Ethics

Directions: take a position regarding moral objectivity and defend it against some possible major criticisms. (about 2.5 pages) –Say why you initially favor it over the alternatives. –Raise some main objections to it and reply. –Go beyond the discussion in the text; add your own reasoning. –Present arguments, replies, concessions, as a dialogue with yourself. –Feel free to modify, improve, even give up your position in the course of your essay  Major criticisms against objectivity is moral disagreement and cultural variation ( will attach readings of these two but feel free to add your own research on them as well) Defend objectivity pointing out its strength’s and weakness but still leaning toward it being better. Objectivist positions: something like Rule U, Kant, CT, Ross is correct; explain why these are better than the following critical positions: cultural relativism, subjectivism, error theory, expressivism

Was Robert S. McNamara an ethical man? The purpose of the assignment is for you to demonstrate your mastery of the ethical theories and argumentation in an applied context Use ethical theories to display the analysis of whether he’s ethical or not. Also, expected to construct a coherent argument that not only advances your position but also identifies and addresses strong counterarguments.

Identify how the United States works with nations and international regimes concerning the creation and enforcement of laws directly related to facilitating Homeland Security. Identify the agencies involved in working with security and foreign countries. Give a recent example of the U.S. and another country working together. Helpful Hints: Go to Required Websites. For example, Interpol, and click News & Media; U. S. Department of State and click Policy Issues, etc. Remember to support your statements with references.

Introduction In this session, you have been considering moral-ethical dilemmas you yourself faced or that you know of that you either resolved or failed to resolve, but hopefully learned from. You may never have given much thought to ethical theory nor what ethical premises/paradigms you have unconsciously held. You will be focusing on this case for this assignment: Jane Doe is a nursing student at University X. Jane is in week eight of a course entitled: “Introduction to Ethics”. For the week one discussion, Jane copied work done by her friend John Doe in the same class two months ago (with a different professor). John told Jane it was okay to use his work as John’s professor never checked any work in the class using Turnitin.com. John claimed to have earned an A on the work also. In week two, Jane went to StudentPapering.com and paid ten dollars for a week two essay done by a student (not John Doe) who took the same course four months ago. StudentPapering promises that all its archived work is of excellent quality and cannot be detected as copied. Jane then uploaded an exact copy of the work for the week two assignment. In week three, Jane paid a worker at PaperingStudent.com ten dollars to write for Jane a brand new essay after Jane shared with the worker the essay assignment instructions. In week four, Jane relied on her knowledge of Esperanto. She felt pressed for time and found an article by a professor from Esperanto on the week four topic. She translated Esperanto into English using Moogle Translate, and the translated text served as her week four paper. In week five, Jane was running late again. Jane purposely uploaded a blank paper hoping that she would later claim it was an innocent mistake and not be assessed a late penalty. In a previous course on History, she had done the same (with an earlier paper from the History class rather than simply a blank) and had not seen any late penalty assessed. In week six, Jane took work she did in a nursing course from a year ago and submitted that for her discussion posting in her current class. She simply copied and pasted the work she had labored intensively on a year ago (even though University X forbids this practice as ‘self-plagiarism’). Jane was confident her Nursing instructor never checked that work using Turnitin.com or another method. In week seven, Jane copied and pasted work found on website.com for the paper. Jane did not use any quotation marks or other documentation to show the text was not by Jane. Since Jane’s Ethics professor did not check papers and posting for any issues by using Turnitin.com or another method, the professor graded all of Jane’s work unaware of Jane’s actions throughout the weeks of the class. Jane feels her actions are morally justified both because her economic situation requires her to work too much to devote time to school (although other students are well-off enough to have such time) and her religion forbids cheating, but Jane ignores her religion’s teachings. Instructions Now that you have had an opportunity to explore ethics formally, create a reflective assessment of your learning experience and the collaborations you engaged in throughout this session. You will submit both of the following: A written reflection An oral presentation using a PowerPoint narrated slide show. For the written reflection, address Jane Doe’s and respond to the following: Articulate again your moral theory from week eight discussion (You can revise it if you wish). What two ethical theories best apply to it? Why those two? Apply to Jane Doe’s case your personal moral philosophy as developed in week eight discussion and now. Use it to determine if what Jane Doe did was ethical or unethical per your own moral philosophy. Consider if some of these examples are more grave instances of ethical transgressions than others. Explain. Propose a course of social action and a solution by using the ethics of egoism, utilitarianism, the “veil of ignorance” method, deontological principles, and/or a theory of justice to deal with students like  Jane. Consider social values such as those concerning ways of life while appraising the interests of diverse populations (for instance, those of differing religions and economic status). For the oral presentation, briefly summarize your feelings about taking a course in Ethics and explore your process of transformation in this course. Discuss your experiences of the course, your beginnings, and where you are now. Consider your interaction in discussions. Should health care workers be required to take a course in Ethics? Why or why not Writing Requirements (APA format) Length: 3-4 pages (not including title page or references page) 1-inch margins Double spaced 12-point Times New Roman font Title page References page (minimum of 2 scholarly sources) Presentation Requirements Length: 2-3 minutes

Based on the article below from Harvard Gazette, on the potential vaccine on Corona the seminar will be held.  https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/11/fauci-and-paul-farmer-see-slow-process-ahead-in-covid-battle/?utm_source=SilverpopMailing&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Daily%20Gazette%2020201103%20(1)  (Links to an external site.)   Please read the article a prepare at least three viewpoints, with 3 defenses, 3 objections and 3 rebuttals FOR EACH VIEWPOINT, for this question: How optimistic we could be of the vaccine.

