Nursing

Discussion: Counseling and Psychotherapy
Discussion: Counseling and Psychotherapy
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I need only 4 simple pages without any out resources USE JUST THE FILE ATTACHED AND THE LINK AT THE BOTTOM. **With the verb (I). I will attach the Pamela Hays’ Addressing Model and the first part that I did it about my self.
The name of this class is Culture and Gender in Counseling and Psychotherapy
The paper has to due in two parts. The first part I did it in the first of the semester, and the second part it due now.
It is a self- assessment. The first part was about my self identity. And the second part is:
The second section is due Week 11 and should be 4-6 pages APA Style. This section is to include a self-assessment using Pamela Hays’ Addressing Model discussed in class along with reflections of changes or new awareness that has emerged as a result of the course. In other words, reflect back on Part 1. You are to turn in the graded copy of Part 1 along with Part 2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Here what is the professor said:
C) Self-Assessment. This paper has two parts. The first section will be a follow-up to in-class activities presented in Weeks 1 and 2. For this assignment you will reflect on your cultural identity. Honesty is expected and will not be penalized, however a respectful tone is required. The first section should be 2-3 pages APA Style and is an honest assessment of your cultural identity, how you see yourself at the start of this class. We will do a few in-class exercises during the first two weeks to support this process. The second section is due Week 11 and should be 4-6 pages APA Style. This section is to include a self-assessment using Pamela Hays’ Addressing Model discussed in class along with reflections of changes or new awareness that has emerged as a result of the course. In other words, reflect back on Part 1.
The following are questions to consider in the completion of this assignment:
a) Which one of these identities (from the ADDRESSING model) do you find to be most salient? Why? Which is least salient? Why?
b) What does it mean to you (and to American Society as a whole) to be part of this group?
c) What are some of your recollections about interactions and experiences that have significantly impacted your cultural identity development as part of this group? Have your feelings changed or stayed the same about being part of this group?
d) Have you contributed to discrimination/oppression as part of this group? Have you been a victim of discrimination/oppression as part of this group?
e) What messages have you received (directly or indirectly) about people who share your identity, and people who do not share your identity?
f) What are some skills you have learned in this class that you can use when working with individuals from diverse groups?
g) Have your views changed since taking this class? If so, how? What are some areas you still need to work on?

Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
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Please read chapter 2 of the class textbook and review the attached Power Point Presentation. Once done answer the following questions;
1. In your own words discuss the empirical framework of the Purnell Model and what are the purposes of this model.
2. Please mention and discuss the macro aspects of the model.
3. What is the role of the head of household and genders according to this model?
4. In your own words define the domain biocultural ecology and discuss one variation of this domain.
As indicated in the syllabus the assignment must be presented in an APA format, word document, Arial 12 font attached to the forum title “Week 2 discussion questions” in the discussion board. A minimum of 2 evidence based references besides the class textbook no older than 5 years are required. Assignment must contained a minimum of 500 words without counting the first and reference page.
The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
Please read chapter 2 of the class textbook and review the attached Power Point Presentation. Once done answer the following questions;
1. In your own words discuss the empirical framework of the Purnell Model and what are the purposes of this model.
2. Please mention and discuss the macro aspects of the model.
3. What is the role of the head of household and genders according to this model?
4. In your own words define the domain biocultural ecology and discuss one variation of this domain.
As indicated in the syllabus the assignment must be presented in an APA format, word document, Arial 12 font attached to the forum title “Week 2 discussion questions” in the discussion board. A minimum of 2 evidence based references besides the class textbook no older than 5 years are required. Assignment must contained a minimum of 500 words without counting the first and reference page.

Assignment: implementing EBP project
Assignment: implementing EBP project
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Compare and contrast two change theories, and determine which theory makes the most sense for implementing your specific EBP project. Why? Has your mentor used either theory, and to what result?
The first change theory is Lewin’s Change Theory. This theory is very widely used in nursing. This theory has three stages the unfreezing stage, moving stage, and refreezing stage. The theory has driving and resistant forces and for the theory to be successful the driving forces have to overcome the resistant forces. The other change theory is Rogers’ Change Theory. This theory has 5 stages and they are awareness, interest, evaluation, implementation and adoption.(Oguejiofo,2017) It is successful when nurses who ignored the proposed change earlier adopt it because of what they hear from nurses who adopted it initially. Both of these theory’s are widely used in nursing and both require nurses that want the change or who are willing to make the change. My mentor has used the Lewin’s change theory recently. The hospital already has hourly rounding but she just introduced new paperwork that has to be signed every hour. The unfreezing period she just explained how the new way will be better and she showed the nurses how it will be easier because the techs can also sign the sheet. The moving stage she let the nurses tell her how they feel about the whole situation and letting them express what they think will work. The final stage is refreezing and during this stage she went around for the first week making sure the nurses get this in their daily habit. I believe this theory makes more sense to my EBP because there are a lot of nurses that will be the driving force to make this happen and less people being the resistant force. So, it will be more likely to succeed.
