Nursing

Classmate Response (1) PUB 655-Topic DQ 1- Reproductive Health And Nutrition (Please see upload for question and classmate’s essay)
This order is for a response to a classmate’s post. I have uploaded the question and the classmate’s essay that requires a response
Respond to the classmate essay by-
1. sharing an insight to the question and asking a probing question.
2. Also add other points related to the topic.
3. offering and supporting an opinion from this classmate’s essay- Please elaborate on the point the classmate made on how “Breastfeeding has impacted Kenya’s fertility rate”
4. please elaborate on one or two points from the classmate’s essay. Please do not just re-write what the classmate wrote.
5. validating an idea
6. making a suggestion
-Please use your own words and do not copy what she wrote
– Sources must be published within the last 5 years. It must be from 2017 and after and appropriate for the paper criteria and public health content.
– Please do not use blogs as references
-References should be in APA 7th ed.
-Add references to reference page
-Add the hyperlink/DOI for each reference in APA 7th edition format.
Thank you.
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Solution
Response
Greetings, I want to thank you for your consideration in participating in the discussion. Your interest in contributing is remarkable and highly recognized as you have dwelt directly on the topic. Your post is grammatically structured with good comprehension flow and insightful views that help the reader or examiner understand the main purpose of the discussion. I will only add a few points regarding the post and make a few remarks. Many developing countries and even low-income countries have emulated the fertility control rate since 1960-2013. The total fertility rate was seen to reduce from 5 children per woman to 2 (De Silva & Tenreyro,2017). Most countries have experienced low total fertility rates beyond replacement.
Breastfeeding is essential to both mothers and their babies. It is recommended for six months to reduce the chances of respiratory infections among babies in Kenya (Talbert et al., 2020). Despite its positive outcomes in babies, it has impacted the fertility rates in Kenya, especially in rural regions of the Country. In Sub-Saharan Africa, adolescent pregnancies are higher compared to other developing countries. This increases the chances for lactating mothers to focus on breastfeeding, which boosts their immunity in having other babies. On the other hand, Latin America’s low fertility rates are exhibited by the high use of contraceptives, especially by the adolescent group and those in the education programs who would not possibly want to have babies any time soon. Therefore, contraceptive prevalence rates are higher, reducing the number of those breastfeeding in the Country.
Japan is considered a high-income country with a low fertility rate despite the high contraceptive prevalence rates. This is because the fertility rate was higher before the control interventions were implemented, and the group is currently old age, thus cannot be reversed. The young group is focused on taking care of the old age group, and the young men aged 26 years are highly focused on searching for employment and not necessarily getting into marriage. The changing roles have also contributed to the low fertility rates in Japan. Women are engaged in demanding jobs that reduce their chances of settling down and getting married, hence delays or late births.
References
De Silva, T., & Tenreyro, S. (2017). Population control policies and fertility convergence. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(4), 205-28. https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.31.4.205
Talbert, A., Jones, C., Mataza, C., Berkley, J. A., & Mwangome, M. (2020). Exclusive breastfeeding in first-time mothers in rural Kenya: a longitudinal observational study of feeding patterns in the first six months of life. International breastfeeding journal, 15(1), 1-9. https://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13006-020-00260-5

NRNP 6660: Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Role I: Child and Adolescent
Week 5
Week 5: Anxiety Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence
“I don’t know why everyone is worried that I don’t want to go out with my friends anymore. I just like to stay home. There is nothing wrong with that. I go to school and get good grades, but I don’t know what to say to those other girls in my class. They ask why I can’t go to the mall with them on the weekend and I get all embarrassed. They don’t understand that I don’t know what to say to them. When I do say something, it is always wrong, or they laugh. I can just stay home and read my books.”
Emma, age 15
Anxiety disorders that plague many individuals in adulthood often have their origins in childhood and adolescence. By identifying those children and adolescents with anxiety disorders, the PMHNP can intervene and teach skills that the client can use to control anxiety throughout his or her life.
This week, you analyze case studies to determine the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders.
Learning Resources
Required Readings
American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP). (2012a). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(1), 98–113. Retrieved from http://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(11)00882-3/pdf
American Nurses Association. (2014). Psychiatric-mental health nursing: Scope and standards of practice (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Standard 8 “Education” (pages 69-70)
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
“Anxiety Disorders”
McClelland, M., Crombez, M., Crombez, C., Wenz, C., Lisius, M., Mattia, A., & Marku, S. (2015). Implications for advanced practice nurses when pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is suspected: A qualitative study. Journal of Pediatric Healthcare, 29(5), 442-452. doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.03.005
Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
Chapter 31, “Child Psychiatry” (pp. 1253–1268)
Stahl, S. M. (2014). Prescriber’s Guide: Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology (5th ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Note: All Stahl resources can be accessed through the Walden Library using the link. This link will take you to a login page for the Walden Library. Once you log in to the library, the Stahl website will appear.
To access information on the following medications, click on The Prescriber’s Guide, 5th Ed. tab on the Stahl Online website and select the appropriate medication.
Review the following medications:
Generalized anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder
alprazolam
citalopram
desvenlafaxine
duloxetine
escitalopram
fluoxetine
fluvoxamine
mirtazapine
paroxetine
pregabalin
sertraline
tiagabine (adjunct)
venlafaxine
citalopram
clonidine
desvenlafaxine
escitalopram
fluoxetine
fluvoxamine
isocarboxazid
moclobemide
paroxetine
phenelzine
pregabalin
sertraline
tranylcypromine
venlafaxine
Obsessive-compulsive disorder Panic disorder
citalopram
clomipramine
escitalopram
fluoxetine
fluvoxamine
paroxetine
sertraline
venlafaxine
vilazodone
alprazolam
citalopram
clonazepam
desvenlafaxine
escitalopram
fluoxetine
fluvoxamine
isocarboxazid
lorazepam
mirtazapine
nefazodone
paroxetine
phenelzine
pregabalin
reboxetine
sertraline
tranylcypromine
venlafaxine
Note: Many of these medications are FDA approved for adults only. Some are FDA approved for disorders in children and adolescents. Many are used “off label” for the disorders examined in this week. As you read the Stahl drug monographs, focus your attention on FDA approvals for children/adolescents (including “ages” for which the medication is approved, if applicable) and further note which drugs are “off label.”
