Nursing

Read your text, Finkelman (2016), pp- 111-116.
Observe staff in delivery of nursing care provided. Practice settings may vary depending on availability.
Identify the model of nursing care that you observed. Be specific about what you observed, who was doing what, when, how and what led you to identify the particular model.
Write a 5-7 page paper.
You are required to complete the assignment using the productivity tools required by Chamberlain University, which is Microsoft Office Word 2013 (or later version), or Windows and Office 2011 (or later version) for MAC. You must save the file in the ”.docx” format. Do NOT save as Word Pad. A later version of the productivity tool includes Office 365, which is available to Chamberlain students for FREE by downloading from the student portal at http://my.chamberlain.edu (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Click on the envelope at the top of the page.
Review and summarize two scholarly resources (not including your text) related to the nursing care model you observed in the practice setting.
Review and summarize two scholarly resources (not including your text) related to a nursing care model that is different from the one you observed in the practice setting.
Discuss your observations about how the current nursing care model is being implemented. Be specific.
Recommend a different nursing care model that could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. Be specific.
Provide a summary/conclusion about this experience/assignment and what you learned about nursing care models.
Write your paper using APA format using Microsoft Office 2010 or later.

PICOT Statement Paper
View Rubric
Details:
Review the Topic Materials and the work completed in NRS-433V to formulate a PICOT statement for your capstone project.
A PICOT starts with a designated patient population in a particular clinical area and identifies clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care. The intervention should be an independent, specified nursing change intervention. The intervention cannot require a provider prescription. Include a comparison to a patient population not currently receiving the intervention, and specify the timeframe needed to implement the change process.
Formulate a PICOT statement using the PICOT format provided in the assigned readings. The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project.
In a paper of 500-750 words, clearly identify the clinical problem and how it can result in a positive patient outcome.
Make sure to address the following on the PICOT statement:
Evidence-Based Solution
Nursing Intervention
Patient Care
Health Care Agency
Nursing Practice
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

Nursing Qualitative, Quantitative
Using examples, compare and contrast the sampling strategies of qualitative versus quantitative research designs. Describe some advantages and disadvantages of each.
Must be related to Emergency Room
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Solution
Sampling Strategies in Research Design
Sampling is how researchers tend to identify a portion of the population to study (Turner, 2020). It is not possible to investigate every individual in the community or region. Therefore, researchers usually select a study sample using different sampling strategies based on whether the research is qualitative or quantitative. This study discusses the comparison and contrast of the sampling strategies of qualitative versus quantitative research designs and the advantages and disadvantages.
Comparison between Qualitative and Quantitative
The qualitative method uses non-probability sampling strategies, which have no possibility of choosing samples randomly. Non-probability uses the researcher’s perceptions based on the observed real phenomenon in the population. Therefore, there are high chances of not being selected in the population, thus can be biased (Turner, 2020). For example, suppose the study is about the increase in drug use by secondary students in a particular community. In that case, the researcher will focus on a specific sample of their choice, based on their perceptions.
Quantitative, on the other hand, uses probability sampling that is also referred to as purposeful or random. The study subjects have higher chances of being selected using the random system. The probability sampling strategies are easy to use and well organized to allow studying of a whole population. For example, in studying drug use in secondary school students in a particular community, the researcher can check at least the entire population because of the random selection.
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Sampling Strategies
Some quantitative sampling strategies are easy to use, especially systematic and simple random. At the same time, some are time-consuming, especially in cluster strategy. In qualitative, some methods are less expensive. However, they can be time-consuming because the researcher has to analyze each detail to decide on the scope of the population to study. Qualitative sampling strategies can also be biased because it does not focus on the entire population.
Reference
Turner, D. P. (2020). Sampling methods in research design. https://headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/head.13707

Classmate Response (1) PUB 655-Topic 5 DQ 1- Upstream Issues And The Economy
This order is for a response to a classmate’s post. I have uploaded the question and the classmate’s essay that requires a response
Respond to the classmate essay by-
1. sharing an insight to the question and asking a probing question.
2. Also add other points related to the topic.
3. offering and supporting an opinion from the classmate essay
4. please elaborate on one or two points from the classmate’s essay. Please do not just re-write what the classmate wrote.