References:
Oguejiofo,N. September 26, 2017. Change Theories in Nursing. https://bizfluent.com/about-5544426-change-theories-nursing.html

Discussion: Nursing Research Practice
Discussion: Nursing Research Practice
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In your practice as a nurse, you may use procedures and methods that did not necessarily originate in evidence, but instead were derived from informal and unwritten conventions, traditions, and observations. While these techniques may have merit, practices are constantly being updated and contradicted by information from scholarly research studies and professional guidelines. This new information serves as “evidence” for revising practices to improve outcomes across health care.
Based on this evidence, you can formulate a question. In this Discussion, you consider the use of evidence-based practice in your own organization and formulate a question that you will need to answer for your portfolio project. This is called a PICOT question. You will also investigate strategies for overcoming barriers to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP).
To prepare:
Consider a recent clinical experience in which you were providing care for a patient.
Determine the extent to which the care that you provided was based on evidence and research findings or supported only by your organization’s standard procedures. How do you know if the tasks were based on research?
What questions have you thought about in a particular area of care such as a procedure or policy?
Review Chapter 2, pages 31–34 on “Asking Well worded Clinical Questions” in Polit & Beck and consult the resource from the Walden Student Center for Success: Clinical Question Anatomy & examples of PICOT questions (found in this week’s Learning Resources). Formulate your background questions and PICOT question.
Reflect on the barriers that might inhibit the implementation of evidence-based practice in your clinical environment.
Review the article “Adopting Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Decision Making” in this week’s Learning Resources. Select one of the barriers described that is evident in your organization and formulate a plan for overcoming this barrier.
By Day 3
Post an evaluation of the use, or lack thereof, of EBP in a recent clinical experience. Identify which aspects of the care delivered, if any, were based on evidence and provide your rationale. List your background questions and PICOT question about this nursing topic. Critique how the policies, procedures, and culture in your organization may hinder or support the adoption of evidence-based practices. Identify the barrier you selected from the article and explain how this barrier could be overcome within your organization.

Assignment: The Case of Mary
Assignment: The Case of Mary
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Mary is a 47-year-old, single, heterosexual Caucasian female. She lives with her 52-year-old sister and 87-year-old father in the home in which she was raised. She also has a 45-year-old sister who lives 10 minutes away and a 23-year-old daughter living on her own. Mary and her family members do not maintain friendships outside the family. Mary has been unable to work for the past 3 years because she says she has felt too frightened to go too far from her home. As a result, she has been financially reliant on her family members for these last few years. Prior to this lapse in employment, she had been a school bus driver and an administrative assistant at a warehouse distribution center. Mary has no history of drug or alcohol abuse. She is well groomed and physically fit with a diagnosis of hypoactive thyroid, for which she is treated with Synthroid®. Mary was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder, not otherwise specified (NOS) by the clinic psychiatrist. Assignment: The Case of Mary
Before meeting with me, Mary saw a social worker in a private practice for 2 years. She entered treatment with that clinician because she said she was traumatized by a romantic relationship with a married African American man she had met at work. Her trauma symptoms began 6 months after she ended the yearlong romantic relationship. Mary said the romance occurred because he had “brainwashed” her, as there could be no other reason she would have slept with him. Mary believes that bad people are capable of “brainwashing” good people to perform bad deeds. Mary was raised in a home that espoused racism, and she and her family members believe that African Americans and other people of color are untrustworthy and bad. She said, “I take after my father, and he thinks black people are just evil.” Mary said she understands her feelings about race are not right.
Mary considered her initial attempt at treatment unsuccessful for two reasons. First, she felt the therapist (a Caucasian woman) judged her and her family harshly for their racial beliefs and this got in the way of the two of them building a trusting working relationship. Second, she did not feel relief from her PTSD symptoms. Mary ended the relationship with that social worker 6 months ago. Mary then approached her primary care physician about her symptoms, and the doctor prescribed an antidepressant. When, after 3 months, Mary asked to have her dosage increased, the doctor suggested that she get a psychiatric evaluation and consider returning to therapy. Mary’s insurance company suggested our agency for the psychiatric evaluation and approved 10 sessions.
Mary said she felt sad, frightened, and anxious most of the time. She had no appetite, slept most of the day, had no interest in dressing, and rarely left the house. When she did go out, she felt the need to be accompanied by of one of her sisters.
Mary presented as angry during our initial sessions. She requested that one of her sisters attend the sessions with her, to which I agreed. My intent in agreeing to have her sister in the room was to help Mary feel safe and create a strong rapport. During the early sessions, most of what Mary said began as half sentences that she asked her sister to complete. Mary referred to her sisters as her “caretakers and minders” who “know me better than I know myself so you should talk to them.” Mary said that if she talked for herself she would get “it wrong.” The “it” and the “wrong” remained elusive in meaning when I asked her what that meant.
Mary agreed, after two sessions, to meet with me alone. We used our first individual session to establish Mary’s goals for therapy. Among her goals was developing ways she could feel safer about going outside alone. Over the next eight sessions, I used cognitive behavioral therapy interventions to help Mary build coping strategies for recognizing triggers to frightening thoughts and to help her manage her anxiety symptoms. I also used psychoeducational interventions to help Mary develop routines for proper sleep hygiene, healthy eating, and regular exercise.