Required Media
Laureate Education (Producer). (2017c). Anxiety disorder, ODC, or something else? [Multimedia file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
YMH Boston. (2013b, May 22). Vignette 3 – Asking about depression in a preventive services visit [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TO8aITpMG5E
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 3 minutes.
YMH Boston. (2013d, May 22). Vignette 5 – Assessing for depression in a mental health appointment [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gm3FLGxb2ZU
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 3 minutes.
Optional Resources
Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (2015). Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell.
Chapter 60, “Anxiety Disorders” (pp. 822–840)
Chapter 61, “Obsessive Compulsive Disorder” (pp. 841–857)
Assignment: Decision Tree (Due in Week 7)
For this Assignment, as you examine the client case study in this week’s Learning Resources, consider how you might assess and treat pediatric clients presenting symptoms of a mental health disorder.
Learning Objectives
Students will:
Evaluate clients for treatment of mental health disorders
Analyze decisions made throughout diagnosis and treatment of clients with mental health disorders
The Assignment:
Examine Case 2: You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the diagnosis and treatment for this client. Be sure to consider co-morbid physical as well as mental factors that might impact the client’s diagnosis and treatment.
At each Decision Point, stop to complete the following:
Decision #1: Differential Diagnosis
Which Decision did you select?
Why did you select this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
What were you hoping to achieve by making this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #1 and the results of the Decision. Why were they different?
Decision #2: Treatment Plan for Psychotherapy
Why did you select this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
What were you hoping to achieve by making this Decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #2 and the results of the Decision. Why were they different?
Decision #3: Treatment Plan for Psychopharmacology
Why did you select this Decision?
Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
What were you hoping to achieve by making this Decision?
Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #3 and the results of the decision.
Why were they different?
Also include how ethical considerations might impact your treatment plan and communication with clients and their families.
Note: Support your rationale with a minimum of three academic resources. While you may use the course text to support your rationale, it will not count toward the resource requirement.

Discussion: The Influence of Mission and Vision on Planning
As you read the following mission statements, think about what you might deduce about each organization:
“To transform the nation’s health through the power of pursing” (American Nurses Association)
“The American Red Cross prevents and alleviates human suffering in the face of emergencies by mobilizing the power of volunteers and the generosity of donors.” (American Red Cross)
“The mission of Southwest Airlines is dedication to the highest quality of Customer Service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and Company Spirit.” (Southwest Airlines)
“To inspire hope and contribute to health and well-being by providing the best care to every patient through integrated clinical practice, education and research” (Mayo Clinic)
Photo Credit: Getty Images
“To exploit technical innovations for the benefit of military medicine by developing, demonstrating and integrating across a variety of technology portfolios, including telehealth, medical simulation and training, health IT, medical robotics, command and control, computational biology and mobile solutions” (Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center or TATRC)
“Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful.” (Google)
An organization’s mission describes its core purpose. In partnership with the organization’s vision, which communicates a future-focused direction, the mission provides a basis for planning and decision making at all levels of the organization. For this Discussion, you compare mission and vision statements from multiple organizations and consider how these statements relate to planning.
To prepare:
Review the information related to the planning hierarchy and mission and vision statements in this week’s Learning Resources.
Research the mission and vision statements of three different types of organizations: a for-profit healthcare organization, a not-for-profit healthcare organization, and an organization outside of healthcare. As you examine the organizations’ mission and vision statements, consider the following:
How effectively do the mission statements articulate the organization’s purpose?
How effectively do the vision statements reflect future aims?
Do the mission and vision statements convey who (which groups) the organizations serve? Do they indicate obligations to various stakeholders?
Are the statements an appropriate length?
What do you glean about how leaders in healthcare and in other industries envision and convey mission and vision?
What do you discern about the interdisciplinary nature of crafting mission and vision statements by looking across organizations, including those outside of healthcare?
Identify key insights you have gained by comparing the mission and vision statements of these three organizations.
Consider how an organization’s mission and vision relate to the planning hierarchy. For each organization you have selected, think about how the mission and vision could or should influence planning. What elements of each mission and vision stand out as especially significant?
By Day 3
Post a comparison of the mission and vision statements of the three organizations selected. Explain how specific elements of each organization’s mission and vision statements might inform planning in that organization. Include references/links for the organizations’ mission and vision statements in your post.
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Solution
The Influence of Mission and Vision on Planning
Organizations develop vision and mission statements to help them work out their organizational strategy. The discussion post compares Tenet Healthcare Corporation, Mayo Clinic, and Southwest Airlines’ vision and mission statements: for-profit healthcare organization, a not-for-profit healthcare organization, and an organization outside of healthcare, respectively.
Tenet Healthcare Corporation serves as both a for-profit and not-for-profit organization; its vision is to deliver the best, timely and better environment for its workers, saving lives and patient being their main priority (Tenet Health, 2021). Consecutively, the organization’s mission is to ensure that the community they serve receives compassionate and quality care. From the healthcare vision and mission, it is evident that during planning, they have to ensure that their projects will provide their employees and patient with a better environment to work and recuperate, respectively.
Mayo Clinic is a non-profit healthcare facility whose mission is to inspire hope and contribute to the patients’ well-being and health by ensuring that every patient receives better care through education, research, and clinical practices (Mayo Clinic, 2021). For their vision, Mayo Clinic uses the healthcare facility as a chance to offer an unparalleled experience to its patients for being a trustable healthcare partner. The Mayo Clinic mission and vision are essential since, during planning, the organization management will always aim at creating a people-centered environment to improve their patients’ experience.
Southwest Airlines is an organization whose service is in the airline industry. The organization’s mission is to ensure that its customers connect to what they value by ensuring that its services are reliable, friendly, and low cost (Gupta, 2020). The organization’s vision is to raise its competitive bar by being the most profitable, efficient and loved airline. During planning, the management has to ensure that they put their client first to succeed in their business.
Conclusion
Tenet Health Corporation, Mayo Clinic, and Southwest Airlines’ mission and vision revolve around similar goals and objectives to ensure that they offer people-centric services during planning.