5. validating an idea
6. making a suggestion
-Please use your own words and do not copy what she wrote
– Sources must be published within the last 5 years. It must be from 2017 and after and appropriate for the paper criteria and public health content.
– Please do not use blogs as references
-References should be in APA 7th ed.
-Add references to reference page
-Add the hyperlink/DOI for each reference in APA 7th edition format.
Thank you.
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Solution
Classmate Response
Global health initiatives aim to improve the quality of health and healthcare around the globe through various health programs. Global health initiatives have impacted both individual and community health globally. As you have indicated in your post, the global health initiatives have promoted stakeholder participation to determine the demand for medication for effective distribution. This participation improves coordination in understanding the health issues and demands of drugs and personnel, which are important in increasing the quality of health. You may also add that the participation between the global health initiative drivers and the stakeholders help in establishing the effectiveness of the drugs in calling off the use of ineffective medications. According to Venkatesan (2021), the collaboration between the stakeholders has helped control the usage of drugs identifying the ineffective medications and providing purposeful and effective drugs.
You have also indicated that global health initiatives have ignored the available structures in distributing medications, monopolizing the management, planning, monitoring, and evaluating the systems. Do the available structures have any importance in distributing the health drugs? The structures are set to connect the global health initiatives with the local communities in identifying the health demands and could play an important role in the distribution process for the drugs. Musinguzi et al. (2017) indicate that the presence of the local structures and healthcare institutions helps create awareness of the drugs and influence the use of the drugs in the community, thus creating a link between the community and the global health initiatives. , the global health initiatives should thus collaborate with the local structures to build a healthy and effective drug distribution and feedback network.
References
Musinguzi, L. K., Turinawe, E. B., Rwemisisi, J. T., de Vries, D. H., Mafigiri, D. K., Muhangi, D., de Groot, M., Katamba, A., & Pool, R. (2017). Linking communities to formal health care providers through village health teams in rural Uganda: lessons from linking social capital. Human Resources for Health, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-016-0177-9
Venkatesan, P. (2021). Repurposing drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(7), e63.

As an advanced practice nurse, you will examine patients presenting with a variety of disorders. You must, therefore, understand how the body normally functions so that you can identify when it is reacting to changes. Often, when changes occur in body systems, the body reacts with compensatory mechanisms. These compensatory mechanisms, such as adaptive responses, might be signs and symptoms of alterations or underlying disorders. In the clinical setting, you use these responses, along with other patient factors, to lead you to a diagnosis.
Consider the following scenarios:
Scenario 1:
Jennifer is a 2-year-old female who presents with her mother. Mom is concerned because Jennifer has been “running a temperature” for the last 3 days. Mom says that Jennifer is usually healthy and has no significant medical history. She was in her usual state of good health until 3 days ago when she started to get fussy, would not eat her breakfast, and would not sit still for her favorite television cartoon. Since then she has had a fever off and on, anywhere between 101oF and today’s high of 103.2oF. Mom has been giving her ibuprofen, but when the fever went up to 103.2oF today, she felt that she should come in for evaluation. A physical examination reveals a height and weight appropriate 2-year-old female who appears acutely unwell. Her skin is hot and dry. The tympanic membranes are slightly reddened on the periphery, but otherwise normal in appearance. The throat is erythematous with 4+ tonsils and diffuse exudates. Anterior cervical nodes are readily palpable and clearly tender to touch on the left side. The child indicates that her throat hurts “a lot” and it is painful to swallow. Vital signs reveal a temperature of 102.8oF, a pulse of 128 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 24 beats per minute.
Scenario 2:
Jack is a 27-year-old male who presents with redness and irritation of his hands. He reports that he has never had a problem like this before, but about 2 weeks ago he noticed that both his hands seemed to be really red and flaky. He denies any discomfort, stating that sometimes they feel “a little bit hot,” but otherwise they feel fine. He does not understand why they are so red. His wife told him that he might have an allergy and he should get some steroid cream. Jack has no known allergies and no significant medical history except for recurrent ear infections as a child. He denies any traumatic injury or known exposure to irritants. He is a maintenance engineer in a newspaper building and admits that he often works with abrasive solvents and chemicals. Normally he wears protective gloves, but lately they seem to be in short supply so sometimes he does not use them. He has exposed his hands to some of these cleaning fluids, but says that it never hurt and he always washed his hands when he was finished.
