Ethics

This course has three written assignments that build upon one another and are designed to take you step-by-step through a process of writing a paper that identifies an ethical question, examines the context, issues, and arguments surrounding the question, and attempts to defend an answer to that question using strong moral reasoning. In the Week 1 assignment, “Ethical Question,” you chose an ethical question, provided an introduction, a position statement and supporting reason, and an opposing position statement and supporting reason. In the Week 3 assignment, “Applying an Ethical Theory,” you explained utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics, including its core moral principle or ideal, and applied that theory to the topic by demonstrating how its principles would support a particular position on your ethical question. In this final written assignment, you will combine what you have done in these two exercises by examining an ethical issue and defending your own position on an ethical question regarding that issue. This final written assignment should be written in essay form with the following clearly labeled sections: Introduction Ethical Argument Explanation and Defense Objection and Response Conclusion The paper should be between 1,300 and 1,500 words, utilize three scholarly resources, and include a title page and reference page. Part 1: Introduction In this section of the paper, you will begin with your ethical question, introduce the topic and paper, and close with a thesis statement. The ethical question may be the same as your Week 3 written assignment (“Applying an Ethical Theory”) or a revised version of it. The introduction should be revised in a way that reflects your additional thinking on the issue and question. End this section with a thesis statement that states your position on the issue (the answer to the ethical question you believe is strongest) and provides a brief summary of the main ideas you will be presenting in the paper. Please see the assignment guidance for examples of thesis statements. Place the introduction under the Part 1: Introduction heading.   Part 2: Ethical Argument In this section of the paper, you will present the strongest argument you can in support of the position you have stated in your introduction. This will be similar to the “supporting reasons” you offered in the first assignment; however, this argument should reflect your research into the key ethical issues that need to be identified and addressed, the arguments on different sides of this problem, and the theories of moral reasoning we have studied in the class (you will discuss the specific details and implications of the moral theories in the next two sections). You can think of this as a summary of the main argument you would give if you were an attorney trying to convince a jury of your position. Place this information under the Part 2: Ethical Argument heading.   Part 3: Explanation and Defense In this section, you will explain and defend your argument by drawing on the moral theory that aligns most closely with the argument you presented in Part 2. This may be the same theory you discussed in your second assignment, but it may also be a different theory. You must first explain the theory in general terms similar to how you explained a theory in your second assignment, including a brief account of the historical background of the theory and the philosopher(s) associated with it and general overview of the core moral ideal or principle of the theory, including the way it guides and constrains moral reasoning. You should then clearly show how your argument represents an application of that form of moral reasoning. In other words, if the argument you present in Part 2 is utilitarian, deontological, or virtue-based (teleological), you will want to explain utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics in general terms, then explain how your argument from Part 2 reflects or draws upon the core principles and values of that theory. Please refer to the Week 3 assignment instructions for directions on how to explain and apply the moral theory. Place this section under the Part 3: Explanation and Defense heading.   Part 4: Objection and Response In this section of the paper, you will present the strongest objection you can to your argument, and briefly defend that objection by appealing to a different ethical theory than the one you focused on in Part 3. Briefly explain the core moral ideal or principle of the theory and how that could be the basis of an objection to your argument. For instance, if you explained and defended your own argument by applying the principles of virtue ethics, you could raise an objection from the perspective of utilitarianism by briefly explaining the core utilitarian principle and how applying that principle could lead someone to a different conclusion than the one you are defending. Next, you should respond to the objection by explaining why it is not strong enough to undermine the main argument in defense of your position. See the assignment guidance for suggestions on how to effectively respond to the objection. Place this section under the Part 4: Objection and Response heading.   Part 5: Conclusion In this section of the paper, provide a summary of what you have done in the paper by briefly describing what you accomplished in each of the above sections. Place this section under the Part 5: Conclusion heading. In your paper, Introduce the topic and paper. Provide a thesis statement. Present an argument in support of the position. Defend the argument by explaining and applying the ethical theory that most closely aligns with the argument. Present an objection to the argument by appealing to a different ethical theory. Respond to the objection. Provide a conclusion that describes what was accomplished in each of the sections of the paper.