References
Gupta, S. (February 2, 2020). Southwest Airlines: Vision, Mission, Values, and Philosophy. Business Strategy Hub. https://bstrategyhub.com/southwest-airlines-vision-mission-values-philosophy-2020/
Mayo Clinic (2021). Mission, Vision and Value Statements. Mayo Clinic Healthcare System. https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/eau-claire/about-us/mission-vision-and-value-statements
Tenet Health (2021). A Community Build on Care. https://www.tenethealth.com/about/our-mission-vision-and-values

Healthy nutrition, promoting physical activity, and prevention of obesity
Health Care and Life Sciences: Nursing | Coursework
Social Media Campaign
Note: The “CDCynergy” web link provided in the web links section below may be useful in completing your social media campaign. The use of this web link is optional, i.e., not required.
B. Write your community health nursing diagnosis statement.
1. Explain how the health concern from your community health nursing diagnostic statement is linked to a health inequity or health disparity within the target population.
a. Discuss the primary community resources and primary prevention resources currently in place to address the health concern.
b. Discuss the underlying causes of the health concern.
2. Discuss the evidence-based practice associated with the Field Experience topic.
a. Identify data about the selected Field Experience topic from the local (e.g., county), state, and/or national level.
C. Develop a community health nursing social media campaign strategy that will convey your health message and address the Field Experience topic by doing the following:
1. Describe your social media campaign objective.
2. Recommend two population-focused social marketing interventions and justify how each would improve the health message related to your selected Field Experience topic.
3. Describe a social media platform you would use that is appropriate for communicating with the target population.
a. Discuss the benefits of the selected social media platform in supporting preventative healthcare.
4. Discuss how the target population will benefit from your health message.
D. Describe best practices for implementing social media tools for health marketing.
E. Create a social media campaign implementation plan by doing the following:
1. Describe stakeholder roles and responsibilities in implementing the plan.
2. Discuss potential public and private partnerships that could be formed to aid in the implementation of your campaign.
3. Create a specific timeline for implementing your campaign.
4. Explain how you will evaluate the effectiveness of the campaign.
5. Discuss the costs of implementing your campaign.
F. Reflect on how social media marketing supports the community health nurse’s efforts to promote healthier populations.
1. Reflect on how your social media campaign could apply to your future nursing practice.
G. Acknowledge sources, using in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased or summarized.
H. Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.
Template for the paper:
(B) Community Health Nursing Diagnosis Statement
Format:
Increased risk of (identification of health problem or risk) among (affected aggregate or community) related to (etiological to causal statement) as demonstrated by (evidence or support for diagnosis).
Example:
Community Health Nursing Diagnosis: Social Isolation of the Elderly: Increased risk of social isolation among the elderly population of XYZ county (your county or city) related to lack of social activities due to the current pandemic as demonstrated by above-average depression rates among the elderly.
(B1) Health Inequity/Disparity
For the section on health inequities/disparities, you will identify imbalances of service within your community and provide data to support these imbalances or inequities. Think about your general population and populations at risk related to your health concern. For health disparity, you will explain why your target population is more at risk, of being left out, or in need of attention compared to other groups. For example, from your Field Experience did you identify any vulnerable populations of the community who were at a disadvantage for services? Were insurance, access to services, income, location, and lack of understanding contribute to some individuals not receiving higher levels of resources? You will back up your findings with data from your community. The data can include statistics supporting poverty levels, transportation services, insurance or lack of insurance, organizations available to community members, etc.……
(B1a) Primary community and Prevention Resources
In this section, you will discuss the significant resources you found in your community during the field experience to support the prevention/promotion of health concerns.
(B1b) Underlying Causes
Accurately and logically discuss the underlying causes that contribute to the selected primary health concern. (This may be similar to the information you included in section B1).
(B2) Evidence-Based Practice
Logically and appropriately include evidence-based practice article(s) relevant to the selected primary prevention field experience topic. Look for 1 or more articles that provide evidence for strategies, best practices, or guidelines that have been used to improve the problem within communities
This is not a section to discuss the reason for the problem in your community. Instead, you should consult the best practices (EBP) for the prevention/promotion of health concerns. Discuss and in-text cite and reference scholarly journal article(s) to support the practices for the primary prevention topic.
(B2a) Identification of Data
In this section include relevant data relating to the selected field experience topics at the local, state, or national level and discuss your findings. This should include supportive data that your prevention topic is a true problem in your community.
(C1) Social Media Campaign Objective
The description presents a measurable objective of what you hope to accomplish to improve the health concern of your population using the social media campaign.
Components of the social media campaign objective should include
• improving what,
• for whom (target population)
• by what percent
• in what time frame.
(C2) Social Marketing Interventions
Provide 2 specific population-focused social marketing interventions to aid in meeting your objective in section C1. Describe how each intervention would improve the health message related to the selected field experience topic.
(C3) Description of Social Media Platform
Describe applications you will use to implement your interventions (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Blogs, Snapchat, Instagram and others) that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking (electronic dissemination of ideas).
(C3a) Benefits of Social Media Platforms
Discuss how each platform will support preventative healthcare in your target population for your identified health problem.
(C4) Benefit to Target Population
You will Discuss how your target population will benefit from the social media campaign. Discuss how your target population would benefit from using social media to receive the health care message.
(D) Best Practices for Social Media
Discuss the general principles for best practice in implementing all types of social media tools for healthcare marketing.
(E1) Stakeholder Roles and Responsibilities
A stakeholder is someone who has an interest in the health problem and whose support is required for the social media campaign to be successful. Stakeholders have a special connection to you and your involvement in the prevention of the health problem Identify the role and responsibilities for each stakeholder
• They are or could be affected by the social media campaign
• They are interested in how the social media campaign will impact them
• They may know what you need to know for the campaign to be successful
• Points of view from the community perspective
• Communicates your message (e.g. Advertises your campaign)
(E2) Potential Public and Private Partnerships
Partners have a working relationship with you and collaborate in an official capacity on the social media campaign. Discuss potential public partnerships relative to implementing your campaign (Public partners are comprised of organizations that are owned and operated by the government and exist to provide services for a community (e.g. law enforcement, healthcare agencies, emergency medical service (EMS), schools). Discuss potential private partnerships relative to implementing your campaign (Private partners is usually composed of an organization that is privately owned and not part of the government (e.g. businesses, independently owned institutions, grocery stores).