Scenario 3:
Martha is a 65-year-old woman who recently retired from her job as an administrative assistant at a local hospital. Her medical history is significant for hypertension, which has been controlled for years with hydrochlorothiazide. She reports that lately she is having a lot of trouble sleeping, she occasionally feels like she has a “racing heartbeat,” and she is losing her appetite. She emphasizes that she is not hungry like she used to be. The only significant change that has occurred lately in her life is that her 87-year-old mother moved into her home a few years ago. Mom had always been healthy, but she fell down a flight of stairs and broke her hip. Her recovery was a difficult one, as she has lost a lot of mobility and independence and needs to rely on her daughter for assistance with activities of daily living. Martha says it is not the retirement she dreamed about, but she is an only child and is happy to care for her mother. Mom wakes up early in the morning, likes to bathe every day, and has always eaten 5 small meals daily. Martha has to put a lot of time into caring for her mother, so it is almost a “blessing” that Martha is sleeping and eating less. She is worried about her own health though and wants to know why, at her age, she suddenly needs less sleep.
To Prepare
Review the three scenarios, as well as Chapter 6 in the Huether and McCance text.
Identify the pathophysiology of the disorders presented in each of the three scenarios, including their associated alterations. Consider the adaptive responses to the alterations.
Review the examples of “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in this week’s Learning Resources. Then select one of the disorders you identified from the scenarios. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Consider the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations.
Review the Application Assignment Rubric found under Course Information
To Complete
Write a 2- to 3-page paper excluding the title page, reference page and Mind Map that addresses the following:
For each of the three scenarios explain the pathophysiology, associated alterations and the patients’ adaptive responses to the alterations caused by the disease processes. You are required to discuss all three scenarios within the paper component of this assignment.
Construct one mind map on a selected disorder presented in one of the scenarios. Your Mind Map must include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations.
Required references: (2 of the 4 should include)
Hammer, G. G. , & McPhee, S. (2014). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine. (7th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

Discussion: The Psychiatric Evaluation and Evidence-Based Rating Scales
Post a brief explanation of three important components of the psychiatric interview and why you consider these elements important. Explain the psychometric properties of the rating scale you were assigned. Explain when it is appropriate to use this rating scale with clients during the psychiatric interview and how the scale is helpful to a nurse practitioner’s psychiatric assessment. Support your approach with evidence-based literature.
Determine which of the following disorders to focus on for your initial post: Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire
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Solution
Psychiatric interview is a necessary process that facilitates the establishment of a relationship between care providers and their patients to ensure that they are able to obtain all the relevant information concerning the patient, to develop the appropriate intervention strategies. Some of the crucial components include past psychiatric history for the patient; this includes previous diagnosis, hospitalization due to mental illnesses, medications that have been used previously, psychotherapy, suicide attempts, and violence history (Rush et al., 2019). The past psychiatric history component provides the care provider with clues on what might be ailing the patient and guides other tests to be performed later. The mental status exam is a critical component where the care provider assesses appearance, affect, thought process, hygiene and grooming, speech, cognition, and insight. This allows the care provider to observe signs and symptoms they can use to determine a diagnosis. Developmental and social history; the component provides essential information about social support for the patient and can help indicate subtle symptoms of mental illnesses (Scott & Hirshbein, 2021).
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire is a frequently used outcome measure in psychiatric research. The 16-item questionnaire measures a patient’s satisfaction within the past one week. The questions are rated on a 5-point scale, where the participant is required to respond to each question, and the total score is added and reported as a percentage. The scale is appropriate for use with the client during a psychiatric interview when the routine screening practices do not provide adequate information about the patients. The scale can provide greater details on whether a patient is satisfied with his/her life. Satisfaction with the quality of life is essential in predicting mental health status. Patients that are dissatisfied with their quality of life are likely to have mental illnesses such as depression or anxiety, while those that are satisfied are unlikely to have a mental illness (Ranum et al., 2019).
