Sociology

Format: 1.    State your research question 2.    Write a literature review In the literature review you must draw from relevant, peer reviewed journal articles to provide a justification that your proposed research should be undertaken. State your argument ‘up front’. Use ‘introduction’ and ‘conclusion’ headings as well as headings in the body of the literature review that are relevant to your chosen area of research. Remember a literature review is a synthesis and critical analysis of relevant, existing studies/ knowledge in a particular area.

font: times new roman  font size:12 point spacing: double spacing at least 2 APA sources need to be provided length:400-500 there should be an introduction and conclusion with 2-4 paragraphs as the body of the paper. the content should consist of 2-4 main points that are well developed paragraphs with supportive details  the topic is OVERPOPULATION- overpopulation of planet earth is real. this is not only lead to excessive pollution, but also degradation of the soil and the decreasing of the natural resources. scientists came up with some ideas to control the overpopulation and to develop some renewable resources or alternative types of energy. research this topic more and see what specific ideas scientist are working on to address this growing concern.

The general in the particular Mills maintains that sociology studies patterns of behavior in order to draw conclusions about a social issue that transcends the effect of the problem or issue on any particular individual. See Mills and Wright et al in course reader to guide this project. A behavior or event is “patterned” when it is recurrent. Find patterns in your everyday life for example, in mass media use, dietary choices, musical preferences, and clothing styles.  Connect your particular, or personal, pattern to a more general pattern for a “group” or “category” of people who occupy a place in the social structure: (e.g., the core audience for heavy metal music is young while males). Is this a named pattern (e.g., Metalheads, Vegans)?  What are the rules or “norms” that govern a general pattern like social media use, musical taste, or dietary choice?  To what extent do you derive an individual identity from this pattern? How does this connect you to others and a group or collective identity (e.g., as a sports fan)? Use Risman to interpret this general pattern as a social “institution” (e.g., youth culture, Hip Hop). In particular, what can explain these patterns sociologically (e.g., heavy metal reflects and channels the symbolic rebellion of certain young males against adult authority). references: http://sites.middlebury.edu/utopias/files/2013/02/The-Promise.pdf &  The General in the Particular: Studying Patterns Mills’ work provides the theoretical backdrop for the first research project. Sociologists are interested in the experiences of individuals and how those experiences are shaped by interactions with social groups and society as a whole. To a sociologist, the personal decisions an individual makes do not exist in a vacuum. Social life is not random but patterned. Patterns are events that are recurrent, or repeated on a frequent basis. For example, marrying for love (and like) is the dominant pattern of mate selection in modern societies.  For a perspective on discerning “patterns” of behavior, see the video, “Quantified Self: Apps to Help Track Habits and Identify Patterns”, Kit Eaton (NYT Video, 1.20.16) https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/21/technology/personaltech/video-feature-quantified-self-apps-to-help-track-habits-and-identify-patterns.html Cultural patterns that are established over time put pressure on people to select one choice over another, especially when supported by strong norms, or laws. Sociologists try to identify these general patterns by examining the behavior of large groups of people living in the same society and experiencing the same societal pressures. While there are “individual differences”, the existence of a shared culture makes it possible to generalize. Generalizations, for example that marriage in modern societies is based on romantic love, are valid because social life is patterned and not random.  Cultural patterns that are established over time are known as social institutions. They are “established” because they meet important human social needs like the material and emotional care of the young (i.e, the family). They are shared throughout a population and come to define them as a society. The major societal institutions are government, the economy, the legal system, religion, the healthcare system, and the family. The latter is the most fundamental social institution that is simultaneously a biological institution. The sense that the “pandemic” has disrupted our personal and collective lives can be explained by the impact on social institutions – patterns established over time. How disorienting it is to have teachers and students engaging on the internet rather than in the classroom, or to have spectator sports in venues minus spectators. The first question in Project 1 asks you to find a “particular” pattern which can be followed to something more “general”; the task, here, is to find culture. C. Wright Mills concept of sociological imagination refers to an awareness of the relationship between a person’s behavior and experience (i.e., the “particular”) and the wider culture that shaped the person’s choices and perceptions (i.e., the ”general”). Following Mills, this is a way of seeing our own and other people’s behavior in relationship to history and social structure. Marriage, for example, is a “particular” pattern that is highly personal, culturally interpreted as a once-in-a lifetime event. At the same time, “getting married” is a wider cultural pattern or norm(al), although delayed marriage  has become institutionalized; the median age of first marriage in the U.S. has risen from 23 for males and 21 for females in the early 1950s to 30 and 28 respectively. Romantic love is considered necessary and even sufficient for “getting married”. The cultural ideology of romantic marriage paradoxically explains the high divorce rate in modern society in contrast to arranged marriage which does not require “falling in love” (reflect on what is meant by the metaphor of “falling”?). Internet spaces like Instagram and Tik Tok have found new ways to connect youth and their peer cultures to consumerism – a mainstream American ideology that bases identity on commodities like cell phones, clothing and cars. See the video “Generation Like” https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/generation-like/ for an investigation of the new online patterns of online communication that have been enthusiastically adopted by the younger generations. The video suggests that online social media shapes a peer group culture that is relatively insulated from adults, and that pressures individuals to conform to behaviors that are largely orchestrated by large corporations actively marketing commodities to this demographic including social media companies like Facebook. Social media is a site where youth pursue “likes” from peers that validate a “cool” self.  It is important to keep in mind that culture is a product of the people in a society; human beings create culture and, at the same time, created by it. See the article by Mark Lilla (below) on what our culture will look like “post-Covid”. According to Lilla, “the post-Covid culture doesn’t exist. It will only exist after we have made it…”. Human beings can take action; we have choices which means change is possible. Think about the mass movement in response to police killings as an attempt to change the culture of policing and, more broadly, racial inequality. Change is directed at racism that is built-into specific institutions like law enforcement – racism that is institutionalized or systemic.