After several sessions, Mary shared insight into her feelings about dating an African American man. Mary said that being attracted to an African American man frightened her and that there was no future for her relationship with this man because he was married. Mary believed that she had jeopardized her secure position in the family because being with an African American man challenged the family’s ideas about race and their view of themselves as separate and unique from non-family members. Once the family discovered Mary’s relationship with this man, she believed her only way back into their lives was to accept the role of a “crazy sister” in need of protection and whose judgment about people was faulty. By forming a relationship with an African American man, Mary had shown her judgment to be outside of the norm in the conventions of her family.
In our final two sessions, Mary said that she no longer felt like she was the “crazy woman in the family” and she felt safe going to the grocery store alone. It was my impression that Mary may have been the identified patient in her family but exploring this idea would require family therapy.

Assessing healthservices in varying locations
Assessing healthservices in varying locations
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Question
1 One of the results of the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in Louisiana has been an increase in the influx of Spanish-speaking workers Incorporating cultural and linguistic competence to meet the health needs of this population would include
a having health care professional staff from different Spanish-speaking countries at health care facilities
b ensuring health services are in varying locations
c ensuring that all signage is posted completely in Spanish
d having all health care workers speak Spanish
2 A mechanism health care organizations need to incorporate into their strategic plan for culturally and linguistically appropriate services includes
a goals, policies, accountability and oversight mechanisms addressing these services
b partnerships with community agencies
c mechanisms for client service reimbursement
d staff con? ict resolution policies
3 Kwanzaa was created in the 1960s to raise awareness and pride for the African- American community While its tenets can be applied to all people, this particular celebration was developed to celebrate a specific
a social class
b religion
c ethnicity
d cultural group
4 Parish Nursing is an aspect of nursing that is becoming more utilized One of the bases of parish nursing is the premise that
a it is easier to provide health services to a de? ned religious community
b a faith community has an impact on the health of its members
c illness is prevented through parish nursing
d members of a religion follow de? ned health practices
5 After the Vietnam War, many Vietnamese immigrated to the United States and settled in areas where they could maintain many of the cultural customs and traditions of Vietnam, including festivals, Saturday schools to educate the children in the Vietnamese language and planting communal gardens This is an example of
a heritage consistency
b acculturation
c socialization
d religious preference
6 A seminal event in the boomer generation that can still elicit comment today is the question
a ”How did the Challenger tragedy affect you?”
b ”Where were you when John F Kennedy was shot?”
c ”Do you remember Pearl Harbor?”
d ”What were you doing on September 11, 2001?”
7 A complaint of the boomer generation about the following generations regards work ethic The “nester” generation born between 1979 and 1984 is more likely to embrace an ethic
a of employer loyalty
b seeking to fit their lifestyle
c seeking maximum financial gain
d loyal to one’s skills in the marketplace
8 The best outcome for health care facilities incorporating cultural care into their practices is
a increased numbers of clients seeking care at these facilities
b improved health outcomes for the clients at these facilities
c better health care provided by the facility’s staff
d increased reimbursement by insurance companies for provided health services
9 An important consideration when making a home health visit to a client is to:
a give a general idea of when the visit will be made
b bring a gift to the client’s home on the initial visit
c just show up at the client’s home
d inform the client the approximate time the visit will be made
10 Certain cultures place emphasis on eating speci? c foods during pregnancy and after childbirth to ensure a healthy mother and infant This cultural phenomena is an example of
a time orientation
b environmental control
c biological variation
d social organization
11 Touch is an important component of nursing, but using it without understanding the client’s cultural background can be a violation of their
a social organization
b environmental control
c space and territoriality
d time orientation
12 Before doing any teaching it is important the client understands what is being taught The most effective method to determine if the client understands any health teaching is by
a ask the client if they understand what was said in the teaching
b speaking slowly and carefully to the client
c having the client repeat back what was said in his/her own words
d interpreting the client’s facial gestures
13 Native Americans have a higher susceptibility to diabetes than other population groups within the United States This is considered a(n)
a biological variation
b component of heritage consistency
c social organization pattern
d environmental control
14 While the Census Bureau has placed race as a sociopolitical construct, placing oneself into a racial category can still present a challenge Those who consider themselves “Creole” would be more likely to place themselves into the category labeled
a White
b Asian
c Black or African American
d Hispanic or Latino
15 While shifts in the population profile are occurring, what is an important consideration to address in health care?
a More physicians need to be trained to deliver health care
b Cultural health needs of varying groups must be considered
c Health care providers need to be younger to care for an aging population
d Health care needs to be streamlined for consistent care delivery6
16 With the percentage of the 65+ population greatest among White non-Hispanics in the 2000 Census, health planning needs would indicate
a there is no need to increase manufacture of childhood immunizations
b cultural accommodations for other minority groups can be decreased
c planning needs for other segments of the population can be revised downwards
d this population will have greater demands on the health care system as they age
17 Twelve percent of the population in 2000 was age 65 or over Long-term implications for health for this group include
a developing systems to provide health care only to those older citizens who remain healthy
b providing health care that is focused on gerontological needs
c providing health insurance for all age groups
d developing medications to prolong life at any cost
18 A hurdle immigrants face coming to a new country is
a rejecting their old customs in favor of new customs
b having their children learn the customs of the new country
c finding their own cultural group in the new country
d learning a new way of life that differs from their former way of life
19 In 1970, the highest percentage of foreign-born legal permanent residents becoming citizens came from Europe What is true today? The majority of foreign-born legal permanent residents are from
a Asia
b Mexico, China, and the Philippines
c Europe
d South America
20 Many people who come to the United States to live seek to get a “green card” The green card
a confers automatic US citizenship
b legally restricts the holder from becoming a citizen
c defines the person as being in the country unlawfully
d allows the person legal permanent residency
21 When seeking permanent US citizenship, legal permanent residents take a naturalization exam that questions them on
a knowing the Pledge of Allegiance
b being able to recite or sing the national anthem
c elements of the US government
d the Congressional district they live in
22 Among the very real concerns for all residents of the United States, citizens and legal permanent residents, is the rise in undocumented people entering the country What impact is this having on health care?