Partners:
• are interested in fulfilling their role in the campaign and staying informed
• they work together with you to benefit everyone involved
• help to solve problems by seizing opportunities or sharing resources
(E3) Timeline
Discuss in detail the timeline with dates (week 1, week 2, etc.) for implementing the campaign.
Consider benchmarks (time points) from the planning phase to the evaluation phase.
(E4) Evaluation
Explain how you will evaluate the effectiveness of meeting your measurable objective for the social media campaign. Include a measurement tool.
(E5) Cost of Implementing the Campaign
Discuss the estimated direct/indirect costs of planning, implementing, and evaluating your campaign.
(F) Reflection on Social Media Marketing
Reflect on how the community health nurse can use social media marketing to promote healthier populations (provide one or more examples).
(F1) Reflection on Future Nursing Practice
Reflect on how you can apply a social media campaign to your future nursing practice (provide one or more examples).
No limit on the number of pages as long as all the information is covered.

Application and interpretation of Public Data-TOPIC 5 DQ 2-
QUESTION-TOPIC 5 DQ 2
When analyzing public health data, describe the steps you would take to determine what statistical test to conduct. Discuss the impact of data type on test selection.
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Solution
Statistical Tests
Statistical tests are the methods used in testing a hypothesis in research. Different statistical tests can be used in analyzing public health data. However, it is crucial to consider some steps in choosing the most suitable statistical method to enhance effectiveness while analyzing public health data. Therefore, this study focuses on the steps to consider and the impact of data type on test selection.
Steps in Choosing a Statistical Test
All the statistical test plays a crucial role in improving research work, especially in public health data. Deciding on the right statistical test to use sometimes can be a difficult decision to make, especially for researchers (Beath & Jones, 2018). The statistical test needs to be conducted correctly to avoid misleading or errors in the research work. The following are some of the steps I will consider to decide on the statistical test to conduct. First, I will have to be specific in the question that I am asking to develop a hypothesis (Mishra et al., 2019). Then decide if the question is a null hypothesis or not by testing it based on the statistical null or alternate hypothesis. Next, I will verify the variables available in the formed question of the study and define those appropriate variables (Mishra et al., 2019). If the statistical hypothesis value tested is true, it will be automatically rejected, thus leading to significant results. Therefore, determining the appropriate test will depend on the aim, objectives and plan of the study.
Impact of Data Type on Test Selection
The application of statistical tests varies on data types. Data on test selection is crucial in determining the methods for collecting data. For instance, nominal, discrete and ordinal data use non-parametric methods while continuous data use parametric methods (Trajkovski, 2016). It becomes easier to analyze data after test selection, thus summarizing most study concepts and frameworks. Conducting the right statistical test can help in improving the public health data, especially on the epidemiological study. Therefore, finding solutions for various public health problems.
References
Beath, A., & Jones, M. P. (2018). Guided by the research design: choosing the right statistical test. The Medical journal of Australia, 208(4), 163-165. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.5694/mja17.00422
Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Keshri, A., & Sabaretnam, M. (2019). Selection of appropriate statistical methods for data analysis. Annals of cardiac anaesthesia, 22(3), 297. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6639881/
Trajkovski, V. (2016). How to select appropriate statistical tests in scientific articles. Journal of Special Education and Rehabilitation. https://repository.ukim.mk/bitstream/20.500.12188/811/1/01.%28str.5-28%29Vladimir-Trajkovski.pdf

NURS 6521 Advanced Pharmacology, medule 1, week 1, Assignment: Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs HV
Assignment: Ethical and Legal Implications of Prescribing Drugs
What type of drug should you prescribe based on your patient’s diagnosis? How much of the drug should the patient receive? How often should the drug be administered? When should the drug not be prescribed? Are there individual patient factors that could create complications when taking the drug? Should you be prescribing drugs to this patient? How might different state regulations affect the prescribing of this drug to this patient?
These are some of the questions you might consider when selecting a treatment plan for a patient.
Photo Credit: Getty Images/Caiaimage
As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you are held accountable for people’s lives every day. Patients and their families will often place trust in you because of your position. With this trust comes power and responsibility, as well as an ethical and legal obligation to “do no harm.” It is important that you are aware of current professional, legal, and ethical standards for advanced practice nurses with prescriptive authority. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the treatment plans and administration/prescribing of drugs is in accordance with the regulations of the state in which you practice. Understanding how these regulations may affect the prescribing of certain drugs in different states may have a significant impact on your patient’s treatment plan. In this Assignment, you explore ethical and legal implications of scenarios and consider how to appropriately respond.
To Prepare
Review the Resources for this module and consider the legal and ethical implications of prescribing prescription drugs, disclosure, and nondisclosure.
Review the scenario assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
Search specific laws and standards for prescribing prescription drugs and for addressing medication errors for your state or region, and reflect on these as you review the scenario assigned by your Instructor.
Consider the ethical and legal implications of the scenario for all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible decision-making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose any medication errors.
By Day 7 of Week 1
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
Explain the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved, such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and patient’s family.
Describe strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure as identified in the scenario you selected. Be sure to reference laws specific to your state.
Explain two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario, including whether you would disclose your error. Be sure to justify your explanation.
Explain the process of writing prescriptions, including strategies to minimize medication errors.
Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The College of Nursing Writing Template with Instructions provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general#s-lg-box-20293632). All papers submitted must use this formatting.
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Solution

Nursing Theory, APA
Please use the Order Rough Draft Paper to complete this assignment
With the rough draft of your nursing comparison paper due this week, a focused review of the basics of APA Style is important. After you have reviewed the APA guidelines, share something you learned with your peers. Also, attach examples from your rough draft that include both an in-text citation you used when you were paraphrasing and one you used when you were directly quoting. In addition, attach the reference page from your rough draft so that you can review each other’s work and provide peer-to-peer feedback.
