Political science

Federal Budget Speech “Do you want to know who you are? Don’t ask. Act! Action will delineate and define you.” – Thomas Jefferson The federal budget spends close to four trillion dollars a year and is split between mandatory spending (what the federal government has to spend due to congressional legislation) and discretionary spending (what the federal government spends as a result of congressional allotment). Roughly speaking, mandatory spending accounts for two-thirds of the federal budget and discretionary spending accounts for one-third of the federal budget. Every year the executive and legislative branches debate budgetary priorities for the federal bureaucracies such as the Department of Defense, the Pentagon, the Environmental Protection Agency, Veteran Affairs, the Department of Education, and others. Many of these debates occur within congressional committee meetings as members of Congress, federal employees, outside interests, and individual citizens articulate funding requests. For the Unit 9 Assignment you will compose a speech advocating why your chosen department, administration, or agency within the federal bureaucracy should receive additional funding. Because the “world is a stage,” let us establish the setting, plot, and the ensuing action for your speech. Setting: Exterior: Washington D.C. State Capitol Building. Interior: Room 221B. Congressional Hearing Room. Plot: Imagine that you are in a cavernous room. You sit before a large table facing twenty one senators from the Budget Committee. Photographers, more than you can imagine, squeeze between the space that separates you from the members of Congress. Behind you in the gallery, public policy wonks and regular citizens sit, awaiting your presentation. You are a featured speaker from a citizen group that advocates a particular public policy funding concern for your federal department, administration, or agency. Prior to the meeting you have already read the president’s proposed federal budget for the upcoming year from the Office of Management and Budget and you have some budgetary concerns. You read in alarm how the upcoming federal budget request from the White House reduces funding for your federal department, administration, or agency. But, as you know, it is up to Congress to fund the executive bureaucracy. The executive branch requests funding and the legislative branch allocates funding. This is your chance to request more funding for your federal department, administration, or agency of choice. Action: Equally eager and nervous you stand in front of a lectern. “Now,” you think, “now I am ready…” You click on the microphone, examine your prepared speech about your funding request, and you begin to speak with eloquence and passion! Directions: Compose a 400 word transcript of your public policy speech. ·         Select a specific example of public policy from one of the following fields: ·         Economic policy – for example, U.S. budget deficit spending. ·         Education policy – for example, the implementation of charter schools. ·         Environmental policy – for example, the Clean Air Act. ·         Foreign policy – for example, the interplay between civil liberties and the Patriot Act. ·         Healthcare policy – for example, the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare). ·         Welfare policy – for example, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). ·         Select a department, administration, or agency within the Federal Bureaucracy that addresses your public policy concern. ·         Select the President’s proposed federal budget for the upcoming year from the Office of Management and Budget. ·         Write a brief, persuasive speech advocating for increased funding for the federal department, administration, or agency due to its active involvement with your public policy issue. ·         A persuasive speech is a type of speech when the speaker seeks to convince an audience based on a spoken argument. Persuasive speeches are composed of three components: an appeal to logic, an appeal to emotion, and an appeal to credibility. ·         An appeal to logic is when you persuade an audience with reason. (Learning, n.d.) ·         Example: “Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.” – Abraham Lincoln ·         An appeal to emotion is when you elicit an emotional response from the audience. (Learning, n.d.) ·         Example: “Yesterday, December 7th, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.” – Franklin D. Roosevelt ·         An appeal to credibility is when the speaker’s status or authority on the subject persuades the audience. (Learning, n.d.) ·         Example: “Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy, I knew Jack Kennedy, Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you are no Jack Kennedy.” – Lloyd Bentsen ·         The National Constitution Center compiled the ten greatest speeches in U.S. history. From Patrick Henry’s Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death speech to Ronald Reagan’s Tear Down This Wall speech, great oration significantly affects public policy (NCC, 2017). Included on this list is Martin Luther King, Jr’s I have a Dream Speech. Newsweek, an American news magazine, has the video of the speech and The New York Times has an excellent analysis of the speech. ·         Within the speech please include the following: ·         State the public policy concern. ·         Include either a logical, emotional, and/or credibility appeal. ·         Explain the current finances of your federal department, administration, or agency. ·         Describe how the federal department, administration, or agency can positively affect the public policy concern with increased funding. ·         Support your analysis with information from the text and at least two additional academic source. Your assignment should also meet the following requirements: ·         APA format. ·         Title page. ·         Reference page. ·         APA citations. ·         Double spaced sentences. ·         12-point Times New Roman font. ·         Standard English grammar conventions. ·         Correct grammar. ·         Correct punctuation and spelling. Logical, well ordered sentences.