a Increased numbers of undocumented people are straining health care resources
b The rise in undocumented people is contributing to the rise in exotic and rare diseases in the country
c There is a concern that undocumented people will lead to bioterrorist attacks
d Health insurance is being given to all people in the country ensuring universal coverage
23 One recognized deterrent to poverty is
a the presence of two parents in a family structure
b not needing to have housing assistance
c not needing to utilize food stamps
d living in a household of a male income earner
24 While income is not a restrictor for engaging in health-promoting behaviors, higher income improves them through
a living in better housing
b membership in health clubs in suburban areas
c increasing opportunities through nutrition and access to facilities
d access to better jobs
25 Many people and groups have provided definitions of health, but the most widely used definition is that from
a Nightingale
b Rogers
c Murray and Zenter
d WHO (World Health Organization
26 As people progress through a health profession education program, definitions of health become
a easier to explain to others
b aligned with the client seeking care
c more abstract and technical
d well articulated and understandable
27 In attempting to define health, what can occur?
a Listing categories of health will enable understanding of health
b Ambiguity is resolved when health definitions are discussed
c Terms and meanings can be challenged by others
d A full acceptance can be achieved by all parties
28 Health status and determinants are used to
a account for health care expenditures
b enforce legislation pertaining to health
c determine federal dietary guidelines
d measure the health of a nation
29 Healthy People 2010 represents
a health policies providing monetary incentives to states who reach the benchmark goals by 2010
b a plan to improve the health of everyone in the United States in the ? rst decade of this century
c mandated legislation that will result in a healthier population by 2010
d a monitoring system evaluating the health of all citizens
30 As with the many variant definitions of health, illness also has many meanings Illness and the sick role assigned to it are legitimized by
a the insurance company that pays for the illness treatment
b the person having the illness
c the health care profession that diagnoses the illness
d society’s view of the illness
31 Among the sick role components is the
a mandate of appearing ill and suffering from the illness
b necessity of taking medications and staying in bed
c exemption from performance of certain normal social obligations
d refusal to look to other sources of health care treatments beyond those prescribed
32 During the stage of patient status, it is expected that
a symptoms are being experienced, leading to a diagnosis
b the patient do all they can do to recover from their illness
c the illness is now socially recognized and identified
d the person shifts into the role as it is determined by society
33 Assuming the sick role according to Suchman means the person
a is aware that something is wrong and responds emotionally
b seeks scientific confirrmation that something is wrong
c seeks help and shares the problem with family and friends
d goes under the control of a physician who plans a treatment of care
34 A person who has cancer may have followed this illness trajectory:
a presenting symptoms, followed by treatment and recovery
b acute illness, unstable status, deterioration, and recovery
c diagnosis, treatment, unstable status, death
d presenting symptoms, followed by diagnosis and treatment
35 When Suchman divides the illness experience into its various stages, the medical care contact stage implies the person is
a cognitively and physically aware that something is wrong
b under medical control and following a prescribed treatment protocol
c seeking scientific c rather than lay diagnosis in order to interpret what it all means
d seeking help and information from family and friends 10
36 While HEALTH is considered a balance of the person, ILLNESS would be considered
a the imbalance of one’s being in and outside the world
b actual symptomatology physically manifested
c part of the human condition that all must experience
d the absence of elements that contribute to health
37 While complementary alternative medical (CAM) treatments are used by people of all backgrounds, recent research indicates CAM use is greater by
a men
b those who have never been hospitalized
c people with rudimentary education
d women
38 Alternative medical traditions are considered
a an essential component of a cultural heritage medical tradition
b for use in concert with other aspects of health care
c out of the realm of a person’s cultural heritage medical tradition
d traditional methods of health care
39 The evil eye is defined differently by different populations Evil is thought to be cast in the Philippines through the
a mouth or eye
b eye or touch
c foot
d breath
40 The saying, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away, an onion a day keeps everyone away,” is thought to protect HEALTH by
a recognizing the special antibiotic properties contained within onions
b advertising that onions have special healing abilities
c protecting the person from coming in contact with those who might be ill
d affirming the belief in the power of onions to prevent disease
41 Religion has an important role in HEALTH, and ILLNESS can be considered
a violating dietary practices
b failure to wear special amulets to ward it off
c a necessary part of religious culture
d punishment for breaking a religious code
42 Eucalyptus is a folk herbal remedy that has applications today It is used for
a nasal congestion and sore throat
b infant colic
c toothache pain
d fever
43 Allopathic medicine terms alternative treatments as complementary or alternative An alternative therapy for rehabilitation might include ________ as treatment
a macrobiotics
b Santeria
c Voodoo
d biofeedback
44 The difference between complementary and alternative medicine is that complementary medicine
a can be used together with allopathic medicine
b is never used with allopathic medicine
c lessens a patient’s discomfort with allopathic treatments
