Education

Literature Review My Research Question? What pedagogical approaches are used in generalist preservice teacher education in the arts before and during COVID-19 (impact of technology, professional practice, context, etc.)? The literature review should provide a broad and thorough outline of what has been discovered on your topic in current literature (ideally works published in the last five years).  1. Consider what theories the studies use as they can inform your theoretical framework.  2. Explains fully how questions have been addressed in the literature You will include? Thematic analysis Trends Findings The methodologies used Conflicts and gaps in the research

Students will create a reinforcement schedule for a case study student or a student they have encountered in the past. Remember, reinforcement schedules can be designed to increase a desired behavior while decreasing an inappropriate behavior. For example, if you would like to increase the a child’s ability to raise his hand instead of calling out answers, a teacher would reinforce with positive praise every time the child raises his hand. Reinforcing the desired behavior will decrease the likelihood of the inappropriate behavior occurring more often. For this assignment, first students will identify the desired behavior being addressed. Then, they will create a reinforcement schedule for the student. Finally, they will use their textbook and research to justify the use of the reinforcement schedule.

Your paper needs to be 6 pages written in MLA style. If you do 4 pages, it must be 4 full pages.  You need to pick a topic from the list at the end of the handout.  I will post a sample introduction and body paragraph; please look at them before you start writing.  The paper is due on Nov. 3. Topics are on page 2.  If you use an outside source, it has to be the one that I am posting on the board. I expect you to follow this format: Introductory paragraph:  You need to end your paragraph with a thesis statement with the points you are going to make in your body.  Your thesis is your argument for the paper.  You must present an argument on the text and what it is doing.  You need to list your essay points in the paper. Your body paragraphs need to start with the topic sentence which should come from the essay points in your thesis.  Your body paragraph should only have one point.  Your topic sentence states the argument of the paragraph.  You should also include evidence from the text and a detailed analysis of how this evidence supports your point.  You should have very little summary.  Your paper needs to be double spaced, use Times New Roman and 12-point font.  You need to have an MLA heading in the upper left-hand corner.  If you want to use an outside source, you can only use the article that I have posted.  If you use them, you must cite them correctly.  Citations within the paper should be as follows: In-text Quotation When you quote from the text, you need to make sure that your quotes start within a sentence.  You need to create the sentence and incorporate the quote within the sentence.   This is an example: At the end of the day Wilbur made “in excess of half a million dollars” (last name of author, page number). Works Cited page: You also need a Works Cited page.  The works cited page does not start on the same page as the last page of the paper. For example, if your paper is 4 ½ pages, the works cited page starts on page 5.  Your works cited page should be as follows. Mullane, James Thomas. “The Road to “I” dentity in Narrative of the Life of Frederick             Douglass.”  CEA Critic, Vol. 57, no. 2, Winer 1995, pp. 26-40, JSTOR,             Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/44378257.             The following is the citation for Narrative of Frederick Douglass Douglass, Frederick. “Narrative of Frederick Douglass” Norton Anthology of World Literature,             Edited Martin Puchner, W.W. Norton, 2012, Page Range. Topic Life as a slave Education vs. Ignorance How is religion used. Violence Dehumanization Resistance to Slavery Abuse of Women