References
Ranum, E., Baumgartner, A., Burke, W. J., & Wengel, S. (2021). Modifying the psychiatric evaluation for older adults: at tool for medical learners. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(4), S82. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1064748121000993
Rush, A. J., South, C. C., Jha, M. K., Grannemann, B. D., & Trivedi, M. H. (2019). Toward a very brief quality of life enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire. Journal of affective disorders, 242, 87-95. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032718311984
Scott, J. A., & Hirshbein, L. (2021). Tell Me About It: The Historical Development of the Psychiatric Interview. Harvard review of psychiatry, 29(6), 438-443. https://journals.lww.com/hrpjournal/Citation/2021/11000/TellMeAboutItTheHistoricalDevelopmentof.8.aspx

Assignment: Analysis of a Pertinent Healthcare Issue
The Quadruple Aim provides broad categories of goals to pursue to maintain and improve healthcare. Within each goal are many issues that, if addressed successfully, may have a positive impact on outcomes. For example, healthcare leaders are being tasked to shift from an emphasis on disease management often provided in an acute care setting to health promotion and disease prevention delivered in primary care settings. Efforts in this area can have significant positive impacts by reducing the need for primary healthcare and by reducing the stress on the healthcare system.
Changes in the industry only serve to stress what has always been true; namely, that the healthcare field has always faced significant challenges, and that goals to improve healthcare will always involve multiple stakeholders. This should not seem surprising given the circumstances. Indeed, when a growing population needs care, there are factors involved such as the demands of providing that care and the rising costs associated with healthcare. Generally, it is not surprising that the field of healthcare is an industry facing multifaceted issues that evolve over time.
In this module’s Discussion, you reviewed some healthcare issues/stressors and selected one for further review. For this Assignment, you will consider in more detail the healthcare issue/stressor you selected. You will also review research that addresses the issue/stressor and write a white paper to your organization’s leadership that addresses the issue/stressor you selected.
To Prepare:
Review the national healthcare issues/stressors presented in the Resources and reflect on the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected for study.
Reflect on the feedback you received from your colleagues on your Discussion post for the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected.
Identify and review two additional scholarly resources (not included in the Resources for this module) that focus on change strategies implemented by healthcare organizations to address your selected national healthcare issue/stressor.
The Assignment (3-4 Pages):
Analysis of a Pertinent Healthcare Issue
Develop a 3- to 4-page paper, written to your organization’s leadership team, addressing your selected national healthcare issue/stressor and how it is impacting your work setting. Be sure to address the following:
Describe the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected and its impact on your organization. Use organizational data to quantify the impact (if necessary, seek assistance from leadership or appropriate stakeholders in your organization).
Provide a brief summary of the two articles you reviewed from outside resources on the national healthcare issue/stressor. Explain how the healthcare issue/stressor is being addressed in other organizations.
Summarize the strategies used to address the organizational impact of national healthcare issues/stressors presented in the scholarly resources you selected. Explain how they may impact your organization both positively and negatively. Be specific and provide examples.
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Solution
Pertinent Healthcare Issue: Nurse Shortage
In the healthcare business, nurses perform a critical role. They account for the lion’s share of the world’s total number of healthcare workers. According to the Globe Health Organization’s World Health Statistics Report, 29 million nurses and midwives are working around the globe, with 3.9 million working in the United States (Drennan & Ross, 2019). Nonetheless, in the United States of America, a persistent nursing shortage severely hinders good health. For example, approximately 1.6 million additional nurses would be needed by the end of this year to fill the shortfall (Drennan & Ross, 2019). One of the reasons contributing to the growing need for extra nurses is that a high number of baby boomers have reached retirement age. Nurses over 55 who desire to retire or reduce their clinical work volumes account for 23% of the total (Broome & Marshall, 2020). According to predictions, around 1.1 million baby boomer nursing professionals will retire over the next two decades. Consequently, there is a persistent nursing shortage in the United States, contributing to the country’s current condition of affairs (Fraher and Brandt, 2019). The purpose of this article is to study nurse shortages in-depth, the implications for an organization, and to provide viable solutions.