d replaces allopathic medicine as a primary form of treatment
45 A reason why people seek alternative care treatments is
a allopathic treatments may cause adverse effects that a person can’t tolerate
b training for alternative care practitioners is closely regulated and licensed
c insurance reimburses alternative care treatments at the same rate or better than allopathic treatments
d it has a better empirical basis than do allopathic treatments
46 Many people of Catholic faith pray to ________ for the grace of a happy death
a St Teresa of Avila
b St John of God
c St Roch
d St Joseph
47 While shrines that attract pilgrims can be religious or secular in nature, an essential component to all of them is the
a feeling of peace and serenity that is conducive to healing
b location of the shrine
c presence of water so pilgrims can take samples home
d numbers of people who are attracted to that site
48 Lourdes, France, is the site of a revered Roman Catholic shrine Many people with illnesses visit the shrine with the hope of
a becoming more prosperous
b gaining a better job
c receiving a cure through a miracle
d being able to live a long life
49 Historically, early forms of HEALING for illness were equated with
a performing set rituals to prevent illness
b finding the person causing the illness
c sacrificial offerings
d removing the evil causing the illness
50 Among alternative treatment modalities utilized during an illness may be the
a consultation of a healer outside the medical establishment
b strict adherence to the prescribed medical regimen
c willingness to seek a second medical opinion
d refusal to allow any medical treatment to be performed
51 A potential explanation for healers being used in addition to or instead of traditional medical personnel is their
a unique language that is characteristic of their calling
b exclusive dialogue with the person who is ill
c formal relationship with the client
d willingness to be available at any time
52 An illness of the spirit is treated through repentance and is considered
a physical healing
b spiritual healing
c inner healing
d deliverance
53 The six-week postpartum check that women have after having a baby closely matches the crucial ________ day practice of ancient times
a seventh
b fortieth
c third
d tenth
54 Baptism dates for children have significance within various religions Water is the common element in baptism as water signifies
a protecting the child from illness
b cleansing the child either from evil or other maladies
c the relation of the child to God
d dedication of the child to a family group
55 Wearing white clothes in the Buddhist tradition indicates
a mourning the death of a relative
b recognition of a religious holiday
c joy for the birth of an infant
d celebration for a marriage
56 The decline in the use of patent medicine utilization in the United States began with
a the passage of the Food and Drug Act
b increased popularity of over-the-counter medicines
c the rise in alternative health care practitioners
d Medicare reimbursement for prescription medications
57 An important health protection practice among Black American Baptists is
a drinking blackstrap molasses
b eating fresh lemons
c wearing camphor around the neck in the winter
d taking a daily shot of whiskey
58 Chicken soup is considered a universal HEALTH restoration intervention in which tradition?
a French
b Pacific Islander
c Eastern European Jewish
d Italian
59 As a HEALTH maintenance practice, the use of cod liver oil is advocated by those of the
a German Catholic tradition
b Italian Catholic tradition
c Iranian (US) Islamic tradition
d English Episcopal tradition
60 A HEALTH protection practice among Irish-American Catholics is drinking
a senna tea
b yeast
c hot peppermint tea
d wine daily
61 Fr John’s medicine is suggested as a HEALTH protection practice from November to May for
a English American Episcopalians
b Canadian Catholics
c Native American Baptists
d Italian American Catholics
62 Among the HEALTH restoration practices for menstrual cramps for Irish American Catholics is
a applying Vicks on the abdomen
b drinking cod liver oil in orange juice
c applying warm oil to the stomach
d drinking hot milk sprinkled with ginger
63 Activities for HEALTH maintenance for Swedish-American Protestants include
a walking distances on a regular basis
b dressing appropriately for the weather
c going to a physician twice a year whether needed or not
d starting each day with prayer
64 While dressing properly for season and weather is an important HEALTH protection practice for Iranian-American Moslems, it is also important to
a keep onions under the bed to keep nasal passages clear
b eat sorghum molasses
c keep feet from getting wet in the rain
d prevent evil spirits by not looking at a mirror at night
65 A constant for any culture is the
a ability for it to change quickly to adjust to new challenges
b requirement that all members of the culture act the same
c socialization into its traditions, language and practices
d necessity for its members to be homogenous in all their decisions
66 Socialization into the health care culture includes an assumption that
a effective treatment can only be done by educated and licensed professionals
b the more technological the intervention, the greater bene? t it yields
c interventions for health events must follow a prescribed protocol
d alternative complementary treatments have validity
67 Contemporary per capita US health care expenditures are expected to
a increase as part of the overall gross domestic product
b decrease as health care becomes available for all citizens
c match those of other Western countries
d have the United States achieve the highest health status in the world
68 Specified government efforts for health insurance have resulted in
a decreasing the amount that Medicare covers for prescription medications
b decreasing the percentage of uninsured children under age 18
c increasing coverage for prenatal and well-baby care
d increasing the percentage of uninsured children under age 18
69 Technology and scientific advances in health care have resulted in more conditions being treated than in previous decades The most expensive costs for care are for which conditions?
