Finance

Multi-year Budget Evaluation This assignment is the second of a three-part process. Part III will be completed in Unit VIII. Using the selected government budget from Part I in the previous unit, evaluate the past three years’ allocation of public goods. Develop an analysis including the following: Evaluate goals and priorities of the local government goods and services. Assess internal and external challenges for providing goods and services. Evaluate budget stabilization measures. Provide recommendations. Please ensure that you include a cover page and reference page

Governmental accounting gives substantial recognition to budgets, with budgets being recorded in the accounts of the governmental unit. What is meant by budgetary accounting? What is the purpose of a governmental accounting system? Why is the budget recorded in the accounts of a governmental unit? Explain the purpose and significance of appropriations. Describe when and how a governmental unit records its budget, and closes out the budgetary accounts.

The purpose of this assignment is for students to utilize critical thinking skills to understand the information contained within a company’s financial statements and how they articulate with each other.  Assignment Steps: Develop a 700-word evaluation (keep it right around 700 words) on the Overview of Financial Statements using the following as guides:  Locate a financial statement (income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flow) for a public company. If possible, choose a company similar to one you wish to create or work for one day. You will find the information needed on their annual report. Use numbers from the most recent annual report, not a quarterly report, but the annual report. What do the financial statements say about this company in general? Identify the salient information contained in the financial statements (income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flow). Identify the company’s net income (income statement), total assets (balance sheet), and total net cash flow (statement of cash flow). I’m looking for numbers here. Explain how financial statements (income, balance, statement of cash flow) are connected to each other. Examine the importance and the relevance of financial statements for the entrepreneur. Cite a minimum of one peer reviewed reference from the University Library.  Format the assignment consistent with APA guidelines.  Submit your assignment. Resources

Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Boyhood Home is for Sale The historic Virginia home that Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee grew up in hit the market in April 2018 for $8.5 million. (Trapasso, C.) Robert E. Lee’s father Henry rented the home in 1812, according to The Washington Post. The family lived there for over 80 years, including Robert E. Lee from age five to when he went to West Point in 1825. He again visited five years after the Civil War ended, The Post reported. (Leayman, E.) The home’s other claim to fame is that President George Washington also dined and lodged there before the Lee family moved in. (Trapasso, C.) Built in 1795, the brick house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. (Trapasso, C.) The home had been used as a residence until 1966. The Stonewall Jackson Memorial Foundation purchased the home and opened it to the public. Unable to make ends meet, the foundation sold the home in 2000 to Mark and Ann Kington for $2.5 million. (Trapasso, C.) The boyhood home of Robert E. Lee in Alexandria was listed on the market with a significant price drop. Previously priced at $8.5 million, the six bedroom house is available for $5.6 million (October 2019). (Zap, Claudine.) References Leayman, E. (2019, March 26). Robert E. Lee Boyhood Home Listed for Reduced Price. Retrieved April 2, 2019, from https://patch.com/virginia/oldtownalexandria/robert-e-lee-boyhood-homes-listed-reduced-price Zap, Claudine (2019, October 4). Price of General Robert E. Lee’s boyhood home slashed to $5.6 million. Retrieved March 20, 2020, from https://www.foxnews.com/real-estate/general-robert-e-lees-home-5-6-million Trapasso, C. (2018, April 3). Own Some Civil War-Era History: Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Boyhood Home is for Sale. Retrieved April 2, 2019, from https://www.realtor.com/news/unique-homes/general-robert-e-lees-boyhood-home-sale/ ***************************************************************************** In your initial response to the topic you have to answer all questions. You are expected to make your own contribution in a main topic as well as respond with value added comments to at least two of your classmates as well as to your instructor. Calculate the annual compound growth rate of the house price since the house was sold to Mark and Ann Kington (since 2000) until the price for the house was reduced in October 2019. (The growth rate should be calculated to two decimals in percentage form. Round the number of years to the whole number). Please show your work.   Assume that the growth rate you calculated in question #1 prevailed since Robert E. Lee’s father Henry rented the home in 1812. Calculate the price of the house in 1812. (Round the number of years to the whole number). (TIP: To get the answer correctly you need to use the price of the house in your calculations in dollars with all zeros).Please show your work.   You were using the time value of money concept to answer question #2. Think about the time line for that problem. What is the time point 0 in that problem? Please explain your answer.   Assume the growth rate that you calculated in #1 prevailed since 1795. Calculate the price of the house in 1795. (TIP: To get the answer correctly you need to use the price of the house in your calculations in dollars with all zeros).  Please show your work.   Assume that the growth rate you calculated in question #1 remains the same until the Stonewall Jackson Memorial Foundation purchased the home in 1966 and opened it to the public. Calculate the price of the house in 1966. (Round the number of years to the whole number). (TIP: To get the answer correctly you need to use the price of the house in your calculations in dollars with all zeros). Please show your work.   6.   In 2018, the listed price of the house was $8.5 million. In October 2019 the price was reduced to $5.6 million. Calculate the compound rate of this reduction in price. (The rate should be calculated to two decimals. Round the number of years to the whole number). Please explain your answer.   7.    Reflection – the students also should include a paragraph in the initial response in their own words reflecting on specifically what they learned from the assignment and how they think they could apply what they learned in the workplace or in everyday life.