The Impact of Nurse Shortage on the Organization
Throughout my organization, the nursing shortage is readily apparent. According to the American Nurses Association, approximately 50 nurses have left the field in the last five years. In addition, the facility’s nurse turnover rate exceeds 19 percent on an annual basis. The upshot of this has been a scarcity of nursing personnel. The rate of new nursing employees, on the other hand, is around 10% lower than the national average. Consequently, the nurses at the institution are dealing with an increase in workload. Nurse burnout is on the rise within the nursing sector due to a lack of qualified nurses in the country. Medical errors are a result of burnout, and these mistakes result in patient fatalities and litigation. According to one example, the institution lost almost $55,000 in the previous fiscal year in order to compensate families whose loved ones died or fell sick because of erroneously administered care. The expense of medication has also climbed in tandem with the lengthening of patient stays, which is a worrying trend. Because the patient’s health worsens because of the inconsistent medicines, the patient’s safety scores also drop. A decrease in patient safety has occurred at the institution, as shown by a reduction in the LeapFrog Patient Safety Score from a grade of C to a grade of D. Therefore, there is a compelling need to address this public health issue on a national scale throughout the country.
Article 1: Global nurse shortages: The facts, the impact, and action for change.
The goal of this study was to undertake a comprehensive examination in order to provide potential remedies to the global nursing professor shortage. To address or mitigate the shortage of nursing faculty, a meta-analysis was utilized to examine and critically evaluate the solutions given by key nursing organizations for alleviating or ameliorating the shortage of nursing faculty (Drennan and Ross, 2019). According to the authors, a scarcity of nursing professors at nursing schools throughout the world is causing a shortage of nurses in the United States and around the world.
In order to develop a plausible point of view on the issue, the authors performed a thorough review of several published resources. They searched for white papers and position statements in multiple databases using CINAHL, PubMed, and Google Scholar, among other resources. There were 62 articles that yielded 181 ideas. The responses provided in these publications were split into eight major categories (Drennan and Ross, 2019). These included more significant funding for nursing faculty positions in nursing schools, worldwide collaboration in nursing research activities, data consolidation, and increased funding for nursing research endeavors.
They observed that a convergence of factors, including global nurse migrations, a chronic devaluation of faculty by academic programs, a lack of incentives, and a drop in full-time equivalent faculty employment, among other things, is the cause of nursing faculty shortage. The outcomes of the research, according to the authors, show that a change in approach and direction is necessary to solve the lack of nurse educators (Drennan and Ross, 2019). The healthcare department might do this via the creation of new types of nursing education as well as the creation of a mutually beneficial service contract.
Article 2: Transition to nursing faculty: Exploring the barriers
This article will examine the progress achieved on previously planned efforts, such as extending nursing certificate and graduate programs and nurse educators, enhancing graduate student recruitment into faculty posts, and deferring the retirement of present nurses and professors (Bagley et al., 2018). This academic paper is a review of the literature that dives into the subject at hand. Additionally, the authors propose novel solutions to the problem, including expediting the transition from bachelor of science in nursing to doctor of philosophy curricula; ensuring that Advanced Practice Nurses are recruited into faculty roles while the faculty arranges for clinical practice time; and elevating the nursing career image to make it a prestigious profession (Bagley et al., 2018). Additionally, the authors advocated for developing a national certification program for nurse educators and the Department of Health and Human Services to collaborate with other healthcare authorities to resolve the problem (Bagley et al., 2018). The authors observed that linking the general nursing shortage to an absence of nurse educators improves the case for funding and public policy initiatives. The author concluded that some of the existing methods are successful (Bagley et al., 2018). Deferring faculty retirement, for example, has resulted in an estimated considerable increase in the United States’ nursing services shortage. Other practical approaches include expanding certificate and graduate nursing programs and aggressively recruiting graduate students for teaching positions.
Strategies used to address the organizational impact of Nurse Shortage.
As a first step, Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) might be recruited to serve as adjunct faculty while faculty members negotiate clinical practice time with the administration. This will ensure that nursing schools always have sufficient nurse educators on their staff (Fraher and Brandt, 2019). Raising the public’s perception of nursing will increase nursing school enrollment, resulting in an increase in the number of people interested in pursuing a career in nursing. In turn, improved remuneration leads to increased demand for the profession, which in turn leads to more funding. In addition, extending the retirement age for nurses and faculty members would ensure that nurses who are currently working in the health care industry stay in the field for a more extended period of time, thereby decreasing the overall rate at which nurses are leaving the area (Drennan & Ross, 2019). Nurse turnover will reduce as the working environment improves, which will result in a reduction in the nursing shortage consequently (Fraher and Brandt, 2019). If the organization follows these procedures, our healthcare organization’s nurse shortage problem will be resolved.