a Cardiac disease
b Conditions resulting in transplantation
c Diabetes care
d Pulmonary disease
70 In the early part of the twentieth century, health care efforts focused on controlling infectious diseases and improving
a maternal and child health
b the requirements of the medical profession
c chronic diseases
d health care costs
71 The United State relies heavily on guest worker/migrant labor for its agriculture industry Health care can be offered for this population but faces a potential barrier of
a language
b access
c racism
d homelessness
72 What differentiates CULTURALCARE from modern medical care in philosophy is that
a sufficient money, technology and science are used to cure or remedy
b premature death must be avoided
c holistic care is predicated on cultural health traditions and needs
d disease and injury are avoided through health promotion and maintenance
73 HEALTH for American Indians has a basis in the
a curing of those conditions that affect the spirit
b respecting of others’ beliefs in healing traditions
c harmony between nature and the ability to survive
d optimism that life creates positive forces
74 Evil spirits are associated with illness by the
a Sioux
b Cherokee
c Passamaquoddy
d Hopi
75 In determining the cause for illness, medicine men and women look for the
a dietary practices of the person being seen
b past medical history as a determinant
c spiritual cause of the problem of the person seen
d physical symptoms displayed
76 Use of sand paintings as diagnosis in the Navajo tradition helps to
a provide an atmosphere of calming for the medicine man
b determine cause and treatment of the illness
c ensure that appropriate payment is made by the family
d create symbolic representations of the client and family
77 A sequela related to alcohol abuse in American Indians is the rise in
a malnourishment among children
b breast cancer rates
c domestic violence against women
d unintentional injuries
78 The provision of health services through the Indian Health Service means
a having one master health guideline blueprint for consistency of care
b partnering and assisting tribes in planning the best delivery of care
c allotting health resources based on population numbers
d following prescribed federal guidelines and procedures
79 Comparing household income levels of $150,000 or more within the Asian subpopulations, the population that has the higher income level is
a Chinese
b Filipino
c Indian
d Indonesian
80 The initial impetus for Asian immigration to the United States, specifically with the Chinese population, resulted from the
a favorable immigration status for the Chinese
b high unemployment rates in China
c need for cheap labor building railroads in the nineteenth century
d demand for menial service jobs
81 A second-class physician in Chinese medicine:
a pays the patient’s family if the patient dies
b has to wait for patients to become ill before treating them
c consults Taoist writings for diagnosis and prescription
d receives payment only if the patient is cured
82 The health and disease beliefs in Ayurveda teach that
a humans are distinct beings within the universe
b disease arises when a person is out of harmony with the universe
c at birth, people are not in balance and their lives are spent getting into balance with the universe
d living and nonliving things have minor connections with one another
83 Feeling the pulse is important for a Chinese physician because it
a can help refine a diagnosis
b is only felt on the wrist
c indicates a specific treatment
d is considered the storehouse of the blood
84 In acupuncture, needles are inserted at predetermined points called meridians because
a puncturing the meridians helps to restore yin and yang balance
b the best anesthetic response is done through meridian puncture
c meridians represent specific yin and yang points
d only specific needles can puncture the meridians
85 While Blacks are represented in every socio-economic group, the percentage of those living in poverty in 2005 was approximately
a thirty percent
b twenty percent
c fifty percent
d twenty-five percent
86 Speaking a language other than English at home is highest among immigrants from
a Nigeria
b Somalia
c Sudan
d Niger
87 A diabetic Muslim may refuse insulin
a because it implies the person has not led a holy life
b because any injectable medication is forbidden
c during Ramadan
d if it has a pork base
88 The leading authority figure within the Black familial structure is the
a oldest adult child
b female
c male
d minister
89 When a Black person is being examined, skin pallor can be recognized by
a palpation
b checking the sclera
c the absence of underlying red tones
d slow blood return
90 Scars that form at a wound site growing beyond the normal boundaries of the wound are
a melasma
b pseudofolliculitis
c keloids
d a pigmentary disorder
91 Educational comparisons of high school graduation and college attendance between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites indicate
a Hispanics have a lower rate of graduation and attendance than their
non-Hispanic counterparts
b similar percentages of attendance between both groups
c more Hispanics attend college than their non-Hispanic counterparts
d a higher proportion of non-Hispanic whites fail to complete high school
92 The largest Hispanic group in the United States comes from Mexico Which is a true statement reflecting this population?