Assignment:   Session 1:   a.       Prepare a Statement of Cash Flows for WPS for the company’s 2017 forecast and for the actual 2017 results.  (Use the format for the Statement of Cash Flow outlined in the reading from the case packet.  Hint:  Be sure to take into account the information in footnote b on page 4 of the case regarding fixed assets.  This will affect your statement of cash flows.  Remember:  Beginning Fixed Assets + Asset Purchases – Asset Write-offs = Ending Fixed Assets and, from footnote b, Write-offs = $20,000.  You can use this relationship to calculate Asset Purchases.)   b.       Examine the Statement of Cash Flows so as to identify areas in which significant deviations from the plans occurred.  (A spreadsheet for WPS is available on Blackboard.)   Session 2:    a.       Use key financial ratios to determine what events occurred during 2017 to affect the company’s financial position.  Ratios are presented in the case packet reading “Financial Planning, Financial Ratios and Pro Forma Financial Statements” and in RWJ&J. Be prepared to address the following questions:  Is the company growing (i.e., calculate the year-to-year growth rate of sales)?  Are receivables in control?  (Calculate days sales outstanding (DSO) through time.)  Is inventory in control?  (Calculate days of inventory through time.)  Are payables being managed prudently (Note:  See footnote a to the income statements)?  Is the company’s debt usage in control?  Is the cost of goods sold in control?  Are operating and administrative expenses in control?  Is the company profitable?  Is profitability improving?  (Pay particular attention to the following ratios.  These ratios can be used to answer the preceding questions:  days sales outstanding (DSO), days of purchases outstanding (DPO), days of inventory, total debt ratio, profit ratios, and interest coverage ratio.)  In addressing these questions, calculate the ratios for each year’s actual financial statements and for the forecast financial statements.  In calculating ratios, use end-of-period balances except for profit ratios.  (Use the beginning of year balance sheet data in calculating profit ratios.)   b.       What implications do the deviations from the plan and the general 2017 operating results have for the company and the bank?  What financial strategies seem desirable during 2018?  (Be especially aware of the implicit cost of trade credit.  See the reading in the case packet.)   c.       If you were WPS’s banker, what would you do?

This assignment is the first of a three-part process. Parts II and III will be completed in Units VII and VIII respectively. Using your favorite search engine, select a local government budget that has not filed a petition for bankruptcy. Evaluate the past three years of the selected government’s distribution of income. Develop an analysis including the following: Evaluate trends of revenue sources and balances (funds, surpluses, deficits) and how they impact the government’s budget. Evaluate ethical practices of financial policy on taxes, fees, and charges. Assess internal/external opportunities and challenges of revenue sources.  Please ensure that you include a cover page and reference page.

