philosophy

Explain Locke’s view of human nature. Use details from the textbook to support your description. Explain Hobbes’s view of human nature, again using details from the textbook to support your description. How do Locke’s view of human nature and Hobbes’ view differ? Which do you think is more accurate? Explain, and defend your answer. BOOK Title: Philosophy Here and Now: Powerful Ideas in Everyday Life (eText) Edition: Third (3rd) Author: Lewis Vaughn Publisher: Persual Code: 22132369

Write a short, objective summary of 250-500 words which summarizes the main ideas being put forward by the author in this selection.

III. Short Answer: (5 points each) Aim to write approximately 5-6 sentences for each answer. Anything less will most likely be insufficient (but writing more for the sake of writing more will not guarantee a higher grade). Be sure to answer all components of the questions 9. Mill claims that it is possible to distinguish between higher and lower pleasures. Explain his “test” to measure the quality of a pleasure and provide one example to illustrate. Do you think this test is a reliable indicator of whether a pleasure is higher or lower? Why or why not? 10. What is Kant’s position on suicide? Ensure that your answer draws on at least one version of the Categorical Imperative and explains how the Imperative can be used as a way to determine which actions to take or avoid. 11. What are two major differences between the moral theories of Mill and Kant? 12. What aspects of Kant’s philosophy does Carol Hay apply to the question of whether a person has a duty to resist their own oppression? 13. What role do pleasure and pain play in cultivating virtue and seeking the good life, according to Aristotle? How does Aristotle’s conception of pleasure and pain differ from Mill or Kant? (Note: You need only to explain how Aristotle’s view on this differs from either one or the other – not both). 14. In “Utilitarianism and Empire,” Sara Ahmed argues that Mill’s utilitarianism played an important role in the justification of the British colonization of India. What reasoning does Ahmed employ to reach this conclusion? What can we learn about utilitarianism’s weakness as an ethical theory from Ahmed? Do you think Mill’s argument for the colonization of India is a misuse of utilitarian reasoning? Use the following scenario to answer the questions: Scenario: Amy’s daughter is suffering from a deadly and painful disease that affects over one million children. A young and wealthy pharmaceutical CEO recently purchased the rights to the treatment for this disease and decided to sell it for $100,000 a dose (compared to the $10 it costs to manufacture the treatment)—a price that most of the families cannot afford. Amy is fairly certain that she can break into the CEO’s lab and steal the cure for her daughter and other suffering children although she knows that she will have to lie and commit murder to do so. She will also likely be arrested and sent to prison for her crimes. 15. If Amy was a virtue ethicist, what might she do? Why? 16. If Amy was a Kantian, what would be the morally permissible thing to do? Explain your reasoning.

Answer the following questions and prompts in your own words, using the research you found to support your answers (including proper citations). 1. What are the most common fallacies people use when engaging in your debate topic? Give several (3+) that you either found or would expect to find related to your topic. Explain each fallacy in your own words and its typical use in this case. 2. What are some of the most common emotive words or phrases you found associated with your debate topic? Give several (3+) examples on both sides of your debate. Explain in your own words why these emotive words distract from the more substantial arguments of your debate topic. 3. What do you think are the 2 most compelling arguments on the pro side of your issue? Explain your reasoning. Is there a good rebuttal to these arguments? If so, explain what it would be. If not, explain why not. 4. What do you think are the 2 most compelling arguments on the con side of your issue? Explain your reasoning. Is there a good rebuttal to these arguments? If so, explain what it would be. If not, explain why not. 5. Identify 3 inductive arguments you used somewhere in your debate and explain what kind of inductive arguments they are and what identifes them as such. (You don’t need to repeat the whole argument, just reference it or label it in some identifable way.) 6. Identify 3 deductive arguments you used somewhere in your debate and explain what kind of inductive arguments they are and what identifes them as such. (You don’t need to repeat the whole argument, just reference it or label it in some identifable way.) 7. Overall, which side of the argument do you think is most convincing? Explain your reasoning.

1. You need to explain the mind-body problem in Metaphysics. How did this problem begin? What are the different theories philosophers have given to solve the mind-body problem? 2. You will choose one theory (for example, Cartesian dualism or Physicalism or Functionalism) as being the best theory for solving the mind-body problem. Then you need to explain why you prefer this theory over other theories. a. What arguments are the most convincing? b. Why are the other theories’ arguments NOT convincing? 3. Which reading you think supports your argument for this theory (such as Descartes’ Meditations, or Fodor’s Mind-Body Problem)? a. For this section, you should use a reading discussed in the book to support your argument. b. Be sure to use “ “ marks if you quote these readings and tell me the writer’s name.