In week three, we were looking at rights ethics with regards to Locke. As a reminder, Locke said we have inalienable rights to life, liberty, and property. It is immoral to violate them. Many think we have more rights than those listed by Locke. Some even think we have a right to health care. That means it is the duty of the state to provide each citizen with their medical needs. Rights theory says to respect the entitlements we have. If a right is inalienable, it cannot truly be violated ethically even with our consent. We have basic needs. Rights are something beyond needs. They are what we should be authorized to have. We are due what we have a right to. That is not always the case with need. For example, we need food, but people often go hungry. A need refers to something we need physically to exist. A right is a moral entitlement to something. Asking if we have a right to food is a moral question. Needs are determined by the requirements of the body and of material existence. Rights are determined by moral reflection, inquiry, an argument We have a right to own property. We do not need it to live. We could imaginably be allowed to use another’s. We have a right to own a home. We can rent. Initial Post Instructions For the initial post, respond to one of the following options, and label the beginning of your post indicating either Option 1 or Option 2: Option 1: Assess the moral solutions arrived at through “care” (care-based ethics) and “rights” ethics to social issues of ethical import such as poverty, drug use, and/or lack of health care, That is, note any ethical problems that arise related to those particular issues. Then, say how both care-based and rights theory of ethics would solve those problems. Are those solutions correct? Why or why not? What is your own approach there? Option 2: What moral guidelines should we use when it comes to recently introduced healthcare technologies of any kind (you will note and engage with your own examples) and social technologies of any kind (you will note and engage with your own examples)? Involve care-based ethics in your answer Follow-Up Post Instructions Respond to at least two peers or one peer and the instructor. If possible, respond to one peer who chose an option different than the one you chose. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification. Make sure that you add additional information and not repeat the same information already posted on the discussion board as you further the dialogue.

Select an organization that has dealt with significant internal or external ethical issues recently. Examples are listed below. This will be the foundation of your case study. To complete your case study, you will need to conduct research on your selected organization and consider the ethical issues you find to be involved with it. You will also need to locate the organization’s own code of ethics, if it has one. Most publish their codes online. There are examples of codes of ethics in our modules this week. If your organization doesn’t have an explicit code of ethics, research general codes of ethics for your organization’s type (business, legal, journalistic, or medical, for example). Be prepared not only to describe your organization’s ethical issues and to furnish specific evidence of them but also to note whether and how these ethical issues have violated the organization’s own code. You’re going to use the ethics concepts from this course, coupled with your own system of ethics, to analyze these ethical issues by following the outline provided. Make your own personal system of ethics explicit in order to prepare your reader for your analysis of your selected case (organization and ethical issues). You don’t need to write a manifesto; rather, you should lay out your system as simply as you can, with support from our course concepts (lessons and readings) where it’s useful. For example, you could say that you believe in moderation, but it’s much more interesting to note that like Aristotle, you see virtue in it (good place for a citation!). Find your own balance of the personal and the academic. This is a chance for you to show off who you are and what you’ve learned here. Use your own personal system of ethics to analyze your selected case. Provide your own analysis based on your own personal system of ethics of how the organization and its issues are problematic and how a solution, if there is one, might be reached. Note: This is an APA paper that uses and cites course material (textbook and lessons) and includes at least three additional high-quality sources as support. For these additional three sources, you might choose further work by philosophers or conflict resolution providers we’ve covered, work by philosophers or thinkers from outside this course, work by scholars who are thinking about the same issues you are, or commentary from media experts who are looking at the organization and its issues in the press. Whatever you do, do not rely on Google; use the library to find high-quality sources and make sure you understand who and what they are so that you’re aware of things like authority and bias. The paper will include the following sections. Some sections will be one paragraph; others may be more than one. Introduction/thesis: Provide a strong introductory paragraph with a guiding sentence that lets your reader know what your paper will cover and why. Facts: Describe the organization, any important events, and the related ethical issues. What has happened, and what is happening now? Has the organization violated its own professional code of ethics? How can you tell? Personal Ethical Philosophy: You’re taking a break from the organization and its ethical issues. Here, you’ll explain your own personal system of ethics, both what it was before you took this class and how it has developed via our course concepts and your own research. Analysis: Use your own personal system of ethics to analyze the organization and its ethical issues. Make sure always to relate your statements about the organization and its ethical issues back to your own standards of behavior as outlined in number 3, above. Resolution and/or Conclusion: If you see a possible resolution of this organization’s ethical issues, present it clearly. Again, relate it back to your own standards of behavior as outlined in number 3, above. If there is no resolution that you can see, that’s perfectly fine. You can use a more standard conclusion that restates and adds value. Organizations With Recent Ethical Issues (examples, and you may find your own) United Airlines (dragged a bloodied passenger off of a flight) 21st Century Fox and Bill O’Reilly (sexual assault/cover-ups) Facebook (data harvesting and its impact on the 2016 U.S. election) Uber (alleged use of a software dubbed Greyball to avoid regulators in geographic regions where it was operating illegally) The Weinstein Company (multiple sexual assault allegations against Harvey Weinstein/cover-ups) Equifax (data breaches) Samsung (bribery charges) Kobe Steel/Mitsubishi Materials (Japan and corporate governance) Wells Fargo (fake accounts) Apple (slowed-down phones as a sales tool) Ohio State University (abuse of students by coaches and staff) Mylan (EpiPen price gouging) Samsung (battery recall) Criteria Points Purpose This paper must begin with a solid introduction, including a one-sentence thesis that compels the reader to keep reading by connecting the organization and issues, personal ethical philosophy, analysis, and resolution and conclusion. 50 Support and Development Analysis shows depth of critical thought. Research and course materials are leveraged in support of ideas about organization and issues and writer’s own personal system of ethics. Theoretical underpinnings are evident throughout. All research is clearly referenced and cited. 50 Ethical Analysis Writer’s system of ethics is clear and cohesive and includes not just general statements but specific definitions and support (cited) from thinkers we’ve covered in our course. 50 Grammar, Mechanics, and Style Grammar refers to correct standard American usage; for example, subject and verb agreement and correct parts of speech. Mechanics refers to correct idiomatic usage; for example, capitalized proper nouns, word choice, and word order. Style refers to dynamic writing that avoids passive constructions and maintains the reader’s interest via generous use of detail. 50 Total A quality paper will meet or exceed the above requirements. 200