The Value of Education What is the true purpose of education? The theories in Chapter 8 provide differing perspectives. Read “Does Education Really Make You Smarter” by Norman Nie at the Pacific Standard Magazine’s website. What does Nie argue? Do you agree? What do you think the true purpose of your education is? Your original post must be at least 200 words.

In this five-paragraph response, I want you to consider how you personally define “humanity”? What does it mean to study “being human”? Is it important? Why or why not? What does it mean to be “human”? What separates us from the animals or the gods?

The scenario for discussion For this forum discussion question, I would like you to speculate on what might happen if the new CRISPR gene editing technology is made legally available for use on humans and that very few if any legal restrictions are placed on what sorts of gene editing parents might be allowed to incorporate into their prospective children (in “designing” their babies). The question Is it possible or likely that some of the problems identified in Unit #2 with respect to traditional selective breeding techniques employed in livestock husbandry and pet breeding could occur in humans through the use of new technologies such as CRISPR to edit their egg and sperm cells to produce babies with specific genetic traits? In addition to indicating why you think problems might or might not arise, indicate what sorts of objectives you think parents might seek to achieve using new technologies such as CRISPR.

Please discuss racial stereotypes you are personally familiar with. How pervasive are these stereotypes and what impact do they have? How do you perceive race? Do you see it as an important part of daily interaction, or is it something that is not important to you personally?

What was the problem you saw? How did you feel about it? What did you do to contribute to solving the problem? o Why are you passionate about this issue? o This activity should naturally reflect the first provision of the American Nursing Association’s Code of Ethics: “The nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and personal attributes of every person, without prejudice.” How does your activity reflect this? o How might participation in this activity contribute to making you a great nurse? The following are required components of the assignment submission: o Title page that includes name, date, and essay title o 1000 word minimum (4 pages) to 1250 word maximum (5 pages) o Body is organized well to address components of Essay Description above. o Typed, double spaced, with introduction and conclusion o Appropriate use of English language ** IMPORTANT ** my activity is… I became a stem instructor to bridge the social inequality gap between the education access less fortunate kids have compared to students that are more fortunate.