You may use lecture notes, readings, video lectures, or any other information from class. You may not use outside materials, or receive assistance from anyone else. If you do, you will receive an F on your exam. Answer the 2 questions you select FULLY. Make sure your answer all the parts of the exam. Provide examples to help illustrate and support your points. It is better to err on the side of providing too much detail as opposed to not enough. I will not be more lenient in grading . question 1: (1) C.A Campbell attempts to defend Libertarian Freedom against various challenges it faces, in particular, the threat of determinism and the seeming incoherence of libertarian freedom. Do you believe his defense is successful? Why or why not. In order to answer this question you need to: (1) Define Libertarian freedom and determinism, (2) Explain the problem determinism poses for libertarian freedom, (3) State and explain the Libertarian dilemma, (4) State and explain Campbell’s responses to the problems Libertarian freedom faces, (5) Evaluate whether you believe Campell’s defense is compelling. question 2: 1.Thomas Reid argues that John Locke’s theory of personal identity creates a logical contradiction. Do you agree? Do you think there is any plausible response that Locke can offer? In answering this question you need to: (1) Explain Locke’s account of personal identity, (2) Explain Reid’s objection, (3) Explain any possible responses that Locke might be able to make, (4) State whether such responses are plausible.

for the questions its about the readings on the 2 passages. using also class rooms discussions. each question has to be one page. -Solomon and Plato- 1• How does one attract commitment according to the Song of Songs. 2• Contrast the three speeches with Diotema’s speech in Plato for the third page 3rd page -students will be asked to hand in an essay where they grapple with a relationship crisis in the light of one or more of the texts studied. -Narrate the crisis • Resolve it with one or both of the texts studied in class love crisis reference to what we studied

This is a thought exercise. Read only the story and think about it on your own. Do not consult any other sources. The story (see attached) is “The Ring of Gyges” from Plato’s Republic. Then answer the questions at the end, giving as much detail in your arguments as possible. The answers in total should comprise 3 double- spaced pages.

Read the case study entitled Loyal to the Badge that you find in the reading assignment. Note: The link included in the case study is no longer available at that site. Here is an alternate link for the same article that provides more information: https://positiveleo.wordpress.com/2009/09/10/year-of-living-dangerously-takes-toll-on-memphis-cop/ Afterward, read the research article entitled “Rethinking Company Loyalty” by Lauren Keller Johnson: http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/rethinking-company-loyalty Briefly answer the questions, and keep to a word count of 400-700 words: The two ideas on which company loyalty—or organizational loyalty to broaden the title—is built are the following: An attachment to the organization that is noninstrumental, meaning the attachment is not maintained only because it serves the employee’s concrete interests, such as the need for a salary. A deposited value in the organization that goes beyond any individual and their attachment: the organization’s value continues even without those who currently feel it. 1. How are these ideas manifested in the case of April Leatherwood? 2. Three measures on the scale of loyalty intensity are obedience loyalty, balanced loyalty, and free agency. Given what you’ve read about Leatherwood, where would you put her on this scale? Why? 3. Leatherwood’s pay is not high, about $50,000 a year. That works out to about $7 an hour for the twelve undercover months. Obviously she enjoyed no status while she was undercover. Now, however, she has appeared in the newspaper and made detective grade in the department. In your opinion from what you’ve read, do you believe she has acquired a level of status through her work? If she has acquired a status, how would you describe it, what is it based on, how is it different from the status enjoyed by, say, a senator or a movie star? Does this status—assuming she’s acquired it—compensate what she suffered? Explain 4. Now compare or contrast the case study of Loyal to the Badge to that of Rethinking Company Loyalty. *Please remember to use in-text citations and create a reference list. Reference Johnson, L. K. (2005). Rethinking company loyalty. Harvard Management Update, 10(3). Retrieved from http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/rethinking-company-loyalty. **************CASE STUDY************* When police officer April Leatherwood went undercover in Memphis, she changed her name to Summer Smith. She didn’t change her socks for a year—no showers or brushing her teeth either. Her daily routine was to hang out on the street smoking and trying to befriend drug addicts. They’d take her to their dealers, where she’d make a buy and then try to find out who was the next person up the ladder. Her work resulted in about three hundred arrests, everyone from two-bit drug sellers to major movers who organized the street-level crime from luxury apartments. Why’d she do it? According to the newspaper article relating her story, she loved the camaraderie of the department and its protect-and-serve mission. When she emerged from the undercover program, she was promoted to detective. Unfortunately, her three-year romantic partner had moved on, and it was difficult to get the bad memories out of her mind. Still, when the reporter asked whether she’d do it again, she said, “Yeah.”Kristina Goetz, “A Year of Living Dangerously Takes a Toll on Undercover Memphis Officer,” Commercial Appeal, August 30, 2009, accessed May 19, 2011, http://www.commercialappeal.com/news/2009/aug/30/year-of-living-dangerously-takes-its-toll. *********READING MATERIALS******* https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/business-ethics/s11-employee-s-ethics-making-the-b.html

Use your course texts to help you respond to the topic, and when you quote and summarize from the course texts, include information about the page reference. You are discouraged from using additional sources. If you do choose to use an outside source, be sure to cite your source, just as you do when you use the course texts. If you use a quotation or an example from a website, cite the website’s url and the date accessed.