Title Page Information Appears at the Top Half of the Page (Replace this with your title)
Your Name Here
University Name
Course Number: Course Name
Instructor’s Name
Due Date
Abstract
The abstract should be a single paragraph in block format (without paragraph indentation). Abstracts should not exceed 250 words maximum. Include an abstract only if your instructor or assignment specifically states an abstract is required. This is because a student paper is typically short and not intended for publication.
Keywords: formatting, style, APA 7th edition
Title of Paper Here
The purpose of this paper is to provide an example of a paper formatted to the American Psychological Association (APA) 7th edition standards. Included herein are formatting tips for document layout, general writing tips, and style considerations. Very basic writing fundamentals are included, covering topics from how to start a writing project to paragraph formulation and proofreading.
The first section of the paper is called the introduction, yet the paper does not have a heading that is labeled introduction. Instead, the title of the paper should be typed at the top of the first page (be sure to center the title, but put it in bold). In this section, you would start with an introductory paragraph and thesis statement. A well-written essay is similar to a trip. The introduction section is the planning stage where you determine the place, time, and method of travel. You might also include the order of the trip and stages of travel.
Title Page
The title page of this paper is properly formatted to APA 7th edition standards. It includes all necessary information, identifying the title of the paper, the author (student), and the university, course number and title, instructor, and due date (APA, 2020). Do not be tempted to dress up the paper by using larger typeface or boldface for emphasis, or by using borders on your title page. No artwork is permitted. Please do not use report covers, plastic binders, or envelopes to present your paper. A single staple in the top left corner is sufficient.
Formatting
Appearance Elements of Formatting
The typeface you are reading is double-spaced with extra spaces before and after paragraphs removed, and the font is 12-point Times New Roman. 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, 11-point Georgia, and 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode are also acceptable in APA 7th edition formatting (APA, 2020). Be sure you use the same font throughout the text of the paper. Ask your instructor if a specific font is required. Instructors are wise to the tricks of using larger type fonts (or smaller ones) and spacing gimmicks in order to meet the minimum or maximum page requirements for assignments. Do not use tricks to compensate for too little or too much writing in your assignments.
Other appearance elements are margins, page numbering, and indenting. One-inch margins are required in APA style papers. The header for a student paper only includes a page number in the upper-right corner of the page (Paul et al., 2020, Chapter 4). Speak with your instructors regarding if a running head is required for an assignment. If a running head is required, it should be an abbreviated version of the title, not to exceed 50 characters including letters, punctuation, and spaces, and should be placed flush to the left on the same line as the page number (APA, 2020). There is exactly one space after each punctuation mark, except for periods at the end of a sentence, after which there are two spaces. The final consideration discussed related to appearance is paragraph indenting. Paragraphs are indented, 5 to 7 spaces or ½ inch.
Headings
Use APA formatted headings and subheadings to organize the sections of your paper and to help your reader transition from section to section. See section 2.27 and 2.28 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th edition) for more information on heading levels. A suggestion is to use headings that are in the order of the assignment and evaluation criteria or rubric so your instructor can easily see you have fulfilled each part of the assignment’s content requirements.
Subheadings
There are five levels of heading in APA Style. Level 1 is the highest or main level of heading, Level 2 is a subheading of Level 1, Level 3 is a subheading of Level 2, and so on through Levels 4 and 5. The first level of subheadings is formatted flush left, boldface, uppercase, and lowercase lettering (West Coast University, 2021).
Citations
Source material must be documented in the body of the paper by citing the authors and dates of the sources, even if the idea presented is not taken word for word. The full source citation will appear on the references page. When the names of the authors of a source are part of the formal structure of the sentence, such as the narrative of the paper, the year of the publication appears in parenthesis following the identification of the authors, for example, Stevens and Duque, (2019). When the authors of a source are not part of the formal structure of the sentence, both the authors and years of publication appear in parentheses, separated by semicolons, for example (Mandernach et al., 2016; APA, 2020, p. 263).
When citing a source with one or two authors, make sure to cite the author’s or both author’s names every time the source is referenced. When a source has three or more authors, only the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” is used in the in-text citation unless doing so could create confusion (Mandernach et al., 2016).
When a direct quotation is used, include the author, year, and page number as part of the citation. A quotation of fewer than 40 words should be enclosed in double quotation marks and incorporated into the formal structure of the sentence. A longer quote of 40 or more words should appear (without quotation marks) in block format with each line indented ½ inch from the left margin. See Chapter 8 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th edition) for more information on in-text citations.
Writing Tips
Good writing demands attention to style considerations, including language, grammar, and usage. Your message is lost on the reader if your paper includes errors in word choice, grammar, and usage that interrupt the flow of your writing. It is important to present yourself, your ideas and research as professionally as possible. See Chapter 4 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th edition) for more information on writing style and grammar.
Conclusion
Always end with a conclusion where you summarize your paper and repeat the primary points. Remember that a well-written essay is like planning a trip. The introduction is the planning stage; the body is the journey. The conclusion allows the opportunity to reflect on where the journey has taken you. This is similar to reviewing the pictures you took on your trip and remembering the important places and experiences.
References
Entries are organized alphabetically and formatted with a hanging indention. Include only the sources you cited in the text of your paper.
American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000
Mandernach, B., Zafonte, M., & Taylor, C. (2016). Instructional strategies to improve college students’ APA Style writing. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 27(3), 407-412. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1093747
Paul, I., Ruegg, R., de Boer, M., Araki, N., & Agnello, M. F. (2020). The concise APA handbook: APA 7th edition: Vol. APA 7th edition. Information Age Publishing.
Stevens, J. R., & Duque, J. F. (2019). Order matters: Alphabetizing in-text citations biases citation rates. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 26(3), 1020–1026. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1532-8
West Coast University. (2021, March 22). APA help (7th edition). https://guides.westcoastuniversity.edu/apa
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Solution
APA Style
American Psychological Association style is a widely used academic writing format by many fields of studies. It helps organize the basics of writing concepts to enable the reader to analyze, examine and internalize the information being portrayed in the research with ease. This review focuses on the basics of APA style and its importance in comparing grand theory and middle-range theory that I was assigned.