M1D2: Abuse or Dependence 71 71 unread replies. 71 71 replies. Abuse and dependence are often used interchangeably. However, there is a very clear distinction between the two. This activity will focus on the differences between abuse and dependence. Review the Module Notes. Read pages 175–183, 194–196: Substance Related Disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder–IV . Read pages 481–497 in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) . Things to think about as you prepare to participate in this discussion: What is abuse? What is dependence? How can we tell the difference? After completing the readings, follow the instructions below to participate in the discussion about abuse and dependence. Begin by answering the following questions: What do you personally see as the difference between abuse and dependence? Now, based on the readings, imagine you are talking to a friend about your observations of their use or abuse. How would you explain the differences between abuse and dependence so that a clear distinction is made?   Evaluation Criteria Your initial post should be at least 250 words and must substantively integrate the assigned readings in the instructions with proper APA  (Links to an external site.)  style formatting. For assistance with APA style formatting, visit the Library  (Links to an external site.)  or the Excelsior OWL  (Links to an external site.) . Your initial post is due by Thursday at 11:59 PM EST. Your responses are due by Sunday at 11:59 PM EST. After you have posted, read through the postings of your peers. Choose (at least) two of your peers’ posts to respond to. The posts you choose to respond to do not necessarily have to be classmates’ initial posts. Each response to a peer should be (at least) approximately 100 words in length and should contribute to the discussion in progress. All responses to classmates should be substantive. That is, they should go beyond simple agreement or disagreement with classmates’ posts. Also, be sure that your responses are respectful, substantive, and consistent with the expectations for discussion, as stated by the prompt. Be sure to monitor and respond to feedback to your major thread post throughout the module. Be sure also to reply to your classmates’ postings and that your responses are within the designated due dates for this discussion activity. Please direct any questions you may have to your instructor. See the Course Calendar for due dates for posts and responses. Consult the Discussion Posting Guide for information about writing your discussion posts. It is recommended that you write your post in a document first. Check your work and correct any spelling or grammatical errors. When you are ready to make your initial post, click on “Reply.” Then copy/paste the text into the message field, and click “Post Reply.”  This is a “post first” discussion forum. You must submit your initial post before you can view other students’ posts. To respond to a peer, click “Reply” beneath her or his post and continue as with an initial post. Evaluation This discussion will be graded using the discussion board rubric. Please review this rubric, located on the Rubrics page within the Start Here module of the course, prior to beginning your work to ensure your participation meets the criteria in place for this discussion. All discussions combined are worth 30% of your final course grade.

M1D1: Getting to Know One Another 80 80 unread replies. 80 80 replies. As you move forward with the course, it would be helpful for you to share your professional experience in the addiction field, if any, as well as how you plan to use this information as a professional in the future. In your initial post, please discuss the following: Identify any professional experience you have in the field of addictions. How do you plan to use this information in your professional life?     Evaluation Criteria Your initial post should be at least 250 words and must substantively integrate the assigned readings in the instructions with proper APA  (Links to an external site.)  style formatting. For assistance with APA style formatting, visit the Library  (Links to an external site.)  or the Excelsior OWL  (Links to an external site.) . Your initial post is due by Thursday at 11:59 PM EST. Your responses are due by Sunday at 11:59 PM EST. After you have posted, read through the postings of your peers. Choose (at least) two of your peers’ posts to respond to. The posts you choose to respond to do not necessarily have to be classmates’ initial posts. Each response to a peer should be (at least) approximately 100 words in length and should contribute to the discussion in progress. All responses to classmates should be substantive. That is, they should go beyond simple agreement or disagreement with classmates’ posts. Also, be sure that your responses are respectful, substantive, and consistent with the expectations for discussion, as stated by the prompt. Be sure to monitor and respond to feedback to your major thread post throughout the module. Be sure also to reply to your classmates’ postings and that your responses are within the designated due dates for this discussion activity. Please direct any questions you may have to your instructor. See the Course Calendar for due dates for posts and responses. Consult the Discussion Posting Guide for information about writing your discussion posts. It is recommended that you write your post in a document first. Check your work and correct any spelling or grammatical errors. When you are ready to make your initial post, click on “Reply.” Then copy/paste the text into the message field, and click “Post Reply.”  This is a “post first” discussion forum. You must submit your initial post before you can view other students’ posts. To respond to a peer, click “Reply” beneath her or his post and continue as with an initial post. Evaluation This discussion will be graded using the discussion board rubric. Please review this rubric, located on the Rubrics page within the Start Here module of the course, prior to beginning your work to ensure your participation meets the criteria in place for this discussion. All discussions combined are worth 30% of your final course grade.