What are different ways to lower gun-related deaths in the US?

Please adjust as needed as this is a slide presentation and not pages. Presentation Issue/ Question: Do people who are considered financially wealthy have a moral obligation to pay for healthcare and other social service costs for disadvantaged people? For this project, there is audio required. I will do the audio myself based off the notes left for each slide presentation.  My opinion on the matter is that I believe the ultra rich should carry a heavier burden of taxation and be able to contribute more to supporting the economy more so than middle and lower class people.  Your presentation must follow this outline: I.        Title Slide – This first slide must include the presentation title, your full name, and the date. II.        Body Slide- The next slides will contain an explanation and summary of both sides of the issue. Use your research to objectively (your opinion will come later) present the facts and opinions of both sides fairly. In your slides, cite (current APA format) the research you use, including citations. Your explanation and summaries should be in-depth, thus taking up several slides (should be 3+ slides). Use the notes section of the slide if you feel the slides are becoming crowded with too much text. Relate any principles, concepts, or information from your textbook into your presentation. III.        Reference Slide – This next slide must list all sources in the current APA format. IV.        Opinion Slide – This next slide is your opinion. Present your own opinion about the controversy. You must explain why you believe what you do. Also, tie your opinion to one or more of the ethical approaches discussed in the textbook. State this ethical approach on the slide and explain why the approach is the right. Ex. “Utilitarian approach” focuses on consequences of abortion, more infant deaths vs. reduced back-alley deaths; deontology approach, does a fetus have rights vs. rights of mother; etc. Use the text or another professional source to support your stance. Be sure to properly cite your sources accordingly. V.        Conclusion and Discussion Questions Slide – Provide a summary of your presentation and close your presentation with three discussion questions about the topic. Think about these questions. Your questions must be ethically challenging and tough. You want your questions to really invoke a great deal of discussion.