Kindergarten Movement  Part 1 – Readings A.  Describe the idea you selected from the readings that connects with your thinking or is of interest to you.  (100 words) B.  Describe your thinking that the idea or interest from the readings connects to.  (100 words) C.  Describe why you think the two ideas are connected.  (100 words) Chapter 9 The Kindergarten Movement [T]he system of infant culture . . . was by far the most original, attractive, and philosophical form of infant development the world as yet had seen. —Henry Barnard1 American Beginnings The American public learned about kindergarten from two articles: one by Henry Barnard, in 1856, reporting that he had seen a kindergarten at the International Exhibit of Educational Systems in London in 1854,2 and the other from “Kindergärten of Germany” in the November 1859 issue of the Christian Examiner, the official publication of the Unitarian Church. The second article included a summary of Froebel’s ideas by the Baroness von Marenholtz-Bülow.3 The kindergarten arrived in America before the Civil War during a time when men and women, dissatisfied with American backwardness, were trying to change American society by reforming its education to be practical, moral, and democratic. Kindergartens did not attract the attention and the support of the American educators of the time even though they were described in the educational literature. Some of the reasons for this were that (1) American education was being transformed; (2) as long as the concept of education was seen as instruction in the three R’s and not as development from within of the whole child, kindergarten theory and practice could not be universally accepted; (3) the goals and methods of the kindergarten—self-activity and self-expression— were too different from the existing methods to be accepted wholesale; and (4) America was slow to recognize the value of early childhood for educational purposes, and until it did the kindergarten could have no meaning. Primary schools, like kindergartens, were not part of the school system. They were managed independently, and children had to be seven years of age to enter them and had to already know how to read and write. It was about 1860 that public schools were incorporated into the grade schools.4 German-American Kindergartens (1855–1870) The ill-fated 1848 Revolution in Germany, which tried to obtain more voice and more democracy for the people, brought a large number of Germans to the United States. They were highly educated men and women who were 235 Lascarides, V. Celia, and Blythe F. Hinitz. History of Early Childhood Education, Taylor & Francis Group, 2000. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nlu/detail.action?docID=1195796. Created from nlu on 2020-10-27 14:21:01. Copyright © 2000. Taylor & Francis Group. All rights reserved. familiar with and shared Froebel’s ideas for a more humane education. Between 1850 and 1870, these German immigrants established private, German-American academies to educate their children and preserve their culture and language, in all the cities where they had settled: New York City; Milwakee; Detroit; Newark, New Jersey; and Louisville.5 These schools stimulated interest in German educational practices. Horace Mann, as secretary of the board of education in Massachusetts, was one of many Americans who visited the German schools in 1843 and reported about them to the Massachusetts Legislature. In addition to the kindergartens in these academies, there were other private, independent kindergartens. Margarethe Schurz (1833–1876) opened a small German-speaking kindergarten in her home in Watertown, Wisconsin, in 1856 (four years after Froebel’s death) for the benefit of the Schurz children and those of relatives, the Jüssen clans. It was an experiment, one of the first of its kind in the United States. Her purpose was to preserve their German cultural heritage and language. She taught the children, in German, the Froebelian kindergarten songs, games, and occupations as she had studied under Froebel in 1849 in Hamburg. This kindergarten closed in 1858 when the Schurzes moved to Milwaukee.6 Another German-speaking kindergarten was established in Columbus, Ohio, by Miss Caroline Luise (Louisa) Frankenberg in 1836, a year before Froebel opened his institution for young children in Blankenburg and twenty years before Mrs. Schurz’s kindergarten. Miss Frankenberg’s trip to America was precipitated by Froebel’s essay “The Renewal of Life” (1836). In it he pointed to the United States as the country best suited for his educational plans. Things did not work out for her in Columbus, and disheartened, she returned to Germany.7 Miss Frankenberg stayed there from 1840 until 1858. While there she taught at Keilhau under Froebel’s direction for six years. In 1847, she was appointed kindergarten teacher in the “Kindergarten of the Women’s Charitable Institution in Dresden,” and in 1852, she opened her own kindergarten in Bautzen, where she encountered opposition from the local clergy—for a total of eleven years.8 Miss Frankenberg was a sister of Adolph Frankenberg, Froebel’s friend and disciple, who had helped Froebel in Dresden during 1838–1839. She had married Professor Marquardt.9 For whatever reasons, Miss Frankenberg returned to Columbus in 1858, to the same house where she had lived before, and established the first practical working kindergarten in the United States there. She and the school were ahead of their time, but she had difficulty attracting many students. To the parents, the making of paper birds, boats, and caps; modeling in clay; marching; and singing were simply child’s play. It was called “the play school.” Children on their way to private or public schools in Columbus never failed to stop and look in the window or door and marvel at children who learned without books. As Miss Frankenberg did not speak English, she had few, if any, American pupils.

It is a Peer Review, so feedback on their writing is needed also, these are the questions that must be answered using the source given. In the first paragraph, does the writer make clear to you what they see as the problem? What is the problem?   What strategy does the writer employ to get your attention? For instance, do they open with an example? Tell a story? Describe?   Does the writer include three of the five writers in the statement of background?   Does the writer properly introduce each source and provide adequate discussion of key ideas? Is this section multi-paragraphed?   Does the writer establish connections or relations between each source?   Does the writer make clear their position in response to the ideas introduced before they provide a thesis statement?   Is the thesis an argumentative statement that clearly answers one of the four questions?   Overall, what advice can you provide the writer about their paper?

find a recent article (less than 5 years old) that illustrates how social issues (poverty, demographics, bias) have impacted education in a specific instance in the United States. Your article should be related to education in the U.S. Post your thoughts regarding the article using the following guiding questions. Please be sure the article you select contains enough information to answer the guiding questions appropriately. Please see How to Find Appropriate Articles for Discussions. Based on this week’s text reading, what examples of moral and/or performance character are addressed in the article? Based on this week’s text reading, how might the culture of the school disengage students in the article you read? How might the social issue addressed in the article you read affect school achievements and performance (i.e., peer, racial, and income groups )? Does this article support or challenge your ideas about this topic? Why or why not?  Be sure to provide a working link to the article and use appropriate APA citations. Also, be sure to include guiding questions with your answers.