a Employment levels are above the national average
b Employment in professional areas is stagnant
c Migrant farm work is the predominant employment
d Most live in urban areas
93 Visiting a curandero(a) implies a person is seeking
a holistic care encompassing social, physical, and psychological purposes
b care not offered by the medical establishment
c care for spiritual distress
d specialized herbal preparations not used by the medical establishment
94 Teas used to treat mental illnesses in the Hispanic population are herbs common in the United States Yerba buena is an herb used to treat nervousness Its English name is
a spearmint
b basil
c orange leaves
d chamomile
95 The percentage of live births to women receiving third-trimester or no prenatal care is higher for Hispanics than the general population This would imply that
a more prenatal services are needed for the general population
b some prenatal care is better than no prenatal care
c Hispanics possibly have better self-care prenatal practices than the general population
d live birth rates would be comparable if all women received appropriate prenatal care
96 In examining the median age of population groups, the oldest group is
a African Americans
b Hispanics
c Whites
d Native Americans
97 While German Americans believe in the germ theory of infection, another potential cause of ILLNESS can be
a stress-related occurrences
b envy by others toward that person
c a voodoo curse
d unholy actions done in life
98 Treating a cough in the German tradition may include
a eating chicken soup
b putting wet warm compresses on the chest
c drinking lemon juice and whiskey
d rubbing goose grease on the chest
99 To treat a cough, a traditional Polish remedy is
a taking garlic oil
b a mustard plaster on the chest
c drinking hot lemonade with whiskey
d goose grease rubbed on the throat
100 When compared to all races, the White population has a higher
a percentage of low birth-weight infants
b percentage of women receiving prenatal care
c infant mortality rate
d crude birth rate

Discussion: Conflict Resolution Assignment
Discussion: Conflict Resolution Assignment
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Directions
To Prepare:
· Read Finkelman (2016), Chapter 13: Improving Teamwork: Collaboration, Coordination, and Conflict Resolution, section on Negotiation and Conflict Resolution, pp. 324-333 (see attached chapter 13 in word document).
· Observe nurses in a care delivery setting. Identify a recurring conflict with the potential to negatively impact patient care. Decide if delegation was an issue in the conflict. This should be from your practice setting or prelicensure experiences.
· Provide details of what happened, including who was involved, what was said, where it occurred, and what was the outcome that led you to decide the conflict was unresolved.
· Identify the type of conflict. Explain your rationale for selecting this type.
· Outline the four stages of conflict, as described in our text, and how they relate to your example.
· Propose strategies to resolve the conflict. Search scholarly sources in the library and the Internet for evidence on what may be effective.
· Discuss if delegation was an issue in the conflict. Be specific.
· Describe how you would collaborate with a nurse leader to reach consensus on the best strategy to employ to deal with the conflict.
· Describe the rationale for selecting the best strategy.
· Provide a summary or conclusion about this experience or assignment and how you may deal with conflict more effectively in the future.
· Type your paper using Microsoft Word 2010 or later.
Write a 5-7-page paper due today 1/21 before midnight (not including the title or References pages) using APA format and at least four scholarly references no older than 5 years that includes the following level one headings:
1) Start your paper with an introduction ending with a purpose statement (e.g. “the purpose of this paper is…”)
2) Describe an unresolved (recurring) conflict that you experienced or observed. Identify the type of conflict.
3) Provide details of what happened, including who was involved, what was said, where it occurred, and what was the outcome that led you to decide the conflict was unresolved.
4) Outline the four stages of conflict, as described in Finkelman, and how the stages relate to your example. Decide if delegation was an issue in the conflict. Be specific.
5) Describe the strategies for conflict resolution and how you would collaborate with a nurse leader to resolve the conflict. Cites the course textbook and three scholarly sources.
6) Provide a conclusion or summary about this experience and how you may deal with conflict more effectively in the future.

Mental health processes and disorders
Mental health processes and disorders
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Post 1
Mental health processes and disorders originate from mechanisms within the brain. There has been the question within the psychiatric field as to whether plastic changes in the brain that can occur with the use of pharmacological interventions for mental health disorders could also occur with the use of psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is extremely beneficial in treating several mental health issues (Laureate Education, 2016).There is compounding evidence that psychotherapy does have a biological basis and can have a positive impact in brain recovery from the stress response. According to Wheeler (2014), psychotherapy mediates the reintegration and connection of neural networks that have become maladaptively linked due to adverse life events facilitating healing of the brain. Psychotherapy has been found to be an effective treatment method for a variety of mental health disorders such as anxiety, major depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. According to Fournier (2014), activity in regions associated with negative emotion, emotion regulation, fear, and reward are associated with respones to psychotherapy, and psychotherapy appears to alter the functioning of these regions.
While proven to be an effective treatment modality for mental health disorders, there are factors such as culture, religion, and socioeconomic background that can affect the client and their perspective on the use of psychotherapy. Psychotherapy within itself can bring conflicting emotions for the client and the clinician must be aware of how religion, culture, and socioeconomics can alter how the client perceives psychotherapy and its efficacy in their treatment. According to Wheeler (2014), the powerful influence of culture permeates all dimensions of out life in a way that is often unconscious. For example, if a client comes from a culture where emotions are not to be discusssed or if one discusses there past traumas or fears then the client could be resistant to the role of psychotherapy in their treatment plan. The clinician must be aware of the importance of culture in medical or psychological treatments. Religion also plays an instrumental role in how psychotherapy will be perceived by a client. Many clients may come from a religious background where one only speaks of negative emotions with someone from their clergy or a religious figure. According to Kim, Chen & Brachfeld (2018), religion and spirituality are important issues to consider and address in psychotherapy. Communication could become stagnant if the clinician is not aware of the role religion plays in the psychotherapy framework. Socioeconomic background can also be a variable in one‘s perspective of the value of psychotherapy. Certain traumatic events that a person can suffer throughout their lifetime can be directly correlated to socioeconomic standing. For example, poverty can be associated with depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and mood disorders. Patients from this type of background can experience barriers in both seeking and receiving mental health services. According to Bernal et al. (2017), vulnerable populations such as those low in social status face additional barriers to mental health treatment and experience unique barriers to receiving optimal care.