Complete readings  “The Nature of Virtue”  (Links to an external site.) , by Aristotle, and “How Can I be a Better Person? On Virtue Ethics,”  (Links to an external site.)  by Douglas Giles.  You have now read something about three different ethical theories (utilitarianism, Kantianism, and Virtue theory). Imagine that you are the doctor in charge of emergency services in a small, local hospital. Your hospital has three ventilators, which help people who are struggling to breather to stay alive. Today five people are admitted to the hospital with coronavirus symptoms, and all five need help breathing. Without knowing anything (yet) about the patients, your hospital has to formulate a policy about how to decide who gets to use a ventilator and who will not (keeping in mind that it may be that someone who does not get to use a ventilator may die, and someone who gets to use a ventilator may not live). Use EACH ethical theory to describe a policy (so: THREE total policy options) that your hospital might implement. HINT: how will a utilitarian say this policy should be decided? How will a virtue theorist decide this? And how will a Kantian/deontologist design the policy? This will take at least three paragraphs. You may want to look at one of the many articles about this that appeared during 2020, such as https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/21/us/coronavirus-medical-rationing.html  (Links to an external site.)  and https://theconversation.com/doctors-are-making-life-and-death-choices-over-coronavirus-patients-it-could-have-long-term-consequences-for-them-134728

Organization of Paper—How you organize your essay is entirely up to you. Many often take this opportunity to write in a journal or diary-like form. No thesis is needed. However, if writing a thesis makes you feel comfortable, you may do so. Some students in the past also chose to write in a letter format. This is fine, too.   Brainstorming—Use these questions to help guide your self-evaluation. You do not have to respond to all or any of these. This is merely to help you brainstorm.   Do you understand race and ethnicity differently now? There were times in which discussions/readings may have been more uncomfortable than others. What did you learn about how people come to their perspectives about the world? Does “social construction” help you to better understand race and ethnicity? Did you struggle with these concepts in the beginning? How did you come to a better understanding of these concepts? How do you think they might be useful when this class is over? How do you think you’ve changed in terms of being able to talk about structural, systemic, and institutional racism? Which discussions, readings, concepts, and/or ideas were most helpful for you and why? What questions are you still left with that you want to pursue for the future? What underlying messages and concepts rang most important for you throughout the course? What was most challenging for you? What do you think was your most significant contribution to the class? Which ideas from your peers’ challenged you most? Why? What do you think you’re taking away from this course? How will you apply it in the future? How have you grown overall?

Submit a draft of the Trends and Ethics portions of the final project (Sections II and III). Analyze the current internal and external factors related to the intrapreneurial or entrepreneurial idea. Based on your analysis and within the context of your idea, describe the trends in corporate social responsibility, sustainability, and business ethics that may impact your business. Also, describe the potential business ethics and regulatory issues that could impact your intrapreneurial or entrepreneurial idea. How could these ethics and regulatory issues affect your corporate strategy, brand development, and decision-making processes? How will you align your corporate strategy, brand development, and decision-making processes to these business ethics and regulatory issues? Lastly, how will the alignment of corporate strategy, brand development, and decision-making processes to the business ethics and regulatory issues you described optimize the sustainability of your intrapreneurial or entrepreneurial idea?

Design your responses as if you are explaining facts, concepts, and ideas to someone who is not familiar with the subject matter. Be sure to include creative examples wherever they may be appropriate. Also, be sure to provide a title for each of your essay responses. This assignment requires you to write essays in response to all of the following: Part 1: In your own words, summarize and contrast the harms and benefits of privacy, offering your commentary. Your commentary can include illustrative examples based on your perspective and experience. Part 2: Offering your own commentary as you see fit, critically evaluate the idea that whistle blowing is a moral duty, focusing primarily on the perspectives of Richard De George and Carlos G. Bell, Jr. Part 3: From the perspective of Robert Frank and Philip Cook, in your own words, describe the harmful effects of the winner-take-all society in general and the economy in particular. When it seems appropriate, provide examples from your experience or observations.

Explain Beauchamp and Childress’s definition and explanation of the “common morality.” What are the features of the common morality? How does it differ from “customary” moralities? Do you agree with Beauchamp and Childress that “the common morality is better suited to play a vital role in biomedical ethics” than the ethical theories they have described elsewhere, and why or why not?