to assess for evaluating the overall effectiveness of internet-delivered cognitive training. High rates of drop-out (e.g., >25%) may indicate that the cognitive training needs to be adjusted in difficulty to meet the needs of older adults or that additional support (e.g., more patient contact) is needed to guide the patients through the training. An important element of the current project is the assessment of difficulty of completing the training and obtaining feedback from participants about their experiences with the online cognitive training.Budget JustificationFunding is requested for a half-time graduate research assistant to be responsible for all aspects of subject recruitment, training and data collection. Addition funding of 10% is requested for the principal investigator who will oversee the study and conduct data analysis and publication of results.Travel funding is requested for the PI to attend one national meeting to present the preliminary results of the study. Additional travel expenses are requested to pay for costs of transportation by the research assistant to each subjects home.Subject payment of $50 for each subject (40 total) is requested to reimburse subjects for their participation time.Funding is requested for an Apple Laptop computer (15 with retina display, 2.8 GHz processor, 1 TB hard drive) that will be used for data collection and analysis. Additional funding will be used to purchase the Quality of Life Scale and office supplies.See Appendix A: Budget for detailed budget figures. ReferencesBall, K., Berch, D. B., Helmers, K. F., Jobe, J. B., Leveck, M. D., Marsiske, M., . . . Willis, S. L. (2002). Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 288(18), 2271-2281. Collie, A., Maruff, P., Shafiq-Antonacci, R., Smith, M., Hallup, M., Schofield, P. R., . . . Currie, J. (2001). Memory decline in healthy older people: implications for identifying mild cognitive impairment. Neurology, 56(11), 1533-1538. Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2008). Exercising your brain: a review of human brain plasticity and training-induced learning. Psychology of Aging, 23(4), 692-701. Hertzog, C., Kramer, A., Wilson, R., & Lindenberger, U. (2008). Enrichment effects on adult cognitive development: Can the functional capacity of older adults be preserved and enhanced. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 9(1), 1-65.Jobe, J. B., Smith, D. M., Ball, K., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Willis, S. L., . . . Kleinman, K. (2001). ACTIVE: a cognitive intervention trial to promote independence in older adults. Controlled Clinical Trials, 22(4), 453-479. Logsdon, R. G., Gibbons, L. E., McCurry, S. M., & Teri, L. (2002). Assessing quality of life in older adults with cognitive impairment. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64(3), 510-519. Lustig, C., Shah, P., Seidler, R., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (2009). Aging, training, and the brain: a review and future directions. Neuropsychology Review, 19(4), 504-522. Mungas, D., Beckett, L., Harvey, D., Farias, S. T., Reed, B., Carmichael, O., . . . DeCarli, C. (2010). Heterogeneity of cognitive trajectories in diverse older persons. Psychology of Aging, 25(3), 606-619. Rentz, D. M., Huh, T. J., Faust, R. R., Budson, A. E., Scinto, L. F., Sperling, R. A., & Daffner, K. R. (2004). Use of IQ-adjusted norms to predict progressive cognitive decline in highly intelligent older individuals. Neuropsychology, 18(1), 38-49.Rubin, E. H., Storandt, M., Miller, J. P., Kinscherf, D. A., Grant, E. A., Morris, J. C., & Berg, L. (1998). A prospective study of cognitive function and onset of dementia in cognitively healthy elders. Archives of Neurology, 55(3), 395-401. Salthouse, T. (2006). Mental exercise and mental aging: Evaluating the validity of the use it or lose it hypothesis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(1), 68-87.Sliwinski, M., Lipton, R. B., Buschke, H., & Stewart, W. (1996). The effects of preclinical dementia on estimates of normal cognitive functioning in aging. Journal of Gerontology:Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 51(4), P217-P225. Unverzagt, F. W., Kasten, L., Johnson, K. E., Rebok, G. W., Marsiske, M., Koepke, K. M., . . . Tennstedt, S. L. (2007). Effect of memory impairment on training outcomes in ACTIVE. Journal of the International Neuropsychology Society, 13(6), 953-960. Verghese, J., Lipton, R. B., Katz, M. J., Hall, C. B., Derby, C. A., Kuslansky, G., . . . Buschke, H. (2003). Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(25), 2508-2516 Villemagne, V. L., Pike, K. E., Darby, D., Maruff, P., Savage, G., Ng, S., . . . Rowe, C.(2008). A? deposits in older non-demented individuals with cognitive decline are indicative of preclinical Alzheimers disease. Neuropsychologia, 46(6), 1688-1697.Willis, S. L., Tennstedt, S. L., Marsiske, M., Ball, K., Elias, J., Koepke, K. M., . . . Wright, E. (2006). Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Society, 296(23), 2805-2814Appendix A: Budget SUMMARY PROPOSAL BUDGET FOR INSTITUTION USE ONLY ORGANIZATION PROPOSAL NO.
SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions
SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions Discussion 1 Week 1 COLLAPSE Permalink: https://nursingpaperessays.com/ socw6351-all-wee ssions-questions / ? Discussion 1: Research and Practice Being a social worker is a difficult job. At times it can be challenging. At times it can be rewarding. Having a reliable and trusted network of colleagues can be a source of both professional and personal support and encouragement. The same sentiment can be applied to you and your online classmates. In order to practice presenting yourself to others and fostering collaboration within an academic community, you will upload a video introducing yourself to your colleagues. Your introduction is not a graded assignment and will not be calculated into your final grade. Record and upload, by Day 3, a 2 minute video which includes the following: Your name Your geographic location An explanation of your current environment An explanation of two elements in your current social environment that most influence you A description of how the two most influential elements impact you Upload your video using the Mashup Tool in the classroom. For instructions on how to upload your video, refer to the Kaltura Media Uploader area on the course navigation menu Post your video by Day 3. To upload your media to this discussion thread, use the Kaltura Media option from the mashup tool drop-down menu. Refer to the Kaltura Media Uploader area in the course navigation menu for more information about how to upload media to the course. Respond by Day 5 to at least two colleagues with a thoughtful question or suggestion. Click on the Reply button below to reveal the textbox for entering your message. Then click on the Submit button to post your message. To complete your Discussion, click on Discussions on the course navigation menu, and select Week 1 Forum to begin. Discussion 2 Week 1 Discussion: Micro vs. Macro Practice The foundation of the social work profession is rooted in two levels of social assessment and reform. One is the individual, or micro, approach, which examines the needs of the individual living in poverty and explores how trained social work professionals could assist the individual in overcoming barriers to economic self-sufficiency. The other approach, which occurs simultaneously, is a macro, or larger environment, approach. This approach identifies and influences changes in the larger systems (education, economic, etc.) to improve self-sufficiency. The social work profession incorporates both approaches and trains professionals to intervene effectively at both levels of practice. For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Then, reflect on the dichotomy between micro and macro practice. Next, think about how micro practice has come to dominate the social work profession. Post by Day 4 an explanation of the dichotomy between micro and macro practice. Then, describe how micro practice has come to dominate the social work profession. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond by Day 6 to at least two colleagues by identifying three reasons that macro practice should not be dominated by micro practice if social work policy is to effectively deal with the problems of oppressed and marginalized groups. Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial post. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions Week 2 Discussion 1: Policy Development Often, policymakers develop policies in response to a recent societal problem or event. Whereas some societal problems, such as homelessness, unemployment, and poverty, require long-term policy development and refinement, society sometimes demands immediate policy implementation in response to events or problems that proved dangerous for society at large. For example, the U.S. terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, and the subsequent terrorist threats heightened airport security and created item restrictions for airplane carry-on luggage. Over time, policymakers adjusted these policies as the danger appeared less imminent due to the development of other policies. What policies are you aware of that policymakers developed in response to a societal problem or event? Are those policies effective responses to the problems or events? If not, how might you change them in order to make them more effective? For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Using reputable news and education sources, search for an event that led to the formation of a social policy. Then, consider what changes you might make to the policy that resulted from this event. Finally, think about the role of social work (as a profession and political lobby) in the formation of the policy. Post by Day 3 a brief explanation of the event you selected that led to the formation of a social policy. Then, explain what changes you would make to the policy that resulted from this event and why. Finally, explain the role of social work (as a profession and political lobby) in the formation of the policy. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond by Day 5 to at least two colleagues with a description of whether you see social workers as being proactive or reactive in the policy arena. Describe what steps could be taken to enhance the influence of the social work profession in defining social problems and creating social policy. Provide two suggestions on how social workers can make the recommended changes to the policy that your colleague described. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions Week 2 Discussion 2: Ideological Perspectives of Population-Specific Policy Social workers often are very aware of and informed about the needs of the specific populations with which they work. As a result, it is important that social workers get involved in the policy-creation process by sharing their experiences and perspectives with others, including policymakers. For this Discussion, select a population of particular interest to you. Then, select three to five policies (including two to three state-level and two to three federal-level policies) related to that population. Finally, subscribe to a variety of blog alerts concerning the population and the policies you selected. Note that you will be discussing about these policies throughout the course. You will also critically review the published opinions of bloggers outside of this course, who write about the policies you identified. Post by Day 4 a brief description of the population you selected. Then, provide a description of three to five policies (including two to three state-level and two to three federal-level policies) related to that population. Finally, explain the relationship between the policies and the population you selected. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions Week 3 Discussion: The Impact of Social Policy Social policies can have a significant impact on individuals and families, as well as the organizations and agencies that implement the policies. In some cases, the policy, as written, appears comprehensive and effective. Yet, despite appearances, the policy might fail to be effective as a result of improper implementation, interpretation, and/or application of the policy. As a social worker, how might you reduce the potential negative impact faulty social policies might have on organizations and agencies, as well as the populations you serve? For this Discussion, review this weeks resources, including cases Working with Immigrants and Refugees: The Case of Luisa and Social Work Policy: Benefit Administration and Provision. Then, select either of the cases and consider how the social welfare policies presented in the case influenced the problems facing Luisa or Tessa. Finally, think about how policies affect social agencies and how social workers work with clients such as Tessa or Luisa. Post by Day 3 an explanation of the effects of the social welfare policies presented in the case study you selected on Luisa or Tessa. Be specific and reference the case study you selected in your post. Finally, explain how policies affect social agencies and how social workers work with clients, such as Tessa or Luisa. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond by Day 5 to at least two colleagues who chose a different case from the one you selected by explaining a proactive approach you might develop for a social policy that addresses the problem facing the client in the case your colleagues selected. Explain the steps you think the social work profession can take in ensuring that problems are defined so that oppressed and marginalized groups are represented. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions Week 4 Discussion 1: The Effects of Means-Tested Social Programs What is welfare? When you hear the word welfare, do you picture images of individuals who are facing hard times? While there is more than one type of social program available in the United States to those who need it, social welfare programs like TANF provide assistance to families in need through government tax revenues. Programs like these are often referred to as public assistance or means-tested programs. These programs have eligibility criteria that are based on the individuals or the familys household income and assets. Do these types of programs exist in your state or region? If so, what are the criteria? If you encountered a client like Eboni Logan, from the Logan Family video, who soon will become a mother, how might you best assist her in obtaining benefits from these types of programs? For this Discussion,review this weeks resources, including the Logan Family video case. Consider the means-tested programs that might be available to her in your state or region. Then, think about the likely long-term outcomes for Eboni and her child, if she chooses to parent. Finally, reflect on the state welfare policies that might help her manage the responsibilities of parenthood. Post by Day 3 a brief explanation of the means-tested programs that might be available to Eboni. Be sure your answer is specific to the means-tested programs available in your state or region. Then, explain the potential long-term outcomes for Eboni and her child, if she chooses to parent. Finally, explain the state public assistance policies that might help Eboni manage the responsibilities of parenthood. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond by Day 5to at least two colleaguesby explaining a change for which you might advocate with regard to the policy your colleague described. Then, explain what responsibility Ebonis social worker has to identify lapses in services and advocate for policy changes. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions Week 4 Discussion 2: Welfare Programs In the United States, there are many policies and programs in place to provide financial assistance to individuals in various ways. Some of these policies and programs include tax deductions for children, child care, mortgage interest, marital status, and/or student loans. These examples represent financial considerations the U.S. government provides to specific groups of people in society. While many individuals appreciate the benefits of the policies and programs indicated earlier, there are many stereotypes associated with people who utilize certain public assistance programs like food stamps, subsidized housing, etc. It is important for social workers to understand the impact these stereotypes have on recipients of and service providers for such programs. Also, it is essential that you have the facts about social welfare policies in order to dispel the myths about recipients of assistance programs. For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Consider whether you think means-tested programs, such as the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and Supplemental Security Income (SSI), create dependency among its recipients. Then, think about how the potential perception of dependency might contribute to the stigma surrounding welfare programs. Finally, reflect on the perceptions you might have regarding individuals who receive means-tested welfare and how that perception might affect your work with clients. Post by Day 4 an explanation of whether means-tested programs (TANF, SNAP, and SSI) create dependency. Then, explain how the potential perception of dependency might contribute to the stigma surrounding welfare programs. Finally, explain the perceptions you have regarding people who receive means-tested welfare and how that perception might affect your work with clients. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond by Day 6 to at least two colleagues by explaining how social workers might help to alleviate the stigma based on the explanations your colleagues provided. Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial post. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made. Click on the Reply button below to reveal the textbox for entering your message. Then click on the Submit button to post your message. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions: Week 5 Social Security and Social Welfare Programs For years, many working individuals in the United States have counted on Social Security as their primary retirement income. With the deductions from every paycheck to fund this future benefit, Americans looked forward to a comfortable retirement based on the assumption that these funds were being invested wisely. Is this a factual assumption, or is it another myth of the U.S. social welfare system? Relying on Social Security as a sole means of support in retirement is uncommon. As societys work habits and life expectancies change, Social Security has come to mean different things to different people. For those who are unable to save and/or invest on their own, it functions like a forced retirement program that provides a financial safety net for the future. For those who become unable to work, social security often is viewed by others as a public assistance program. For others who are financially secure and prepared for retirement, it is an entitlement program where individuals draw Social Security at retirement in an effort to recoup what they paid into the program by deductions from their wages. How might these perceptions of Social Security relate to the perceptions of public assistance programs that were discussed in last weeks resources? For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Then, consider how Social Security is different from public assistance programs. Finally, think about how these differences are important in terms of the general perception of Social Security benefits. By Day 3 Post an explanation of how Social Security is different from public assistance programs. Then, explain how these differences are important, in terms of the general perception of Social Security benefits. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. By Day 5 Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond to at least two colleagues by explaining a strategy for how a social worker might help clients manage these perceptions, given the differences your colleagues described. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions: Week 5 Disenfranchisement of the Social Security Program While Social Security provides a safety net of sorts for millions of people, there are still many groups who are not adequately served by this program. For example, there are disparities in the Social Security benefits women receive in comparison to men. For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Also, conduct some Internet research to select a population that you think might be disenfranchised by the Social Security program. Consider how the population you selected might be disenfranchised by the Social Security program. By Day 4 Post a brief description of the population you selected. Then, explain how that population might be disenfranchised by the Social Security program based on research, statistics, or policy analysis. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. By Day 6 Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond to at least two colleaguesby explaining a strategy social workers might use to advocate for fair benefits within this program for the populations your colleagues selected. Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial post. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made. ORDER SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions AT 5% DISCOUNT NOW Discussion 1: Week 6 Mental Health Care Mental health care is a primary concern to social workers, who are the main providers of care to populations with mental health diagnoses. The system that provides services to individuals with mental health issues is often criticized for being reactive and only responding when individuals are in crisis. Crisis response is not designed to provide on-going care and is frequently very expensive, especially if hospitalization is involved. Critics suggest a comprehensive plan, which involves preventive services, as well as a continuum of care. However, there are few, if any, effective and efficient program models. Social work expertise and input are vital to implementing effective services. Targeting services to individuals with a diagnosis of mental illness is one strategy. Another approach includes providing an array of services that are also preventative in nature. How might these suggestions address potential policy gaps in caring for individuals such as the family members in the Parker Family case? For this Discussion, review this weeks resources, including the Parker Family video. Then consider the specific challenges or gaps in caring for individuals with a chronic mental illness might present for the mental health system based on the Parker case. Finally, think about how environmental stressors, such as poverty, can aggravate mental illness and make treatment more challenging. By Day 3 Post an explanation of the specific challenges or gaps in the mental health care system for the care of individuals with chronic mental illnesses. Base your response on the Parker case. Then, describe how environmental stressors, such as poverty, can aggravate mental illness and make treatment more challenging. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions: Week 6 Emerging Issues in Mental Health Care Like so many areas of practice in social work, mental health is dynamic and ever-evolving. Research continues to provide new information about how the brain functions, the role of genetics in mental health, and evidence to support new possibilities for treatment. Keeping up with these developments might seem impossible. However, being aware of and responsive to these developments and incorporating them into both your practice and social policy is essential to changing the lives of individuals and families who live with a mental health diagnosis and the impact it brings to their daily lives. For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Search the Library and other reputable online sources for emerging issues in the mental health care arena. Think about the issues that are being addressed by social policy and those that are in need of policy advocacy and why that might be the case. Then, consider what social workers can do to ensure that clients/populations receive necessary mental health services. Also, think about the ethical responsibility related to mental health care social workers must uphold in host settings when they encounter conflicts in administration and home values. Finally, search your state government sites for the mental health commitment standards in your state and reflect on the mental health services covered under your states Medicaid program. By Day 4 Post an explanation of those emerging issues in the mental health care arena that the policymakers address and those that are in need of policy advocacy and why. Then, explain what strategies social workers might use to ensure that clients/populations receive necessary mental health services. Finally, explain the mental health commitment standards and mental health services in your state. In your explanation, refer to the services covered under your states Medicaid program. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. By Day 6 Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Discussion 1: Week 7 Cultural Influences of Social Policy Cultures, regardless of where they are or how long ago they existed, share a few common characteristics. Among these characteristics is a structure to care for their children and to socialize them in the culture. Children are taught, both directly and indirectly, the values of the culture, their role in the culture, and the expectations the culture has for them. Children absorb the rules, dynamics, and values, which they will later pass these on to subsequent generations. As a social worker, you will deal with families from different cultural backgrounds. Understanding the cultural background of the families you work with will help you to effectively intervene and advocate for policies that support their needs. How prepared are you to identify and advocate for social policies that are just and support families from all cultures? For this Discussion, review this weeks resources, including the Hernandez Family video case. Consider how cultural considerations might affect child welfare policy. Then, think about what your responsibilities, as a social worker, might be in supporting the Hernandez family in addressing their child welfare needs through the accessibility of services. By Day 3 Post an explanation of how cultural considerations might affect child welfare policy. Then, explain what your responsibilities, as a social worker, might be in supporting the Hernandez family in addressing their child welfare needs through the accessibility of services. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. By Day 5 Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond to at least two colleagues by offering any other considerations your colleagues might need to consider when supporting the Hernandez family. Justify your recommendation. Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial post. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions: Week 7 Child Welfare and Family Preservation An essential aspect of social work practice is the support and preservation of the family unit. Building and empowering strong, resilient families is a focus of social work practice within organizations and communities. Social work research is an integral aspect of working with families. The research component of social work is essential to providing effective policies, programs, and services to support and empower families. As a social worker, you need to be equipped with the knowledge and skills required for effectively working with families for child welfare. You also need to interpret and evaluate research findings involving family and child welfare. For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Consider the role of family preservation in child welfare, the research regarding family preservation, and the assumptions about foster care. Think about whether you agree with the research, and whether there are any gaps in your state foster care system that might contribute to the assumptions. Reflect on the benefits and shortfalls of permanency planning and family preservation and which approach you prefer. By Day 4 Post an explanation of the role of family preservation in child welfare. Then, explain whether research supports the assumption that foster care is harmful for children, as presented by the cornerstone argument for family preservation. Be sure to include whether you agree with this assumption and why you agree or disagree. Subsequently, identify the gaps in your state foster care system that contribute to the idea that foster care is harmful to children. Then, compare the benefits and shortfalls of permanency planning and family preservation. Finally, provide a description of whether you prefer the permanency or the family preservation approach as a child welfare social worker and why you prefer it. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions: Week 8 Social Policy: Child Abuse and Neglect Protecting children from abuse and neglect is a cornerstone of the social work profession. Social work professionals strive to ensure that children grow into healthy, well-developed adults. They also develop, implement, and evaluate policy initiatives regarding child welfare. Such initiatives should aim to not only reduce child abuse and neglect, but also provide support for childrens development and resources that will enhance their well-being. As a social worker, to what extent do you understand the existing policies addressing child abuse and neglect? In addition, how prepared are you to propose new policy initiatives in this regard? For this Discussion, review the resources, including the NASWs policy statement on child abuse and neglect on the NASW website. Pick one of the NASW positions and consider a policy initiative you would introduce to further that initiative. Be sure to think about the policies that already exist in your state and how this initiative might alter existing policies. By Day 3 Post a brief description of the position you selected from the NASW policy statement on child abuse and neglect. Then, describe a policy initiative you might introduce to further that position. Finally, describe the policies that already exist in your state and explain how your initiative might alter these existing policies. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. By Day 5 Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond to at least two colleagueswho selected a different position from the one you selected by suggesting how the policy initiative can be achieved. Be sure to identify any challenges or obstacles you see in passing and implementing the initiative. Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial post. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made. SOCW6351 All Weekly Discussions Questions: Week 9 Stakeholders in Health Care Policy There are many stakeholders involved in health care policy issues, and they represent a wide variety of interests and perspectives. The health care industry employs many people. Though all stakeholders may share the goal of optimum individual and societal health and well-being, it is important to note that stakeholders financial interests may influence decision making. For this Discussion, review this weeks resources. Consider the impact of health care policys evolution on Medicaid and Medicare programs. Then, think about a specific Medicaid policy in your state that should be amended, and reflect on how you would amend it and why. Finally, research the stakeholders involved in Medicaid and Medicare health care policy in your state and consider the role of these stakeholders in policy development for this issue. By Day 3 Post an explanation of how the evolution of health care policy has influenced programs such as Medicaid and Medicare. Then, describe a specific Medicaid policy in your state that should be amended, and explain how you would amend it and why. Finally, describe the stakeholders involved in the Medicaid and Medicare health care policy in your state, and explain the role of these stakeholders in policy development for this issue. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. By Day 5 Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond to at least two colleagues in one of the following ways: Describe two factors that might make minority groups especially vulnerable in the Medicaid policy your colleague cited. Explain why these groups may not have a voice in the policy-making process. Offer examples of organized self-help and citizens groups as both support mechanisms and potentially powerful lobbies. Describe how these lobbying bodies can help in amending the policy your colleague described. Discussion Week 10 Discussion: Drug Policies and Ethics The NASW Code of Ethics provides social workers with guidelines and standards for interacting with clients, colleagues, communities, and society, as a whole. These standards govern interactions and professional behavior of social work practitioners. The NASW has also developed specific standards, which are published in the NASW Standards for Social Work Practice With Clients With Substance Use Disorders. These standards emphasize the importance of the competence of social workers. The standards indicate that social workers should be knowledgeable of evidence-based interventions for substance disorders. The confidentiality standard becomes essential as social workers must be informed and comply with federal, state, and local laws about substance use, as well as third-party payee regulations. For this Discussion , review this weeks resources, including the case Working with Clients with Dual Diagnosis: The Case of Joe, and consider how social policies affect Joes circumstances as described in the case study. Then, think about any gaps in service you found in Joes case. Finally, reflect on how you might address these gaps or make changes to the policies that affect Joe. Post by Day 3 an explanation of how drug policies affect Joes circumstances, as described in the case study. Then, explain any gaps in service you found in Joes case as a result of the drug policies described in the case study. Finally, describe a strategy you might use to address these gaps or make changes to the policies that affect Joe. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Read a selection of your colleagues posts. Respond by Day 5 to at least two colleagues with a critique of the gaps in service they identified for Joe. Then, describe a substance abuse or drug policy that you believe is unjust or disproportionately affects a certain group or population. Finally, describe the ethical obligations of social workers to make changes to substance abuse policies. Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial post. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made. Discussion 1: Week 11 Policy Analysis and Applic
NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions
NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Permalink: https://nursingpaperessays.com/ nur3045-all-module-quiz-questions / M1 Quiz Chapter 1 Question 1 The nurse is disappointed with not being able to provide educational materials in a non-English-speaking patients primary language. What can the nurse do to serve as an advocate when providing culturally competent care? Question 2 A patient from a non-English-speaking culture comes into the health clinic seeking care. The nurse is unable to determine the patients primary language. What should the nurse do? Question 3 A health care organization provides care to individuals of whom 75% are from non-English-speaking cultures. When determining the languages to represent within the organization, on which will the organization focus? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 4 The staff development instructor is planning a seminar that focuses on the variables leading to generational conflict. What will the instructor include in this content? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 5 The nurse is planning care for a group of patients from different cultural backgrounds. What aspects of the nurse will impact how the patients access and respond to health care services? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 6 The staff development educator is analyzing ways to incorporate cultural competency concepts in continuing education programs. How will the educator explain the concept of cultural competency to staff? Question 7 A health care organization is planning continuing education for all staff on culturally and linguistically appropriate service delivery. Which category of culturally and linguistically appropriate services in health care will this action support? Question 8 When a health care provider takes the time to learn the underlying background of a patient to provide the best possible health care, which type of cultural care is being provided? Question 9 The Department of Nursing with a health care organization is planning steps that reflect the Joint Commissions recommendations for cultural competence. What will the nursing department include in these steps? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 10 The staff nurse is identifying ways to communicate care needs for a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. How will the nurse use the tool within the Joint Commission monograph roadmap for hospitals to help with this need? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 11 The nurse is planning care to address health care needs for a non-English-speaking patient and family. What would the nurse use as a guide for this care? Question 12 A health care organization is incorporating culturally and linguistically appropriate services into the strategic plan. In which areas of the plan will these services be reflected? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 13 The health care organization has made a conscious effort to provide linguistically appropriate services to its predominantly Hispanic population, incorporating within its staff members from different Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America. Which cultural care concept is this organization implementing? Question 14 Which behavior of a health care provider exemplifies culturally competent care? Question 15 The nurse is planning the care for a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. Which terms would the nurse use that reflect cultural care? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 16 The nurse is unable to locate an interpreter to support a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. The patient asks a family member to interpret for the staff. What would the nurse do to ensure culturally and linguistically appropriate services for this patient? Question 17 The nurse practitioner is ensuring that an adequate amount of educational materials are printed in languages that reflect the patient population. What are the reasons for this health care provider treating a more diverse patient population? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 18 The nurse is completing a survey that includes questions about different aspects of cultural competence. What is the purpose of this survey? Question 19 Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) ask the nurse to explain the difference between cultural care and other types of care. What would the nurse say in response to the UAP? Question 20 Which action would a hospital administrator take to meet the cultural and linguistic needs of Spanish-speaking community members? M1 Quiz Chapter 2 Question 1 The health care team is having difficulty communicating with a patient from a non-English-speaking culture. An interpreter has not yet been located. Which behaviors might the patient demonstrate because of this communication issue? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 2 A group of nurses talking are overheard using jargon that is consistent with the nursing profession. Which behavior are the nurses demonstrating? Question 3 The nurse determines that a patient is in the process of acculturation. What did the nurse assess in this patient? Question 4 Why does the nurse stop and think before implementing touch when providing care to a patient from a different culture? Question 5 A patient from a non-English-speaking culture explains how he has to behave differently at work than he does at home. What does the nurse realize this patient is describing? Question 6 Prior to caring for a Native American patient, the nurse reviews the diseases that are more prevalent in this culture. What is the nurse taking into consideration when caring for this patient? Question 7 While conducting a health history, a patient demonstrates characteristics of ethnocentrism. What behaviors did the nurse observe in the patient? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 8 While collecting demographics, the nurse learns that an American patient is married to an immigrant from another country. What does this patients marriage exemplify? Question 9 A patient living in the United States for 10 years is distressed about not fitting in with American society. What aspects of acculturation will the nurse discuss with this patient? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 10 A patient born in a European country speaks excellent American English. The nurse realizes that this patient has achieved which type of assimilation? Question 11 A patient tells the nurse that it is important for him or her to be discharged soon because it is expected that the familys needs be met. Which aspect of heritage consistency is this patient demonstrating? Question 12 What aspects of a patients culture will the health care provider keep in mind when providing care? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 13 The nurse is planning care for an older patient. What will the nurse take into consideration to reduce generational conflict? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 14 The nurse identifies that a patient from a different culture will not make eye contact during the assessment process. What does the lack of eye contact indicate to the nurse? Question 15 A patient tells the nurse that a health problem is common among people of the patients ethnic background. What other characteristics would the nurse assess as contributing to this patients ethnicity? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 16 The nurse is not happy to learn that a newly admitted patient is from the same culture as a previous patient who had created much turmoil on the care area. What behavior is this nurse prone to demonstrate? NUR3045 All Module Quiz QuestionsQuestion 17 A seminal event in the boomer generation that can still elicit comments today is the question: Question 18 The staff development instructor is planning a seminar that focuses on the variables leading to generational conflict. What will the instructor include in this content? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 19 A patient tells the health care provider that a foot injury occurred while participating in Oktoberfest as a dancer. The patient is explaining which aspect of heritage consistency? Question 20 A health care provider comments that a patient is too old to take care of herself and needs to let a man make decisions for her. The nurse recognizes that this health care provider is demonstrating which misanthropic feelings? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. M1 Quiz Chapter 3 Question 1 Statistics for 2008 to 2009 indicated that 20.7% of children lived in poverty. What health implications can be drawn from this statistic? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 2 Which criterion limits access to health care? Question 3 A patient in the Emergency Department is concerned about the cost of treatment because of no financial income. What areas would the nurse include when assessing this patient? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 4 While taking the health history, a Black Hispanic patient tells the nurse about having difficulty finding employment. The nurse realizes that which is a factor that causes income disparity within this segment of the population? NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 5 The nurse notes that a larger number of foreign-born patients are being seen in the hospital. From which countries are the majority of foreign-born legal permanent residents? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 6 A patient explains how a former job has been outsourced to another country. What impact has globalization had on the economy? Question 7 Legal permanent residents tend to initially settle in urban areas. What can be inferred from this? Question 8 A foreign-born patient tells the nurse about preparing for the naturalization exam. What kinds of questions will be on this exam? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 9 While shifts in the population profile are occurring, what is an important consideration to address in health care? Question 10 According to the 2010 Census, the percentage of the 65+ population of White non-Hispanics is at 13%. How will health planning needs be affected by this percentage? Question 11 A patient tells the nurse that she lives in Section 8 housing. The nurse realizes that eligibility for this program is determined by: Question 12 A patient, an immigrant from another country, is waiting to be seen in the Emergency Department. What difficulties is this patient dealing with since coming to a new country? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 13 The nurse is comparing the patient population at a health care organization with the US Bureau of the Census population statistics. Which statement would the nurse use to make this comparison? Question 14 Prior to completing an admission assessment, a foreign-born patient provides the nurse with a green card. What does this green card represent? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 15 When determining health care needs for a patient population, the health care organization analyzes the percentage of races represented within the organization with those of the US Census. What was the change in the White population between the 2000 and 2010 censuses? Question 16 While completing demographics for a new admission, the nurse notes that there are separate categories for race and Hispanic origin. What influenced this change to occur in demographic data reporting? Question 17 How might immigration contribute to income inequality in the United States? Question 18 Which characteristic would the nurse assess in a family experiencing multi-generational poverty? Question 19 The health care administrator is comparing the 2000 Census Bureau data with patient demographic data. Which cultural group represented 12.5% of the population in 2000? Question 20 What does the nurse identify as reasons why income influences health? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. M1 Quiz Chapter 4 Question 1 Besides being important public health issues and motivating people to action, what purpose do the Healthy People 2020 objectives serve? Question 2 A group of health care providers are attempting to define health. What can occur during this discussion? Question 3 Which is an obligation of a person who is assuming the sick role? Question 4 According to Suchman, what does assuming the sick role mean to a person? Question 5 Within the Healthy People 2020 document, what characteristics contribute to health disparity in the United States? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 6 Which actions or behaviors exemplify health maintenance? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 7 A patient says, The doctors say Im healthy, but I still dont feel well. What can the nurse infer from this statement about the patients definition of health? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 8 Which phases would a person experience during an illness trajectory? Question 9 Why would health care providers refer to Healthy People 2020 when providing patient care? Question 10 While hospitalized, a patient enters the stage of patient status. What behavior will the nurse observe in this patient? Question 11 How would the definition of health differ between a beginning nursing student and a graduate nursing student? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 12 Which statement exemplifies Rosenstocks belief about health as an elusive concept? Question 13 The nurse determines that a patient is in the onset stage of an illness. What did the nurse observe in the patient? Question 14 What would be the result of ambivalence during the dependent-patient role stage? Question 15 Which statement exemplifies how a nursing student views health? Question 16 While reviewing the Healthy People 2020 document, the nurse identifies what as being the main objectives of the program? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 17 Why would the nurse review health status determinants when assessing a patient? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 18 A patient comes to a health care provider concerned about a family history of diabetes. The provider addresses the patients concerns and suggests interventions to diminish the patients chances of developing the disease. What is this action considered? Question 19 Which illness trajectory would be seen in a person with cancer? Question 20 After learning about a health problem, a patient is reluctant to take action. Which barriers could be influencing this patients decision about taking action? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. M2 quiz chapter 5 Question 1 While caring for a patient from the Chinese culture, the nurse learns that the patient has a specific practice that follows yin and yang. What impact will this have on the patients dietary intake? Question 2 What would the nurse identify as contributors to illness? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 3 While performing a home assessment, the home care nurse identifies traditional practices that the patient uses to protect health. Which are practices used to protect health? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 4 Which actions would the nurse categorize as traditional mental HEALTH maintenance? Question 5 Which action do most people take when experiencing a mild illness? Question 6 A patient wants to use a complementary medicine approach for a chronic health problem. Which approaches would the nurse suggest the patient use? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 7 During an assessment, a patient tells the nurse, An onion a day keeps everyone away. How does this philosophy protect health? Question 8 Which action does the nurse recognize as essential for maintaining health? NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 9 During a health history, a patient tells the nurse about following traditional epidemiological practices. What is the purpose of these practices? Question 10 Which activities does the nurse recognize as being used by a patient to restore health? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 11 A patient tells the nurse that an illness was caused by the evil eye. What are common beliefs about this cause of illness? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 12 Which statement would the nurse utilize to define HEALTH? Question 13 While assessing a patient from the Jewish culture, the nurse learns that the patient believes that an illness is being caused by another soul. What is this health belief considered? Question 14 While working with community members of different cultures, the nurse learns a variety of beliefs about the evil eye. What are the consistent variables of this cause of illness? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 15 During a medication history, a patient tells the nurse that black cohosh is often used to treat illnesses. For what purposes will the nurse ask the patient if this herb is being used? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 16 The nurse is trying to determine if a treatment that a patient has been taking for an illness is considered a homeopathic remedy. Which are criteria of homeopathy? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 17 The nurse notes that a patients religion is identified as being Christian Science. How will this religious belief impact the health care that the patient will want? Question 18 In some cultures, spitting is a health protection activity done after giving someone else a compliment. What is the purpose of this action? NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 19 Which patient statement reflects a spiritual belief that defines illness? Question 20 The nurse learns that a patient used to follow homeopathic medicine but now only uses allopathic medicine approaches. What is the significance of allopathic medicine? M2 Quiz Chapter 6 Question 1 A patient is interested in learning more about healing. About what types of healing would the nurse suggest the patient focus this study? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 2 A patient tells the nurse that she is a member of a religion where birth control is either permitted or up to the choice of the couple. Which religions have this belief regarding the use of birth control? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 3 The family member of a patient with bipolar disorder is sitting quietly in the waiting room praying. To which saint would the family member most likely be praying for help with mental illness? Question 4 For which health problems would physical healing be the most appropriate with which to treat? Question 5 A person has an illness of the spirit. What method of treatment will this person receive? Question 6 A patient is planning to participate in a physical healing session. What activities will occur during this session? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 7 A patient approaching delivery of her first child tells the nurse that many things need to be done prior to delivery because she will not be permitted activity for 40 days after the birth. The nurse realizes that which countries of national origin practice a 40-day waiting period after the delivery of a baby? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 8 A patient is planning to see a spiritual healer that practices telotherapy. What is this type of healing? Question 9 A patient with terminal cancer is planning a trip to Lourdes, France, the site of a revered Roman Catholic shrine. What is the significance of visiting this shrine? Question 10 The family of a terminally ill patient is sitting in the waiting room with their parish priest praying for the patient to receive the grace of a happy death. To which saint is the family most likely addressing their prayers? Question 11 A patient with a severe illness is reading the Bible. Which section of the Bible would help the patient with healing illnesses and suffering? Question 12 The nurse overhears a patient ask a family member to bring the Lourdes water to the hospital. The nurse recalls that this water is believed to cure which health problem? Question 13 A patient follows the teachings of Christian Science and will not take any medications, but for which health problem will medications be used by members of this religion? Question 14 An adolescent patient is having a moral conflict because an abortion is desired but it is against the patients religion. Which religions forbid or restrict abortions? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 15 A family member tells a patient with terminal cancer not to worry since special prayers have been said in church. To which saint is prayed for help with cancer? Question 16 A patient adheres to the teachings of Seventh-day Adventist. What practice is followed by those within this religion? Question 17 The nurse is reading about ancient forms of healing. Which method focuses on removing evil from the body? Question 18 A female patient tells the nurse that she prayed to one saint to become pregnant, and now that she is, she is going to pray to a different saint to help her through the pregnancy. To which saints is this patient praying? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 19 A patient who is Buddhist is wearing white clothes. What does this color symbolize in this religion? Question 20 Which type of healing is most appropriate for a person who is possessed by external evil? M2 Quiz Chapter 7 Question 1 An older patient recalls family members using garlic for medicine. What purpose does garlic serve as a health care practice? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 2 A group of nurses is talking about different ethnocultural practices regarding health that are followed within each of the nurses families. What purpose will this discussion serve? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 3 A patient of the Austrian-American Jewish tradition tells the nurse how to treat boils. What will this patient most likely explain to the nurse? Question 4 Which dietary practice is followed by individuals of Swedish-American Protestant heritage to treat feeling run-down and tired? NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 5 A patient recalls being told about various childhood illnesses by his mother. Why is heritage exploration often done through women? Question 6 Which health restoration practice for a cold would the nurse assess in a patient of English Catholic heritage? Question 7 Which heritage group boils a beef bone, breaks up toast in the broth, and drinks as a HEALTH restoration practice for a headache? Question 8 Which actions are considered to be health restoration practices for individuals of Eastern European Jewish heritage? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 9 Which action would a patient from Italian-American Catholic heritage perform to protect health? Question 10 Through a health history, the nurse learns that a patients parents were of Austrian Jewish heritage. Which health practices would the nurse most likely assess in this patient? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 11 Which health protection activity would a patient of Iranian-American Moslem heritage practice? Question 12 Which action is a birth belief among Shintos? Question 13 A patient who is of Greek Orthodox heritage is a new widow. What will the patient do after the death of her spouse? Question 14 How would a patient of French-Canadian Catholic heritage use a HEALTH restoration practice to treat a rash? Question 15 An older patient talks about being given preparations as a child that were considered patent medications. The nurse recalls that these medications included which items? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 16 A patient tells the nurse about using cod liver oil every day. Which heritages utilize cod liver oil as a health maintenance practice? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 17 Why is it important to examine individual familial health/HEALTH practices? Question 18 For which heritage is applying a red scarf around the chest performed for a cold or a sore throat? Question 19 The nurse asks a patient of Italian-American Catholic heritage to describe health protection activities. What will this patient most likely reply to the nurse? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 20 What would a patient of Irish Catholic heritage use to treat menstrual cramps? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions M3 Quiz Chapter 8 Question 1 Which are considered habits within the culture of health care? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 2 The nurse is reviewing the contents of the Affordable Care Act to explain the changes in health care to a patient. What will the nurse include when teaching about the Act? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 3 A patient is unable to access health care. What are the reasons for this barrier to health care? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 4 How does the US health care expenditure per person compare to other nations? Question 5 What is considered to be a constant for any culture? Question 6 A patient is a migrant farm worker. Which barrier would exist for this patient to access health care if needed? Question 7 What was the impact of infrastructure on the health care industry in the middle of the twentieth century? Question 8 What would be a barrier to health care for a person who lives in a rural area? Question 9 What would a patient recognize as symbols of health care providers? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 10 During a health history, the patient describes health restoration activities that are synonymous with CULTURALCARE. Which activity would the patient practice to restore health? Question 11 What impact did social and health policy have on the health care system in the latter part of the twentieth century? Question 12 According to the 2006 statistics, where did the United States rank in infant mortality? NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions Question 13 What was the focus of health care during the early part of the twentieth century? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 14 What causes medicine to be identified as an institution of social control? Question 15 The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who does not practice or follow the Western approach to medicine. What cultural care approach should the nurse suggest to support the patient during the pregnancy and delivery? Question 16 A patient tells the nurse that the Affordable Care Act will not be helpful since the patient cannot afford to pay for health insurance. What should the nurse say in response to this patient? Question 17 How would the nurse practicing CULTURALCARE define health? Question 18 How does modern medical care differ from CULTURALCARE in the medicalization of life? Question 19 Which is the philosophy of CULTURALCARE? Question 20 What is an assumption about socialization into the health care culture? NUR3045 All Module Quiz Questions M3 Quiz Chapter 9 Question 1 Why would a patient from the American Indian culture be prone to developing diseases of the poor, such as tuberculosis and malnutrition? Question 2 Which Navajo American Indian divination method will women practice to diagnose the cause of a disease? Question 3 A patient of the American Indian culture tells the nurse that the medicine man is consulted when an illness develops. How does a person become a medicine man? Select all that apply. Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Question 4 Which is a characteristic of health insurance usage by the American Indian and Alaska Native population? Question 5 Which action is considered to be a traditional practice among American Indians to maintain their harmony with nature? Question 6 A patient that is of the American Indian culture is w
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