References
Bernal, D.R., Herbst, R.B., Lewis, B.L., & Feibelman, J. (2017). Ethical care for vulnerable populations receiving psychotropic treatment. Ethics & Behavior, 27(7), 582-598. doi:10.1080/10508422.2016.1224187
Fournier, J.C., & Price, R.B. (2014). Psychotherapy and neuroimaging. Psychotherapy: New Evidence and New Approaches, 12(3), 290-298. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207360
Kim, E.E., Chen, E.C., & Brachfeld, C. (2018). Patients’ experience of spirituality and change in individual psychotherapy at a Christian counseling clinic: A grounded theory analysis. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, doi:10.1037/scp0000176
Laureate Education (Producer). (2016). Introduction to psychotherapy with individuals [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Wheeler, K. (Eds.). (2014). Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.

Assignment: Conducting Literature Review
Assignment: Conducting Literature Review
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This is a continuation of the Course Project presented in Week 2. Before you begin, review the Course Project Overview document located in the Week 2 Resources area.
The literature review is a critical piece in the research process because it helps a researcher determine what is currently known about a topic and identify gaps or further questions. Conducting a thorough literature review can be a time-consuming process, but the effort helps establish the foundation for everything that will follow. For this part of your Course Project, you will conduct a brief literature review to find information on the question you developed in Week 2. This will provide you with experience in searching databases and identifying applicable resources.
To prepare:
Review the information in Chapter 5 of the course text, focusing on the steps for conducting a literature review and for compiling your findings.
Using the question you selected in your Week 2 Project (Part 1 of the Course Project), locate 5 or more full-text research articles that are relevant to your PICOT question. Include at least 1 systematic review and 1 integrative review if possible. Use the search tools and techniques mentioned in your readings this week to enhance the comprehensiveness and objectivity of your review. You may gather these articles from any appropriate source, but make sure at least 3 of these articles are available as full-text versions through Walden Library’s databases.
Read through the articles carefully. Eliminate studies that are not appropriate and add others to your list as needed. Although you may include more, you are expected to include a minimum of five articles. Complete a literature review summary table using the Literature Review Summary Table Template located in this week’s Learning Resources.
Prepare to summarize and synthesize the literature using the information on writing a literature review found in Chapter 5 of the course text.
To complete:
Write a 3- to 4-page literature review that includes the following:
A synthesis of what the studies reveal about the current state of knowledge on the question that you developed
Point out inconsistencies and contradictions in the literature and offer possible explanations for inconsistencies.
Preliminary conclusions on whether the evidence provides strong support for a change in practice or whether further research is needed to adequately address your inquiry
Your literature review summary table with all references formatted in correct APA style
Note: Certain aspects of conducting a standard review of literature have not yet been covered in this course. Therefore, while you are invited to critically examine any aspect of the studies (e.g., a study’s design, appropriateness of the theoretic framework, data sampling methods), your conclusion should be considered preliminary. Bear in mind that five studies are typically not enough to reflect the full range of knowledge on a particular question and you are not expected to be familiar enough with research methodology to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of all aspects of the studies.
By Day 7 of Week 5
This part of the Course Project is due. It will also be a component in your Portfolio Assignment in this course, which is due by Day 7 of Week 10.

Assignment: Politics Stress and Sleep
Assignment: Politics Stress and Sleep
Module 2: Discussion
Attached Files:
(15.017 KB)
| Module 2: Discussion
In your reading assignments for this module, you read about a classic example of politics and health promotion in the episode of Rick Perry and the HPV vaccine. For your original post, cite another example of politics and a health promotion topic. An example could be smoking cessation and politics (whether on the local, state, or national level). Thoroughly explain how politics and the selected health promotion topic are related. Your post should clearly demonstrate a thorough understanding of the example being provided. Remember to include an APA formatted in-text citation and corresponding reference from a recent (within last 5 years) professional journal or website (NIH, CDC, etc.).
Provide your initial post, then engage at least two of your online colleagues in a discussion about his/her initial posts. Therefore, you should have at least one initial post and one response to each of two colleagues. Please note that your postings and responses must be “substantive”, which means that they are to be made AFTER you have read the assigned course material and additional self-chosen material. Please note that your Discussion Board assignments are worth a significant part of your course grade, therefore, you are expected to put thought and effort into these entries.
Original post is due by Wednesday at 2359, and the two responses to peers are due by Saturday of Module 2 at 2359.
An APA formatted in-text citation and corresponding reference from a recent (within last 5 years) professional journal or website (NIH, CDC, etc.) are required in your initial discussion post. Blogs, magazines, and newspapers are NOT considered scholarly, professional sources.