Lessons Learnt
The APA styles have enhanced my writing skills, especially in structuring sentences. For instance, I have constructed grammatically correct sentences with good punctuations that improve the excellent flow of information through my entire research work, thus providing good clarity and easy navigation between the sentences. APA formatting has also helped me focus on scholarly sources for good quality ideas that help me understand the scope of my study and find the appropriate research guidelines to apply to enhance good performance in my projects.
The APA formatting has helped me derive critical ideas that can be used to write quality academic studies. There are ways of paraphrasing information from original scholarly studies. Based on the research paper I was working on, an example is in the first paragraph of the introduction. I rephrased the statement, ‘grand theories are broad and essential in organizing knowledge for studies, thus applicable in nursing practice (Hjørland, 2017).’
Another form of generating ideas from a scholarly article using the APA style is through direct quoting and ensuring that you cite the scholars to help the reader or professor identify that the information is secondary and not your personal information. For example, in the major concepts, assumptions, and relationships category on Patricia’s Novice to Expert theory. I directly quoted the words of the author: ‘Novice nurses can acquire skills and knowledge at the beginner level and can complete treatment requirements and assigned orders through the help of experienced nurses (Ozdemir, 2019).’
Attached are references from the draft copy
Hjørland, B. (2017). Theories are knowledge organizing systems (KOS). KO KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION, 42(2), 113-128. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Birger-Hjorland/publication/281676363_Theories_are_Knowledge_Organizing_Systems_KOS/links/5662edf108ae4931cd5ec16f/Theories-are-Knowledge-Organizing-Systems-KOS.pdf
Khademian, Z., Ara, F. K., & Gholamzadeh, S. (2020). The effect of self care education based on orem’s nursing theory on quality of life and self-efficacy in patients with hypertension: a quasi-experimental study. International journal of community based nursing and midwifery, 8(2), 140.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7153422/
McEwen, M., & Wills, E. M. (2017). Theoretical basis for nursing (5th ed.). LWW.https://dl.uswr.ac.ir/bitstream/Hannan/141162/1/9781496351203.pdf
Ozdemir, N. G. (2019). The development of nurses’ individualized care perceptions and practices: Benner’s novice to expert model perspective. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 12(2), 1279-1285. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nur-Gueven-Oezdemir/publication/335665343_The_Development_of_Nurses’_Individualized_Care_Perceptions_and_Practices_Benner’s_Novice_to_Expert_Model_Perspective/links/5d72b3d44585151ee4a14deb/The-Development-of-Nurses-Individualized-Care-Perceptions-and-Practices-Benners-Novice-to-Expert-Model-Perspective.pdf

Public health-655-Defining Poverty And Global Health -Topic 1 DQ 1-Please see upload for full question.
-The question will be uploaded
Please have the following headers when you answer the question
-The chosen statement selection
-Two Arguments
-Historical Event
– Sources must be published within the last 5 years. It must be from 2017 and after and appropriate for the paper criteria and public health content.
– Please do not use blogs as references
-References should be in APA 7th ed.
-Please make sure you add the in text citations
NO PLAGARISM
-Add references to reference page
-Add the hyperlink/DOI for each reference in APA 7th edition format.
Thank you
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Solution
The Chosen Statement Selection
Global health is a separate discipline requiring specific training and research methods. Global health is different from public, although some people consider the two to be synonymous. Public health is defined as art and science that focus on disease prevention, prolonging life, and health promotion through organized societal efforts. Education and research are major strategies in public health. Global health, on the other hand, refers to an area of study, practice, and research, which focuses on health improvement and achieving health equity (Claborn, 2018). Global health is different as it focuses on large-scale health inequities, which are deeply rooted in transnational determinants (Turcotte-Tremblay et al., 2020).
Two Arguments to Support the Selected Statement
One of the arguments is that global health comprises different branches of health sciences, and public health is one of them. According to Chen et al. (2020), global health comprises three branches of health sciences, including public health, medicine field, and international health, and requires a specialized discipline in academic societies, educational institutions, and research entities. Specific training and research methods, especially those related to other branches of health sciences, are therefore required in global health. Another argument is that global health requires a higher level of multidisciplinary collaboration compared to collaboration in public health, as the work of additional professionals outside the health science is included (Claborn, 2018). Such professionals include civil engineers, political scientists, and religious leaders.
One Historical Event That Is Important in How Global Health Is Understood Today and How That Event Supports the Argument
World War II is the most influential historical event which not only impacted how global health is understood but also the primary purpose of global health. The concept of global health appeared first in literature in 1940 due to the great and urgent need to have cross-national organizations mobilizing resources and coordinating activities for the fight against life-threatening diseases (Chen et al., 2020). The event supports the argument by showing how global health as a broader focus extends the national borders or issues with global impact.
References
Chen, X., Li, H., Lucero-Prisno, D. E., Abdullah, A. S., Huang, J., Laurence, C., … & Zou, Y. (2020). What is Global Health? Key Concepts and Clarification of Misperceptions. Global Health Research and Policy, 5(1), 1-8. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41256-020-00142-7
Claborn, D. M. (2018). Introductory Chapter: What Is Global Health? In Current Issues in Global Health. IntechOpen. https://www.intechopen.com/online-first/introductory-chapter-what-is-global-health-/
Turcotte-Tremblay, A. M., Fregonese, F., Kadio, K., Alam, N., & Merry, L. (2020). Global health is more than just ‘Public Health Somewhere Else’. BMJ Global Health, 5(5), e002545. https://gh.bmj.com/content/5/5/e002545.abstract

NURS – 6053N
Module 1: Healthcare Environment (Weeks 1-2)Assignment: Analysis of a Pertinent Healthcare Issue.
The Quadruple Aim provides broad categories of goals to pursue to maintain and improve healthcare. Within each goal are many issues that, if addressed successfully, may have a positive impact on outcomes. For example, healthcare leaders are being tasked to shift from an emphasis on disease management often provided in an acute care setting to health promotion and disease prevention delivered in primary care settings. Efforts in this area can have significant positive impacts by reducing the need for primary healthcare and by reducing the stress on the healthcare system.