References
Bagley, K., Hoppe, L., Brenner, G. H., & Weir, M. (2018). Transition to nursing faculty: Exploring the barriers. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 13(4), 263-267.
Broome, M. E., & Marshall, E. S. (2020). Transformational Leadership: Complexity, Change, and Strategic Planning. Transformational Leadership in Nursing: From Expert Clinician to Influential Leader, 35.
Drennan, V. M., & Ross, F. (2019). Global nurse shortages: The facts, the impact, and action for change. British medical bulletin, 130(1), 25-37.
Fraher, E., & Brandt, B. (2019). Toward a system where workforce planning and interprofessional practice and education are designed around patients and populations, not professions. Journal of interprofessional care, 33(4), 389-397.
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Journal (1 page) Describe the topic and aim of your Personal Improvement Project. Explain why this improvement area is important to you and what you expect to gain from the data you will collect.
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Solution
Topic Selection: Personal Improvement Project
The selected topic for Personal Improvement Project is childhood and adolescence overweight and obesity. This topic has been preferred following a dramatic increase in overweight and obesity among adolescents in the United States and worldwide. In individuals aged 19 years and below, overweight is described as having BMI above 85th percentile but less than 95th percentile. On the other hand, being obese in this patient population is considered a BMI above the 95th percentile. Children and adolescent obesity are associated with nutrition and lifestyle. According to Sanyaolu et al. (2019), most industrious countries have reported epidemic proportions in childhood and adolescence overweight and obesity, making the issue a significant health care concern.
This improvement area is essential to me since it will enable me to manage overweight and obesity among children and adolescents, thus preventing them from other health complications and high mortality rates associated with these conditions. Obesity among children and adolescents increases the risk of chronic disease in adulthood. The most prevalent comorbid conditions for obesity are cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), gastrointestinal disorders, muscular and joint disorders, psychological issues, and respiratory problems (Fruh, 2017). Additionally, overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are major risk factors for premature mortality in adulthood (Umer et al., 2017).
I expect to learn various aspects of childhood and adolescence overweight and obesity from the collected data. Particularly, I will learn about the risk factors, comorbidities, and management of overweight and obesity. I will use the acquired knowledge to educate children and teenagers diagnosed with overweight or obesity to enhance the management of their condition, resulting in weight loss in the long run.
References
Fruh, S. M. (2017). Obesity: Risk factors, complications, and strategies for sustainable long?term weight management. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 29(S1), S3-S14.
Sanyaolu, A., Okorie, C., Qi, X., Locke, J., & Rehman, S. (2019). Childhood and adolescent obesity in the United States: a public health concern. Global pediatric health, 6, 2333794X19891305.
Umer, A., Kelley, G. A., Cottrell, L. E., Giacobbi, P., Innes, K. E., & Lilly, C. L. (2017). Childhood obesity and adult cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC public health, 17(1), 1-24.
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In many realms of medicine, objective diagnoses can be made: A clavicula is broken. Infection is present. TSH levels meet the diagnostic criteria for hypothyroidism. Psychiatry, on the other hand, deals with psychological phenomena and behaviors. Can these, too, be “defined objectively and by scientific criteria (Gergen, 1985), or are they social constructions?” (Sadock et al., 2015).
Thanks to myriad advances during recent decades, we know that psychopathology is caused by many interacting factors. Theoretical and clinical contributions to the field have come from the neural sciences, genetics, psychology, and social-cultural sciences. How do these factors impact the expression, classification, diagnosis, and prevalence of psychopathology, and why might it be important for a nurse practitioner to take a multidimensional, integrative approach?
To Prepare:
Review this week’s Learning Resources, considering the many interacting factors that contribute to the development of psychopathology.
Consider how the theoretical perspective on psychopathology impacts the work of the PMHNP.
Assignment:
Explain the biological (genetic and neuroscientific); psychological (behavioral and cognitive processes, emotional, developmental); and social, cultural, and interpersonal factors that influence the development of psychopathology.