Remember to apply what you have learned from the unit about news values of a story and the basic elements of a news story and its design and presentation. Focus on the story itself but examine all related links, content, graphics, and other information on the page (ads too if you want). Examine the page layout and all the story’s graphic elements (headline, etc.) on that page. The visual presentation of the story, as well as its content, form the basis for your analysis.  Here are elements to include in your analysis: Write a summary of the assigned story in your own words. Take time to come up with a brief summary that really targets the story’s main focus. Make this brief, one to two shorts paragraphs.  Indicate why the story is news. Several news values may apply. Keep in mind the list of news value brought up in the unit content. 3. Consider the sources of information used in the story, including people (interviews), description and any other background material referred to by the writer. Basically, how was the story reported and the information in it obtained? Discuss these sources and describe how they contribute to the overall quality of the article. Are there any sources or pieces of information you feel are missing from the story? 4. Examine the quotes used in the article. Do any quotes stand out? Why? What about how the story was written? Look at the structure of how it was written and you can comment on that. You can also comment on language choices or writing style used in the report. Discuss the visual entry points to the story, including any use of headlines, summary blurbs, links, photographs or any other graphic information. How do all these elements contribute to the telling of the story? Analyze graphic elements used to tell the story if they are presented, including photographs and multimedia elements such as video. If you were going to add graphics or any other components to the story, what would they be? Where on the site is the story placed on the web site and can you discuss the significance of the story’s placement? Take a look at at any other content, including a comments section, that you want to analyze. Then, analyze whether the producers of this site took advantage of the online format. Could they have added other features to better help the reader understand the story? You may want to look at other online news sites to see how they use the online format to tell stories and how they compare to this story.

Find an article in your local newspaper about a local policy issue that affects you. For example, an article concerning your county’s decision to privatize your trash collection service. Summarize the article and explain how this issue affects you. Is the article neutral? Why or why not? How might you influence this policy in the future? Be sure to include a scanned copy of the article in your submission in addition to citations. There are several free scannable apps on the market such as Scannable. If printing is an obstacle, you may include a hyperlink to the article. However, if the link breaks or can not be accessed the burden falls on you to produce that article or to risk losing points. Articles may not be more than one month old Writing Requirements (APA format) Length: 3 full  pages (not including title page or references page) 1-inch margins Double spaced 12-point Times New Roman font Title page References page

Hi, this will be a draft of my dissertation/research project for university. It should ask a clear research question about justice in international politics and then answer that question. Some questions that I thought of when brainstorming the topic are: do countries avoid establishing international justice systems? If so, why? Has the philosophical concept of justice changed or evolved in international discourse over the years? What makes countries cooperate on matters of international justice? I don’t really mind what you choose to write about as long as the question is clear and the answer make sense! I can provide additional sources when a writer has been assigned.

The 4-ORMAL Response & Reflection is a method for assimilating and synthesizing your text through responding to readings, lectures, and classroom/cohort experiences that require the student to synthesize the leadership theory on many different levels. You will write two 4-ORMALs for the Kouzes & Posner text. Covering chapters 1-6 of K&P, you will write your paper using each of the four sections below: Summary: Summarize the assigned book chapters concisely in 800 words total (not 800 words per chapter). Demonstrate that you fully understand the reading by providing a clear and straightforward summary. The summary is not a commentary or listing of topics, but rather an abbreviated synopsis of the book. Cite the book in your papers (at least one per paragraph) and include page numbers for direct quotations. Concrete Responses: In at least 350 words, write about a personal leadership episode, experience that the content of the chapters triggered in your memory. Relate your story in first person, describing action and quoting exact words you remember hearing or saying. You will remember almost nothing you have read unless you make this critical, personal connection. Reflection: What new questions about leadership arise as a consequence of reviewing the text. Challenge the author by asking better questions than he/she did. Begin with questions like, “What troubles me about this book?” Discuss the positives and negatives about the book. Limit this section to 350 words. Action: What are you going to do about it? Develop action steps based on core points of the book. This section must be a description of how main ideas will affect your understanding of leadership and your own leadership development. Provide what professional changes you will implement. Be precise in summarizing your action steps. Limit these comments to 200 words. The paper must adhere to APA standards. You are also required to create a References page on which you provide the complete reference citation for book in compliance with current APA standards. Please note: Your grades on the 4-ORMAL Reviews depend on the manner in which you address each of these four dimensions in response to your readings. Each review must be double-spaced and adhere to the lengths as noted above (not including the title page and References page). Use quotes strategically and sparingly.

