Psychology

Asssessment Instructions Preparation Write a 4 page research paper on CONFIRMATION BIAS, a social psychology theory. Use THREE (3) SCHOLARLY ARTICLES to complete the following: Explain the theory or concept you selected. Describe the purpose of the study. Describe the research methods used in each of the studies. Explain the research findings for each study. Describe how you have personally observed the theory or concept in practice. Explain how the theory or concept, along with the research findings, increases awareness of social perception, social interaction, or social influence. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS: Written communication: Should be free of errors that detract from the overall message. APA formatting: References and citations are formatted according to current APA style guidelines. Resources: Minimum of 3 scholarly or professional resources.  Length: 4 double-spaced pages, in addition to the title page and reference page. Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

In 1,000-1,250 words identify and explain: Each of the six models of abnormality (biological, psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic-existential, sociocultural (family-social and multicultural), and the developmental psychopathology perspective). Provide specific and current examples to demonstrate the application and treatment of each. This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competencies: BA Christian Studies, Youth Ministry; BS Biology, Pre-Physical Therapy; PS Psychology 1.1: Describe and differentiate schools of thought in psychology, both present and historical. BS Behavioral Health Science 2.1: Discuss the current DSM manual and ICD codes for behavioral health

Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology Testing Prior to beginning work on this assignment, please read the required textbook chapters and articles for this week. Create a PowerPoint presentation with 16 to 20 slides (not including the title and reference slides) entitled Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychological Testing. Your presentation must provide 2 to 3 slides for each of the required topics and include appropriate citations of your referenced sources. Separate reference slides, which follow APA formatting guidelines for a References page, must be included at the end of the presentation. You must create your own template and organize your presentation in the sequence provided. Do not use a font smaller than 20 pt. You are encouraged to insert relevant figures and graphics. Make sure to appropriately cite any images you use. If you include a table or figure from a journal article, cite it according to APA guidelines. The notes section of each slide must include the text for oral comments you would make while presentating the materials to a live audience. References must be cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center  (Links to an external site.) . For assistance with creating a visually engaging and readable presentation, you may review Garr Reynolds’s tips for creating presentations  (Links to an external site.) . The presentation must cover each of the following topics in the order presented below. The Ethical and Social Implications of Testing Provide an overview and brief evaluation of the ethical and social implications of psychological assessment. Professional Responsibilities Describe the responsibilities of both test publishers and test users. Testing Individuals Representing Cultural and Linguistic Diversity Analyze and describe issues related to the testing of cultural and linguistic minorities. Reliability Explain the common sources of measurement error and how measurement error can impact reliability. Validity  Create a diagram or figure to compare the types of validity discussed in the textbook. Describe the extravalidity concerns related to testing. Review the articles by Fergus (2013), Kosson, et al. (2013) and Mathieu, Hare, Jones, Babiak, & Neumann (2013). Analyze the information presented in these articles on factor analysis and describe how it is used to validate the constructs of the instruments. Clinical Versus Statistical Prediction Compare clinical and statistical prediction of mental health decisions based on the work of Ægisdóttir, et al. (2006) and Grove & Lloyd (2006). Application One: An Ethical and Professional Quandry Select one of the Ethical and Professional Quandries in Testing from Case Exhibit 1.2 in your textbook and describe the ethical issues specific to the scenario you selected. Include an analysis of the relevant principles from Standard 9 in the APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct  (Links to an external site.) Taking on the role of the psychologist or counselor in the chosen scenario, describe how you might respond to the challenge you selected and provide a brief rationale for your decision. Application Two: Evidence-Based Medicine Summarize Youngstrom’s (2013) recommendations for linking assessment directly to Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology Testing Prior to beginning work on this assignment, please read the required textbook chapters and articles for this week. Create a PowerPoint presentation with 16 to 20 slides (not including the title and reference slides) entitled Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychological Testing. Your presentation must provide 2 to 3 slides for each of the required topics and include appropriate citations of your referenced sources. Separate reference slides, which follow APA formatting guidelines for a References page, must be included at the end of the presentation. You must create your own template and organize your presentation in the sequence provided. Do not use a font smaller than 20 pt. You are encouraged to insert relevant figures and graphics. Make sure to appropriately cite any images you use. If you include a table or figure from a journal article, cite it according to APA guidelines. The notes section of each slide must include the text for oral comments you would make while presentating the materials to a live audience. References must be cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center  (Links to an external site.) . For assistance with creating a visually engaging and readable presentation, you may review Garr Reynolds’s tips for creating presentations  (Links to an external site.) . The presentation must cover each of the following topics in the order presented below. The Ethical and Social Implications of Testing Provide an overview and brief evaluation of the ethical and social implications of psychological assessment. Professional Responsibilities Describe the responsibilities of both test publishers and test users. Testing Individuals Representing Cultural and Linguistic Diversity Analyze and describe issues related to the testing of cultural and linguistic minorities. Reliability Explain the common sources of measurement error and how measurement error can impact reliability. Validity  Create a diagram or figure to compare the types of validity discussed in the textbook. Describe the extravalidity concerns related to testing. Review the articles by Fergus (2013), Kosson, et al. (2013) and Mathieu, Hare, Jones, Babiak, & Neumann (2013). Analyze the information presented in these articles on factor analysis and describe how it is used to validate the constructs of the instruments. Clinical Versus Statistical Prediction Compare clinical and statistical prediction of mental health decisions based on the work of Ægisdóttir, et al. (2006) and Grove & Lloyd (2006). Application One: An Ethical and Professional Quandry Select one of the Ethical and Professional Quandries in Testing from Case Exhibit 1.2 in your textbook and describe the ethical issues specific to the scenario you selected. Include an analysis of the relevant principles from Standard 9 in the APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct  (Links to an external site.) Taking on the role of the psychologist or counselor in the chosen scenario, describe how you might respond to the challenge you selected and provide a brief rationale for your decision. Application Two: Evidence-Based Medicine Summarize Youngstrom’s (2013) recommendations for linking assessment directly to clinical decision making in evidence-based medicine. Elaborate on each of Youngstrom’s recommendations by providing practical examples that illustrate the relevance of the recommendations in a clinical setting. Application Three: Selecting Valid Instruments Create a research hypothesis or brief clinical case scenario in which you must select an instrument to measure intolerance for uncertainty. Use the information in the Fergus (2013) article to support which measure to use. The presentation Must consist of 16 to 20 slides (not including title and reference slides) that are formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center  (Links to an external site.) . Must include a separate title slide with the following: Title of presentation Student’s name Course name and number Instructor’s name Date submitted Must use the assigned chapters in the course text, Standard 9 from the American Psychological Association’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, and the 3 required peer-reviewed articles assigned for Week One. Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Must include separate reference slides formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. clinical decision making in evidence-based medicine. Elaborate on each of Youngstrom’s recommendations by providing practical examples that illustrate the relevance of the recommendations in a clinical setting. Application Three: Selecting Valid Instruments Create a research hypothesis or brief clinical case scenario in which you must select an instrument to measure intolerance for uncertainty. Use the information in the Fergus (2013) article to support which measure to use. The presentation Must consist of 16 to 20 slides (not including title and reference slides) that are formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center  (Links to an external site.) . Must include a separate title slide with the following: Title of presentation Student’s name Course name and number Instructor’s name Date submitted Must use the assigned chapters in the course text, Standard 9 from the American Psychological Association’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, and the 3 required peer-reviewed articles assigned for Week One. Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Must include separate reference slides formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Review the definitions of parenting styles.  The parenting styles consist of: Authoritarian Parenting Authoritative Parenting Neglectful Parenting Indulgent Parenting What are the characteristics of the ideal parents?  How does parenting style change as a child develops?  View the following YouTube videos for further guidance:

Training involves the application of acquired learning and proficiencies to new situations. Employers can implement many different training programs in the workplace. Different training methods can include on-the-job training, such as apprenticeship and job rotation, or offsite training and distance learning. The outcomes of the training can be cognitive, skill-based, or affective: Cognitive outcomes include declarative knowledge such as rules, facts, and principles (Landy & Conte, 2016). Skill-based outcomes are related to motor or technical skills. Affective outcomes are related to attitudes or beliefs that affect human behavior (Landy & Conte, 2016). Ethics training, sexual harassment awareness training, and cross-cultural (or diversity) training have become important elements of the training programs that organizations deliver to employees and leaders. For this assessment, imagine that your work organization has asked for your help in creating an ethics training plan. You must create a plan for both employees and leaders. Preparation Conduct research to identify the following: The requisite components for formal ethics and compliance training for employees. The requisite components for moral and ethical leadership for managers. The recommended modes of delivering training and the frequency of the training. Instructions Create a PowerPoint presentation covering the following topics: Formal ethics and compliance training for employees. Moral and ethical leadership for managers. In the Notes section of each slide, detail what you would say to an audience of human resource professionals and managers about that slide.  In your presentation, include the following content: Describe the topic you are addressing: ethics training and its impact on employee performance and organizational success. Describe the various components of potential ethics training that organizations need to consider as they develop a plan. Recommend a research-supported training plan for employees and managers for ethics and compliance training. Be sure to discuss the following: The components of the training. The mode in which training will be delivered. The frequency in which training should occur. In the final slide or slides, compile and present a list of five resources that would help the organization understand the risks of ethics violations. These resources must be scholarly resourcesn Additional Requirements Your assessment should meet the following requirements: Written communication: Written communication should be free of errors that detract from the overall message. APA format: Resources and in-text citations should be formatted according to current APA style and formatting guidelines. Length: 12 slides, not including the title slide and references slide.  Be sure to include detailed presenter’s notes in the Notes area for each slide. Number of resources: A total minimum of 9 resources, including a minimum of 4 scholarly resources to support your statements, in addition to the minimum of 5 professional or scholarly resources you are recommending to the organization.