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Solution
Factors That Influence the Development of Psychopathology
The biological basis of psychopathology argues that individuals are genetically predisposed to developing mental problems similar to those of their parents or family members. Qi et al. (2018) conducted research on teenagers between the ages of 15 and 21 and examined the connection between distress endurance and the ability to deal with anxiety in individuals. When it comes to distress endurance and anxiety, teenagers who potentially might have inherited features of depression and anxiety disorders in puberty have different characteristics. A total of 848 girls participated in the teenage epidemiology research, and those who experienced fewer anxiety attacks and no anxiety manifestations following reassessment had a greater capacity to handle mental distress, according to the findings of the research (Qi et al., 2021).
Psychopathology encompasses the ideals and conventions of a certain society. Psychological evaluations are an important part of the process of identifying mental disorders. There are a variety of evaluations present, including personality and cognitive evaluations, which may assist in the diagnosis of mental and personality impairments (Kaplan, 2016). For the efficient service of diversified cultural groups, it is critical to have a thorough understanding of their psychopathology and interplay (Cheung & Mak, 2018). Research has found and explained the knowledge of interpersonal, psychological, and emotional aspects of psychobiology. The cortico-limbic circuit, for instance, has been shown in imaging investigations to be a part of the brain that is involved in providing a substrate for adaptive behavioral and emotional responses. With the idea of intersectionality, individuals can better comprehend the many social factors that influence interpersonal functioning. These factors include gender and ethnicity, age; individuality; health; and discrimination.
References
Cheung, F. M., & Mak, W. W. (2018). Sociocultural factors in psychopathology. APA handbook of psychopathology: Psychopathology: Understanding, assessing, and treating adult mental disorders (Vol. 1), 127-147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000064-006
Kaplan, B. J. (2016). Kaplan and sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry. Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 58(1), 78-79. https://www.tijdschriftvoorpsychiatrie.nl/issues/497/articles/10744
Qi, J., Rappaport, L. M., Cecilione, J., Hettema, J. M., & Roberson-Nay, R. (2019). Differential associations of distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity with adolescent internalizing psychopathology. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 50(1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2019.1602838
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Topic 5 DQ 2- Developing Evidence-Based Interventions- Please see upload for full question.
QUESTION -TOPIC 5 DQ 2
Health teaching is one of the population-based interventions that can be implemented by public health nurses. Could you implement this intervention model for your chosen population? What would be the positive and negative aspects of utilizing this model?
CHOSEN POPULATION IS…..
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Solution
Health Teaching
Health teaching is an element of Population-based Intervention that helps the community acquire knowledge, skills and develop interest and positive attitudes to maintain healthy behaviors (Shahzad et al., 2019). These healthy behaviors involve personal hygiene, healthy eating behaviors, and awareness of diseases in the community (Doyle et al., 2018). Therefore, health teaching provides a secure platform for communities to understand the importance of maintaining good health and wellbeing among the Population and its impacts in the long run. This study discusses health teaching, the positive and negative effects of utilizing this model in my chosen Population.
Implementation of Health Teaching
I will probably implement this model among young girls and women in the community. I will use health teaching intervention to train and facilitate this population on the importance of maintaining personal hygiene to reduce the chances of having diseases such as urinary tract infections s and others, as they can lead to serious health complications. Even though it is an influential model, there are both advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
The model is easier to use and less costly. As a public nurse, I will have to study more on the topic to ensure I am familiar with the content for easier delivery, facilitation, and training. It is also manageable and effective because, through the model, the chosen Population can gain knowledge and skills, thus helping them change their mindset towards improving their health as a population. Its structured and organized manner enables the participants to understand the information provided and relate to it efficiently (Doyle et al., 2018).
Disadvantage
The model can be a bit hectic to use due to some content that might be a bit comprehensive to the community, making them have second thoughts on whether to trust the information. It can take some time before the community decides to implement the Intervention and follow the guidelines, thus taking too much time to be effective and sustainable (Doyle et al., 2018).
References
Doyle, E. I., Ward, S. E., & Early, J. (2018). The process of community health education and promotion. Waveland Press. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jody-Early/publication/328381619_The_Process_of_Health_Education_Promotion_3rd_Edition/links/5de6024d92851c83645d110c/The-Process-of-Health-Education-Promotion-3rd-Edition.pdf
Shahzad, M., Upshur, R., Donnelly, P., Bharmal, A., Wei, X., Feng, P., & Brown, A. D. (2019). A population-based approach to integrated healthcare delivery: a scoping review of clinical care and public health collaboration. BMC public health, 19(1), 1-15. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7002-z;