Research the background of your congressional representatives in Canarsie Brooklyn (11234).  Two senators and a member of the house of representatives.  Find out about their previous occupation(s), political experience, family, income, education, and other relevant demographics.  What percentage of the vote did they receive to win in their last election?  What are the two policy issues areas they are interested in?  How do these areas reflect their ideologies? here is a link to get you started  https://www.govtrack.us/congressmembers Start by identifying all three of your representative.  Then, pick the representative you are most interested in and explain why they interest you.  Present the information you found in your research required above in the essay – Length:  4 full pages (not including title page or references page) – 1-inch margins – Doubled spaced – 12-point Times New Roman font – Title page – References page (2 scholarly sources)

Remember that the paper is asking you to consider validity – how well the numbers you are looking at represent what they purport to measure – as opposed to their accuracy. So yes, you can discuss the extent to which a dataset is in fact valid measure of something, if that’s what you believe. Then you’ll consider why someone chose to count that particular thing (that is, where the idea for the measurement came from).  please use this link for data:  https://usafacts.org/data/topics/security-safety/crime-and-justice/firearms/firearm-deaths/

Pick a current issue pertaining to federalism. Possibilities include: Abortion, school standards, immigration, gambling, healthcare, firearm laws, marijuana, or internet privacy. You are certainly not limited to this list.     Using the background resources provided as well as an article found in performing your own research, write a two-page paper that shows you understand how federalism has evolved over the nation’s history and an issue or topic from a federalism perspective. Use Microsoft Word to create your document. Your paper should consist of at least 5 paragraphs (1.5-2 pages in length) following this format: 1.       Introduction Paragraph: Summarizes the purpose of the paper, uses an attention-getting devise to draw the reader in. 2.       Paragraphs 2-3: Provide a summative analysis of federalism, tracing its evolution throughout U.S. history to where we are today. 3.       Paragraph 4: Provide an analysis of a current topic or issue pertaining to federalism. A. Describe the issue or topic b. Describe the relationship to federalism (I.e. what are the states doing vs. What is the federal government doing?) c. Describe why the issue is controversial regarding governance 4.       Conclusion paragraph: Summarize the paper and tie it all together. 5.       Citations: At the end of your paper, create a citation for each source you USED in the paper. You may use either APA or MLA style (APA is preferred). The paper should: Be accurate Include an introduction identifying the purpose and using an attention getting device Address and explain the topic of federalism from a historical perspective Thoroughly explain your chosen topic from the perspective of federalism Be written in your “own voice” with minimal errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling Use academic English (no slang or texting language). (Hint: read your responses out loud before submitting.) Be properly formatted and approximately 1.5 to 2 pages in length

TOPIC: On September 1 (2020), President Trump announced that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), following through on his August 8-Executive Order, will halt all residential evictions until the end of the year, to try to reduce the spread of COVID-19. In FOUR pages, please discuss (1) What is this CDC action on the President’s Executive Order all about? (2) Protagonists – Who argues in support of the President’s E.O./CDC’s policy to halt evictions, and what are their arguments that this is good policy that will help Americans? (3) Antagonists – Who argues against the President’s E.O./CDC’s policy, and what are their arguments that this is bad policy and will not help, or even hurt Americans? (4) Where do you stand regarding the President’s E.O./CDC’s policy, and why? IN-TEXT CITATIONS ARE REQUIRED. This is a current event so news sources will be your best sources (e.g. LA Times, NY Times, Time Magazine, etc.) DO NOT JUST PROVIDE A LIST OF SOURCES AT THE END. You need to cite the news sources wherever you use them anywhere inside those four pages of the assignment. Citations must be proper and complete. If you do not know how to properly cite sources, please review your English 1A notes, or seek help from the Language Success Center. NO CITATIONS = 0-points for the assignment, JUST A LIST OF SOURCES AT THE END WITH NO CITATIONS IN ANY OF THE FIRST THREE SECTIONS = 0-points for the assignment. I apologize for the ALL CAPS, but I can’t emphasize enough that proper citations are absolutely required for any research work, even if it’s only four pages long.ONLY YOUR NAME AT THE TOP OF THE PAGE. First line – Your name. Second line – start your essay! Do NOT waste space with the date (I know when this assignment is due!), my name (I know what my name is for decades!), the name of the course (I know what class we’re in!) Anything other than your name will consume precious space that you will need to adequately address each section, and if you include anything beyond your name at the top, your assignment will be assessed a -4 point (10%) penalty (because you’ll have already submitted less work with the lost space.) Some of you may wonder why I’m being such a scrooge about having no header. If I don’t lay this down thick, in the past, I’ve seen some ridiculous headers where half the page is gone! So name on line 1, your essay begins on line 2. MLA format citations are fine. 12-font. Double-spaced. I do not have an opinion. I am not a political person, so feel free to state your wn opinion. THANKS!

This week’s assignment will be to choose 2 articles; One about PRO-Life, and one about Pro-Choice.  You MUST upload BOTH of them to Assignments on your class’ due date along with a 1-Page (NO LESS) list of the reasons for which you either support Pro-Choice or Pro LIFE; choose one—NOT BOTH; however, again, you must upload 2 articles in order to get credit. Additionally, you must watch the 3 YouTube Videos and include something from them in your commentary.   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZrlXvNO9VQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ByjiMAC1qFs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gj-r0tcvLh8