Changes in the industry only serve to stress what has always been true; namely, that the healthcare field has always faced significant challenges, and that goals to improve healthcare will always involve multiple stakeholders. This should not seem surprising given the circumstances. Indeed, when a growing population needs care, there are factors involved such as the demands of providing that care and the rising costs associated with healthcare. Generally, it is not surprising that the field of healthcare is an industry facing multifaceted issues that evolve over time.
In this module’s Discussion, you reviewed some healthcare issues/stressors and selected one for further review. For this Assignment, you will consider in more detail the healthcare issue/stressor you selected. You will also review research that addresses the issue/stressor and write a white paper to your organization’s leadership that addresses the issue/stressor you selected.
To Prepare:
• Review the national healthcare issues/stressors presented in the Resources and reflect on the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected for the study.
• Reflect on the feedback you received from your colleagues on your Discussion post for the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected.
• Identify and review two additional scholarly resources (not included in the Resources for this module) that focus on change strategies implemented by healthcare organizations to address your selected national healthcare issue/stressor.
The Assignment (3-4 Pages):
Analysis of a Pertinent Healthcare Issue
Develop a 3- to 4-page paper, written to your organization’s leadership team, addressing your selected national healthcare issue/stressor and how it is impacting your work setting. Be sure to address the following:
• Describe the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected and its impact on your organization. Use organizational data to quantify the impact (if necessary, seek assistance from leadership or appropriate stakeholders in your organization).
• Provide a brief summary of the two articles you reviewed from outside resources on the national healthcare issue/stressor. Explain how the healthcare issue/stressor is being addressed in other organizations.
• Summarize the strategies used to address the organizational impact of national healthcare issues/stressors presented in the scholarly resources you selected. Explain how they may impact your organization both positively and negatively. Be specific and provide examples.
Looking Ahead
The paper you develop in Module 1 will be revisited and revised in Module 2. Review the Assignment instructions for Module 2 to prepare for your revised paper.
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Solution
Pertinent Healthcare Issue Analysis
Healthcare organizations have a moral and professional obligation to deliver quality care to patients and deserving populations. Healthcare organizations should be adequately resourced in staff, materials, and finances to achieve this goal. Workplace problems should be critically low to ensure that professional relationships are optimal as required. However, this vision for a healthy workplace is usually hypothetical due to increased workplace issues. Many issues are widespread to the extent of being national healthcare issues or stressors. This paper analyzes nurse burnout as a national healthcare issue adversely affecting organizational outcomes and effective interventions proposed in scholarly sources.
Nurse Burnout and Organizational Impacts
Optimal output for healthcare workers is vital to achieving the desired patient care levels. Nurse burnout is a leading hindrance due to its devastating effects on nurses’ physical, mental, and emotional health. From a health perspective, nurse burnout is manifested by a significant decline in nurses’ energy. Defining elements include emotional exhaustion, reduced motivation, and getting frustrated easily(Dall’Ora et al., 2020). Organizational culture, workplace relationships, and the effects of strain associated with patient care on nurses are leading causes. Unless nurses get appropriate support, they cannot guarantee quality care and patient safety as generally expected in practice.
The impacts of nurse burnout in the organization are weighty and detrimental to interprofessional collaboration and patient care. Nurse burnout seems to trigger workplace incivility. Frequent reports from progressive and summative performance reviews indicate that about 10-20 cases of workplace violence are triggered by emotional exhaustion. In the same case, 30%-40% of cases related to workplace disrespect are associated with physically and emotionally exhausted nurses. Other incivility issues, although minimal, linked with nurse burnout include silent treatment and social exclusion. Unless appropriate measures are applied, the problem could be unmanageable as time advances. Besides incivility, nurse burnout has been a leading cause of turnover. Approximately 15% of nurse turnover cases in the organization are associated with exhaustion to the extent that nurses cannot cope anymore.
The impacts of nurse burnout in the organization are overwhelming and require effective control. Its connection with workplace incivility implies a significant risk to healthy relationships, quality care, and nurse satisfaction. According to Dall’Ora et al. (2020), the persistence of workplace incivility leads to job dissatisfaction and communication problems. Other problems include psychological stress and a general decline in physical health. On the other hand, nurse turnover is challenging to manage from management, financial, and service quality dimensions (Samad et al., 2021). It prompts healthcare organizations to recruit new nurses to replace the lost workforce frequently. Such practices are dissatisfying and draining. They can be avoided by ensuring that nurses are in the right mental and physical states to commit to their routine mandate.
As the organization’s data reveals, nurse burnout is a threatening problem due to its multidimensional nature. It adversely affects nurses, patients, and the organization. On nurses, burnout exposes the current workforce to health and relationship problems. Besides the inevitable physical and emotional exhaustion, nurse burnout may affect nurses’ attitudes towards their work. They are likely to perceive it negatively and lack the necessary intrinsic motivation to be actively involved in care processes. Such nurses also lack the desire to optimize health outcomes. They cannot apply innovative strategies to maximize patient outcomes, affecting the overall quality of patient care and organizational output.
Nurse Burnout Review from Scholarly Sources
As a national healthcare concern, nurse burnout has attracted interest from many researchers in nursing and the general healthcare field. The research has explored nurse burnout from various dimensions, including prevention and strategies to reduce its impacts. One of the useful resources in addressing nurse burnout is an article by Zhang et al. (2020) on reducing burnout among physicians and nurses. The article explored how global healthcare organizations can use a bundled strategy to address nurse burnout. According to Zhang et al. (2020), nurse burnout cannot be effectively addressed via a single strategy due to its multifaceted nature. A bundled strategy including individual-focused, structural or organizational interventions and combined interventions is the most effective. The study is found on the premise that nurses and the management must work collaboratively to address burnout by eliminating individual, structural, and organizational problems causing burnout.
The other useful resource is an article by Brook et al. (2021) on reducing nurse burnout in a UK university. The explanatory sequential mixed-methods study focused on the interventions necessary to reduce burnout and increase nurse retention. The study’s primary finding was that nurse burnout is more mental than a physical problem. Nurses’ mental health is more affected than the physical aspect, implying that the most feasible interventions should focus on psychological skills and cognition. For instance, Brook et al. (2021) emphasized mindfulness and psychological skills training as effective strategies for nurse burnout. Outcomes can be improved by combining the strategies with cognitive realignment.