Observation of the effectiveness of CBT in individuals with anxiety and associated with hallucinations and/or delusions and implementation of CBT to help those individuals recover and feel better. Note: Provide evidence of why we use qualitative study method, data collection process, and measures –        Outline how participants with anxiety, delusions and hallucinations feel about CBT services, do they think its helpful or not. If it is helpful which areas, they think CBT helped them –        Provide a comparison of how CBT compares with CBT and Pharmacotherapy treatment   –        What are the weaknesses of CBT? –        What are the objectives of the study? –        What is the aim of the study? The problem we want to resolve (for example: Provide effectiveness –        What type of quantitative methodology and research design would fit for the study? –        Which variables, independent and dependent variables will be utilized in the study? –        Provide study timeline (how many months and sessions?) –        What type of data is observed to measure the effectiveness of the study and why are we using specific measures for this study? Provide evidence why we are using specific measures.  output of the study and how would this data be useful? –        Do we collect data in interview format or focus group format and how would we analyze the data (only qualitative study)? –        Provide details related to our target audience (age group, condition intensity, did they have prior CBT experience. It would be nice if they have prior CBT experience to learn about what helped) –        What are the challenges of the study (for example 12 sessions over a period of 12 months). Explain the timeline and why we want to study within that timeline o   Do we want to provide face to face or virtual therapy sessions so that individuals don’t miss the therapy sessions? o   How do we measure the effectiveness of CBT for individuals with severe anxiety and associated with hallucinations and delusions?

Each prompt needs 1 cited reference.  Discussion Prompt 1 Coping With Death In your opinion, is denying one’s own impending death a beneficial way of coping? How might it impact development positively and negatively? Provide examples of practices that indicate death acceptance and death avoidance. Support your reasoning with information from the text and other course materials. Discussion Prompt 2 Coping With Loss Some people believe that in modern societies, unlike traditional communities, we do not allow enough time and social support for the bereaved to process death and mourn loss. Do you agree or disagree? How do childhood experiences and cultural and social rituals impact the bereavement process? Next, read the following blog post “Supporting Grieving Families: Tips for RNs and Others on the Front Line.” Why do you think healthcare providers receive so little training in grief response? Do you think grief support is worthwhile to include as a major part of healthcare training? Explain.

Describe the Sandwich Generation. What are the advantages and disadvantages to all three parties (children, middle adult manager, elderly adult)?  Who is most likely to be caught in the middle of the sandwich? Read the following PEW research article and view the “real life” video and discuss the challenges and benefits.

In the following video, Hannah Fry discusses the basic elements of the mathematics theory and her tips for finding love.  Can a healthy marriage be predicted? Can a divorce be predicted? What are the components of a successful marriage? Explain. The mathematics of love | Hannah Fry

1: Should cognitive performance-enhancing drugs (CNS stimulants) be used by “healthy” people?  Why or why not?  What could be the benefits/downsides/risks? Certainly, feel free to use those as a starting point, but be sure to bring something of your own to the discussion, substantiating your position. 2: The discussion question for your consideration this week focuses on the legalization and decriminalization of drugs, including marijuana, in our society. Based on the readings from this week, and your reflections on your own beliefs, what is your perspective on the question of legalization of drugs, including marijuana? 3: what argument can you make for either the prohibition of or the continued legalization of caffeine and nicotine? What are some of the implications of either move? Should a pregnant woman who uses them, for example, be guilty of “fetal abuse” as she might be in the case of alcohol or illicit drug use? 4: This week, your readings focus on performance-enhancing drugs in sports and depressants and inhalants. After considering these topics, what would be the single most important point about them that you would want to discuss with: a pre-teen, a high school-aged boy, and a college-aged woman? How would you have those conversations? Do you think we, as a society, should do a better job of education on these issues, or is the amount of education we do adequate? 5: Your discussion topic focuses on a trend in advertising we’ve all noticed – direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising of prescription drugs. Should prescription drugs be advertised to the general public? Why or why not? What are the risks and concerns? What are the benefits?