Throughout this course, you have been examining communication styles, skills, and dispositions, as well as how your own background, or “schema,” can affect your perceptions and, furthermore, your communication competence. As you know, your communication skills affect the way you interact with others, one on one, as well as in groups or within collaborative teams. To be able to truly collaborate, you must be willing to set aside your personal agenda and agree to be part of a group, developing trusting relationships and working toward a common vision to achieve specific goals. Part 1: Collaboration Scenario In this Assignment, you will have the opportunity to apply everything you have learned about communication, team building, cultural competence, and collaboration skills to a realistic scenario in the early childhood field. This scenario will challenge you to draw on the various strategies and skills from your Learning Resources and personal experiences to engage in collaboration. Read the following scenario: You have been named as the executive director in charge of seeking a grant to set up a Family Literacy Center in your community. Your community is in an area where many people are from different cultural backgrounds and speak a variety of languages. So far, all of the following organizations and people have been cooperative and voiced their support for the literacy center: local library, public and private preschools, Head Start, as well as the local college’s TESL program. The only participants who seem to lack enthusiasm and have not been attending meetings are the families who potentially will benefit most from this program. It is vitally important that the families become involved so their perspectives can be considered and their voices heard. Their input in how the program is set up, organized, and implemented is essential to ensure that the program truly serves the needs of the community. Part 2: Developing Your Proposal Examine what you have learned throughout the course about effective communication skills, intercultural communication, and collaborative skills. Think about the skills, knowledge, and dispositions of effective communicators, relationship builders, and collaborators. Then propose what you would do, as the executive director, to ensure that your grant clearly demonstrates collaboration between all of the stakeholders, especially the families, in an effort to create a true Family Literacy Center. For your proposal, write a paper that addresses how you would approach this lack of collaboration by responding to the following questions: What communication and collaboration skills would you use? What other tools/strategies or leadership skills might you use? What cultural competencies might you draw upon to help you engage families in this process? How might you persuade other organizations to help encourage family participation? Note: Be specific in describing the types of communication strategies and skills you would employ as well as the knowledge, skills, and dispositions that would help you engage all of the agencies to work together and build and bridge of effective collaboration with the families. You may need to research information about Family Literacy Centers to round out your plan. Be sure to cite all sources that substantiate your thinking. For your paper, draw specific examples and ideas from your Learning Resources, personal experiences, and two additional resources you found on your own. Part 3: Add a Communication Goal This week, use what you have learned about team building and collaboration strategies and skills to add at least one communication goal to the list you began in Week 4. Assignment length: Approximately 3 – 4 pages Save your assignment: The Week 7 Assignment is your Major Assessment for this course. By Day 7 I have 3 different articles one of them is a video that is uploaded as a transcript, also two other article must be use for the essay that is related to the topic. Lastly I have uploaded my week 4 essay for the communication goal.

This is your opportunity to discuss your observations and understanding of the documentary, Growing Up Coy. For this and every subsequent discussion board, you will need to create a new post (10 points) and reply to two other posts (5 points) to receive full credit. Your original post should be thorough and insightful. Short, one sentences posts will not receive full credit. Likewise the responses you give to your peers should not only be respectful but thorough. Please create a new thread on this discussion board by clicking the “Reply” button (below) and include the following in your original post: Why do you think the Mathis family chose to file a formal discrimination suit and take this case public? What did you observe were Kathryn and Jeremey’s best parenting qualities? Explain your response? What were your observations on the media’s response to Coy and her parents. Why is the media’s response important to cases such as this one? Putting yourself in Kathryn and Jeremy’s shoes, would you have done the same? What lengths would you go to protect your own child?

I. Pick a social justice issue in education that is particularly important to you. The potential list of social justice issues in education is limitless, but includes such topics as: The impact of poverty on education The educational rights of students with disabilities Empowering young women to be successful in male-dominated subjects like math and science What it means to have a truly “green” school Healthy sustainable food service in schools Equal access to quality education for English Language Learners Respect for religious diversity in schools What to do about cultural mismatch between schools and families Supporting LGBTQ students, families, and teachers in the school Connecting community issues to the school curriculum Ensuring that every school can be a pathway to college Locate 5 scholarly articles related to your topic. II. Write an essay in which you: Identify the social justice in education issue that you have chosen, and explain why it is important to you, and why is it something that all teachers should know about to be successful. Discuss the main points of each of the five articles you located, particularly in relation to how they speak to your topic. Synthesize what “the literature” (your five articles) says about your chosen topic. Reflect on the implications of these ideas for you as a budding urban educator, and for urban educators in general. Compose questions you have about this topic that you feel are still unanswered. Write a conclusion in which you summarize your experience with this research project.

CREATE A FLOW CHART that shows each step of learning to read (e.g. print concepts, alphabet recognition, phonemic awareness, phonics instruction, high-frequency word instruction, multisyllabic word instruction, decoding, and automatic word recognition), which leads to fluent reading. For each step of the flow chart, list an example of a skill that should be mastered at that level. Explain potential difficulties that may be encountered at each level or step of the flow chart. Explain what teachers can do to help at each level. Follow APA 6th edition style.