Instructions: Please carefully read the following assignment details in its entirety. There are many components to this particular assignment, and each component is graded. This essay should be between 900 and 1000 words, excluding the required annotated bibliography. The Toulmin essay will help you practice what you have learned so far in this course. First, you will choose a topic of interest. Make sure that you choose a public debate with clear sides and staked. Then, you need to research that debate in order to narrow the topic’s scope, so it can be easily discussed in 1000 word essay. For example, you may be interested in learning more about traffic issues in the United States. However, that topic is too large to cover in a 1000 word essay. After researching peer reviewed articles that discuss US traffic issues in general, you may discover that the metro system in the District of Columbia is underfunded and underutilized.  Through your research, you found that you could make a claim that more funds should be made available in order to upgrade the metro system, which would improve traffic issues in the District of Columbia. This would make for a stronger, specific argument. Attached below is a PDF on sides and stakes that can help with this process.   This should be a thesis-driven essay, and it should be in the third person.  This essay must include a minimum of five sources.  Three should be peer-reviewed sources, preferably from the APUS databases. From the library welcome page, click on Advanced Search at the bottom of the page and then check the “peer reviewed” sources box filter.   This video will hopefully clarify the term, “peer-reviewed”.  You may use eBooks; however, as discussed in your textbook, books generally are not as current as peer-reviewed articles.  You may also use primary sources (interviews, statistics, etc); however, these primary sources should be obtained from experts within that field.  If you cannot find strong sources for your chosen topic, then change your topic. If you have a question about the validity of a source, please email me, or post your question to the open forum.    Note: Consider your audience as laymen in the field with only general knowledge of your topic.  Make sure to include the following sections in your essay: an introduction and claim, background, body, and a conclusion. Within the body of your essay, make sure to include the following in any order: support for your claim, opposing or alternate views, the strengths and weaknesses of your opponents’ claims, and your rebuttals of their claims.  After you have written your essay, please make sure to revise the content of your essay. Lastly, be sure to edit your essay by checking grammar, format, and smaller technical details. Please make sure your essay is written in third person. The Annotated Bibliography An annotated Bibliography (AB) is due with your Toulmin essay. Using the MLA guide, list each source as it will appear on the Works Cited page of your essay. Summarize each source in two or three grammatically-correct  sentences, and indicate how it will be useful to your project. These short discussions are the “annotations.”   The following is a sample of an annotated bibliography entry Clark, Irene L. The Genre of Argument. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace, 1998. Print. Clark’s textbook identifies the major steps to developing a well-researched and well-written argumentative essay. It is older, but still contains much useful material on process. Professional essays are included in the text as models. It will help me mostly with writing and organization, since internet research has changed since 1998.   Submission Instructions: Please submit this through the assignments link in the classroom. This assignment is due on Sunday, by 11:55 p.m., ET.

Introduction and Case Background Your Project must have a well-constructed introduction that provides the case background. This section should be approximately one page in length.  Stock Valuation and CAPM  Compute the intrinsic value of the two stocks analyzed for the Module 6 Critical Thinking assignment and compare the values to the reported market stock price in order to determine if the price is right. ***PLEASE READ CAREFULLY ***( I WILL ATTACH THIS COMPLETED ASSIGNMENT – Must use AT&T and Telefonica data found within that assignment)*  You should do the following:  Compute beta of each stock using regression analysis. Use ordinary least squares regression with the market index return as the independent variable and the individual stock return as the dependent variable. Use data from 1/1/2000 – 1/1/2017. Compute each stock’s required rate of return using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and beta from above. Compute the intrinsic stock price using the Gordon Growth Model and the required rate of return. Discuss whether the stocks are undervalued or overpriced. Discuss the models used and their limitations, if any. What are analysts’ opinions of the firm’s stock value? Discuss the discrepancies between the computed and actual stock prices. What are the assumptions of capital market theory? What is a completely diversified portfolio? How many stocks are usually needed to get a completed diversified portfolio? How does systematic risk compare to unsystematic risk? Compare and contrast the Capital Market Line with the Security Market Line. How does fundamental analysis compare to technical analysis? There are some studies that suggest that there are other factors besides beta that should be used to estimate expected returns. Name and describe some of these other factors.  Conclude the project by making recommendations based on your findings. Does it make economic sense to purchase the stocks given the intrinsic values, financial health of the companies, and the industry outlook? You must use logic and objective argument to support your decision. Be sure to comment or discuss limitations of your recommendation, if any.  Your paper should meet the following requirements:  Be well written Be 10 to 12 pages in length for the analysis and explanations (this does not include the cover page, reference page, or appendices) Be formatted according to the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Include Excel spreadsheet with all computations; this spreadsheet should be embedded in the Word document as an appendix after your analysis and explanations Include a minimum of five credible references  Reference Page  Your reference page should be formatted according to the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA. All sources listed on the reference page must also be cited in the paper.  Appendix 1: Charts and Graphs  Appendix 1 should contain all charts and graphs except those included in the body of the analysis and explanations above. Be sure to properly label the charts and graphs.  Appendix 2: Quantitative Analysis Calculations  Appendix 2 should contain all quantitative analysis calculations that are properly labeled. Embed all spreadsheets in the Word document.

I have attached the Loanable Funds homework. You should have 5 graphs along with a discussion of each graph. As discussed in class, a discussion is not one or two sentences. Fully explain the details of each graph, use the chapter and the Internet to learn more about each change.

Evaluate how cash management and cash budgeting are important to a company’s survival. Explain at least two specific examples of cash management and cash budgeting challenges that are likely to be faced by  the company you are studying or the wider industry it represents. Be sure to cite and reference your sources.