Procedure & Evidence Class

300 words per question?????? Your main post must be supported (cite at least one source) using APA (1) in-text citations and (2) list of references. Remember you can borrow ideas or information from any place but must (a) summarize the information in your own words, and (b) cite your sources. None of our discussion questions can be answered in only one PARAGRAPH – each major thought or idea should ideally be discussed in a separate paragraph. Be sure to cover all parts of each question. Post as ONE file and please repeat each question and then write your response under it. You must space out your work so it is clear which part of the question you are answering at any point! Please respond to each of the following TWO QUESTIONS using at least 300 words per question. Write the number of WORDS used ONCE at the end of each of your two responses (two numbers only). Question #1: 1. What is probable cause? What are the three ways whereby probable cause is established? How does one differ from the other? What do you need probable cause to do in law enforcement? WHO IS A MAN OF REASONABLE CAUTION IN LAW? Question #2: 2. Define reasonable suspicion. For what purpose can it be used in law enforcement? Compare probable cause with reasonable suspicion – be detailed please. WHAT IS A “HUNCH” USED FOR IN LAW ENFORCEMENT?

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The Constitution

What are the powers granted to the president in the Constitution?  Should there be more or less presidential power and why? What are the non-constitutional sources of presidential power?  When were these sources of power first tapped? Relate this topic to a current event.

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Benefits Of Having A Police Agency

Background: To create a win–win situation for itself and the other governmental agencies serving the same jurisdiction, a police agency may act as a bridge or go-between for funding initiatives that a state agency or funding source awards to a community organization. Question: What can the police or police agencies do to create a better Win-Win situation with the community, such that it helps to increase trust between the police, and the community, resulting in lower crime, and higher reporting of crimes from the community? Requirements: Minimum Three Pages APA Format Title Page Introduction, Body, Conclusion (900 Words) References Davis, J. & Ortmeier, P.J. (2012). Police administration: A leadership approach. Retrieved from https://full-bookshelf.vitalsource.com/#/books/0077551974/cfi/67!/4/[email protected]:53.0

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Independence Of The Courts

Assignment: Should the federal judiciary in general and the Supreme Court in particular be subject to greater control (i.e., should it be less independent than it currently is)? Or, should judges retain their current degree of independence? Due September 3 by 9:15 AM

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Criminal Law And Procedures

Briefly explain the distinction between substantive law and procedural law.  Please cite sources used . it is a discussion topic so less than 275 words are needed as long as a paragraph explains the distinction between two. Monroea few seconds ago.What are the specific aims and purposes of the criminal law? To what extent does the criminal law control behavior? Do you believe that the law is too restrictive or not restrictive enough, why or why not? edit-  it will actually be 275 words i forgot there was another part added on to this which is typed up above

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Expanding The Rights Of States

One of the defining features of the United States is its Constitution. In an age when many were ruled by monarchs imbued with a “divine right” to lead, the Founders were keen to articulate that the U.S. government’s power would come from its citizens.  While a wonderful expression, in reality there were certain citizens whom the founders wished to exclude from politics, and what is more, certain powers that they felt only the states should be able exercise. Using chapters 2 and 3 of the course’s textbook, make an argument for or against expanding the rights of states.  Do you think the Constitution is clear in supporting your argument, or do you feel that you would need amend it?  Is there a policy issue that you think illustrates your point? In 2 – 4 pages (12pt font, double space, APA style) convince me of your argument for or against an expansion of state rights.   https://ccis.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781337671781/cfi/56!/4/2@100:0.00

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Powers Of Agencies

I’d like you to outline Wallace v. Bowen similar to how I’ve done in my lessons and respond to the following: Now that you have read and understand the three main powers of agencies (legislative, executive, and judicial), would you say that agencies are the hidden “fourth branch” of government as mentioned in the first chapter? What are the checks on agency power? In a time when Congress is so divided and compromise between the parties is difficult to achieve, should more power be handed over to the agencies, who are made up of experts in the field? Are a person’s rights being truly protected if only informal adjudication is required? Your outline of Wallace should have the following: Issue: What is the main question that the courts are answering in the case Rule: What logic does the court apply to the question Explanation: How does the court apply the rule to the issue/question Conclusion/Holding: What did the court conclude in regards to the question. This is not whether the court remands the case or affirms it, rather how did they answer the question.

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Economic And Social Conditions

This discussion board is for Week 3 readings. Please take a look in your syllabus on how you should respond to these questions. Your answers for the questions should be more than 250 words in total and you will need to respond to two classmates posts. Your answers to the following questions are due by September 9th, 2020 at 9am. According to Calavita, how does the economic and social conditions in a society affect the types of law in a society? Summarize the arguments of two philosophers’ views on why we have certain types of law (Marx, Foucault, Durkheim, etc.) Why is defining law a ‘tricky business’ (p. 24)? What do you think drives the types of laws we have in our society today? (Ex. economic system, religion, etc). Give an example

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Who Are Opinion Leaders?

Who are opinion leaders?  Could an agency or group be a leader?  Explain why or why not.  Why might typical individuals rely on the statements or positions of these opinion leaders in forming their own opinions?  What are the limits on how much these opinion leaders can control public opinion?  Relate this topic to a current event.  Discuss

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Public Service

How has the public support of government bureaucracy changed in recent years? In the past, what has accounted for public support of bureaucracy? What actions can be taken to restore trust and confidence in bureaucracy? . How is the American structure of government and public administration different from that of other nations with a parliamentary form of government? Why is it different? How can an organizational structure be politically significant? Discuss and cite recent examples. What are the public administration’s intellectual links to economics? To political science? To sociology? To psychology? To business administration? Discuss the changing roles of public, private, and nonprofit agencies in addressing public problems. What difficulties might a public manager face in trying to implement management techniques borrowed from the private sector? How have technological changes affected the government in general and public administration in particular? Discuss the effects of electronic government (e-gov) on bureaucracies. Be sure to describe changing public expectations as well as the size and structure of bureaucracies in your discussion. What elements of social change have contributed to the expansion of administrative responsibilities in the American government? Discuss the specific impacts of social change on the scope and activities of administrative agencies. A fundamental assumption of administrative reformers in the late 1800s and early 1900s was that politics could have only adverse effects on administration. How valid is that belief? Why? How, and to what extent, do current administrative structures and practices reflect that assumption? Discuss the contributions to the academic field of public administration made by the following individuals: (a) Woodrow Wilson, (b) Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick, (c) Herbert Simon, and (d) Alan Altshuler. During the early 2000s, state and local governments faced severe fiscal constraints. How has this trend affected the field of public administration? If this trend continues, how will it affect the field of public administration? If growth declines, what are the implications for public employment? In recent years, how has the role of the bureaucracy become more apparent in the daily lives of Americans? Is there anything in your own personal or career experience that shows similar expression of public sentiment? Can you think of areas or agencies in which the public has shown a positive attitude toward government and public administration? Discuss.

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