Overview: Healthcare professionals provide support throughout the cycle of life, from birth to death. They have an obligation to provide humane and compassionate care to patients while adhering to their specific field’s code of ethics. Sometimes, healthcare professionals are privy to discussions between family members regarding end-of-life issues. In some instances, a healthcare facility may be in charge of providing information about advance directives to patients. Healthcare professionals should calibrate their own moral beliefs to align with their ethical and legal obligations. By studying issues contained within real-life cases, healthcare professionals can come to terms with their beliefs and obligations relative to end-of-life issues. Prompt: In this project, you will analyze the Terri Schiavo case through the lens of the bioethical issue(s) related to the case. You will address what the bioethical issue is and what role end-of-life issues, such as self-determination and advanced directives, played in the case. Using your analysis, you will determine how this bioethical issue impacted the decisions made by the healthcare professionals involved in the case. Specifically, your essay must address the following critical elements: Introduction: Describe the provided case, including information on the stakeholders involved, the bioethical issue, and the time period of the incident that occurred. Bioethical Analysis: Analyze the bioethical issue for the role end-of-life issues played in the case. Be sure to use appropriate terminology and support with secondary research. Conclusion: Describe how the bioethical issue influenced the decisions of healthcare professionals involved in the case. Be sure to use specific examples. Rubric Guidelines for Submission: Your bioethical short paper should be 1–2 pages in Microsoft Word with 12-point Times New Roman font and one-inch margins. All citations and references should be formatted according to the most recent APA guidelines.

Please read the attachment for more details. TOPIC:  COVID-19’s impact in the United States and international development organizations  PAPER REQUIREMENTS: Structure of ideas and arguments, grammar and mechanics of writing, and proper APA/Chicago citation. There are five (5) sections to the integrated essay which you will write: an introduction, a theory section, a methods section, a practice section, and a conclusion. Approximately 27 pages is an expected length, plus references.   Write an essay showing that you can connect theory, research and practice. You may focus your approach on any level of conflict (interpersonal, organizational, or international) you are most confident with.  This question has three integral parts that address theoretical analysis, research and practice. The first part is focused on analyzing and understanding the conflict and includes both theory and research elements. Provide the context for the case analysis and then present three fully explained relevant theories that are useful in this case. Include an explanation of the theories you have chosen and why they help us understand the conflict. Cite major conflict analysis and resolution theorists and thinkers in the field regarding those theories and connect the substance of the theory to specifics of the conflict.

please watch first https://youtu.be/x_KZyGv6rC0 please write according 1. 1-2 paragraphs: Do you buy into the “seamless garments” idea? Is having a consistent ethics of life important/correct? Why or why not? (10 points) 2. 4 paragraphs: Pick one of the items presented in the video: Immigration, abortion, or programs for the needy. Explain briefly what we should do, and make sure to use 1 paragraph (minimum) for each of the aspects of a proper “should” argument. This isn’t a research paper, but make sure not to make uncited factual claims. (30 pts)

The culminating argument paper is a restructuring of the first two papers with the addition of an abstract, introduction, and conclusion. This paper should include a newly composed introductory section and a new final conclusion section that presents your discussion of (and argument for) the solution. Your argument, or rationale, for the solution that you propose is the focus of this paper. Your paper must: Be 15–20 pages in length Title page (1 page) Introduction (1–2 pages) Reworked informative papers (10–15 pages) Conclusion (1–2 pages) References (1–2 pages) Reference 12–15 scholarly, peer-reviewed resources (compiled by combining all of the references from your Perspective of Inquiry papers and any additional resources you use in this final paper.) Follow all APA Style guidelines.

Please read the attachment for more details. TOPIC:  COVID-19’s impact in the United States and international development organizations  PAPER REQUIREMENTS: Structure of ideas and arguments, grammar and mechanics of writing, and proper APA/Chicago citation. There are five (5) sections to the integrated essay which you will write: an introduction, a theory section, a methods section, a practice section, and a conclusion. Approximately 27 pages is an expected length, plus references.   Write an essay showing that you can connect theory, research and practice. You may focus your approach on any level of conflict (interpersonal, organizational, or international) you are most confident with.  This question has three integral parts that address theoretical analysis, research and practice. The first part is focused on analyzing and understanding the conflict and includes both theory and research elements. Provide the context for the case analysis and then present three fully explained relevant theories that are useful in this case. Include an explanation of the theories you have chosen and why they help us understand the conflict. Cite major conflict analysis and resolution theorists and thinkers in the field regarding those theories and connect the substance of the theory to specifics of the conflict.