Summary of the Proposed Interventions and Practice Implications
The proposed interventions can be applied in the organization to reduce nurse burnout. Each strategy has positive and negative impacts. Regarding the bundled strategy, Zhang et al. (2020) explained that individual-focused strategies for addressing nurse burnout include self-care workshops, stress management skills, and mindfulness. Structural or organizational interventions include workload or schedule-rotation adjustments, enhanced teamwork and support, and communication training. Resilience training was also recommended. The leading positive impact of the bundled interventions is their multidimensional nature and comprehensiveness. They address nurses’ emotional, mental, and physical health problems underscoring their high chances of success. However, concurrently implementing these strategies can be expensive from managerial and financial dimensions.
As further proposed, the mental health of nurses should be a priority area when addressing nurse burnout. The organization should be consistently involved in performance enhancement while applying strategies that increase enjoyment and self-satisfaction. Such strategies include mindfulness and psychological skills training. On positive impacts, interventions focusing on improving mental health help create a happy, satisfied, and focused workforce. They are instrumental in enabling nurses to understand their role and execute it passionately. Similar interventions are needed in the organization. A happy and satisfied workforce is necessary to reduce incivility and promote cohesion. However, focusing too much on mental health may not address the problem comprehensively. It may trigger other issues if the physical and emotional health needs are not addressed.
Conclusion
Nurse burnout is a rampant healthcare concern affecting nurses, patients, and organizations adversely. It is characterized by physical and emotional exhaustion, where nurses cannot cope anymore. As a cause of workplace incivility and turnover in the organization, innovative and lasting solutions are necessary. As proposed in the articles, healthcare organizations should consider a bundled strategy. Interventions specific to nurses’ mental health are also effective in addressing nurse burnout. The choice of a strategy depends on the nature of the problem, intensity, and the organization’s ability.
References
Brook, J., Aitken, L. M., MacLaren, J. A., & Salmon, D. (2021). An intervention to decrease burnout and increase retention of early career nurses: a mixed methods study of acceptability and feasibility. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00524-9
Dall’Ora, C., Ball, J., Reinius, M., & Griffiths, P. (2020). Burnout in nursing: A theoretical review. Human resources for health, 18, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00469-9
Samad, A., Memon, S. B., & Maitlo, A. A. (2021). Workplace incivility and turnover intention among nurses of public healthcare system in Pakistan. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 12(5), 1394-1412. doi: 10.14807/ijmp.v12i5.1409
Zhang, X. J., Song, Y., Jiang, T., Ding, N., & Shi, T. Y. (2020). Interventions to reduce burnout of physicians and nurses: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicine, 99(26). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020992

Public health-655- Topic 8 DQ 1- Complex Emergencies (Please see upload for full question).
-The question will be uploaded
– Sources must be published within the last 5 years. It must be from 2017 and after and appropriate for the paper criteria and public health content.
– Please do not use blogs as references
-References should be in APA 7th ed.
-Please make sure you add the in text citations
NO PLAGARISM
-Add references to reference page
-Add the hyperlink/DOI for each reference in APA 7th edition format.
Thank you
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Solution
Complex Emergency
A complex emergency is a humanitarian crisis that mostly occurs in a country due to conflicts or wars within the regions (Stoddard et al., 2017). Globally, there has been an increase in complex emergencies that threaten people’s lives. Complex emergencies have led to high morbidity and mortality rates because of high transmission rates of infectious diseases (Ismail et al., 2018). These diseases occur due to poor sanitation, overcrowding of people in refugee camps, malnutrition issues, and low healthcare services, leading to increased mortality rates. This study discusses complex emergencies, the role of humanitarian actors, why commercial interest is a conflict, examples of a complex crisis and lessons learnt.
Role of Humanitarian Actors
The humanitarian crisis is associated with natural disasters and other complex emergencies resulting from the conflict. Humanitarian actors have contributed a lot to ensure that the crisis victims have the necessary needs to cope with the situation. Humanitarian actors like the nation, international, military, NGOs, and other non-state actors have a crucial role in ensuring that disaster relief is provided accordingly and equally to the affected people (Archer & Dodman, 2017). They also adhere to the international humanitarian laws and values by educating the population and contributing effectively to the development of social programs and health.
Commercial Interests as Public Health
Commercial interests are a conflict because most entities that provide or market these healthcare goods and services are usually run by unqualified health workers that have been offered job opportunities with low payments. This leads to medical errors and health complications for the patients. For example, in most situations, doctors and nurses might start their unlicensed pharmaceuticals to provide medication, hiring unqualified health workers hence endangering the people’s lives. This compromises the public health strategies of preventing diseases and improving quality of life through quality care.
Example of Complex Emergency and Lessons Learnt
The protected constant wars in Afghanistan have led to frequent humanitarian aid. Despite the continuous assistance, the humanitarian aid outcomes remain low due to poor infrastructure and protected violence (Stoddard et al., 2017). These wars have led to increased food insecurity and larger population displacement. Some of the lessons learnt from the Afghanistan wars originate from a poor healthcare system with untrained professionals that could not provide essential treatment to the injured soldiers during the war, leading to higher mortality rates. Therefore, a country that constantly faces complex emergencies should have highly trained and advanced practical health professionals to provide quality care, especially in trauma injuries.
References
Archer, D., & Dodman, D. (2017). The urbanization of humanitarian crises. Environment and urbanization, 29(2), 339-348.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0956247817722731
Ismail, M. B., Rafei, R., Dabboussi, F., & Hamze, M. (2018). Tuberculosis, war, and refugees: spotlight on the Syrian humanitarian crisis. PLoS pathogens, 14(6), e1007014. https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1007014
Stoddard, A., Jillani, S., Caccavale, J., Cooke, P., Guillemois, D., & Klimentov, V. (2017). Out of reach: how insecurity prevents humanitarian aid from accessing the neediest. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 6(1). https://www.stabilityjournal.org/articles/10.5334/sta.506/print/