Criminology

The Final Ethnography Project will be preceded by the  Research Proposal—and many of the components expected in that assignment will be useful and needed for this assignment, too.  Students are expected to have looked over that instructional sheet before looking over this one.  The Final Ethnography Project is the culmination of a semester’s long collective research process that includes three primary data gathering methods:  a.) Interviews b.) Participant observation and c.) Ethnography.  The Final Ethnography project is to be completed in the format noted below.  Students are encouraged to be creative in how they compose the content of their presentations, but they must stick to the format noted below or face a deduction of points Once again, the main subject to everything is on the movie called DeepSouth, here is the link to the movie: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2421914/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 This is just the overall final paper with everything included that we have done throughout the semester.  Below, I will leave all the instructions that are needed for this paper. This paper also requires to come with a powerpoint paper presentation. The powerpoint includes everything from the paper, just a summary of each section; such as, introduction, rationale, literature review, methods, themes, discussion, conclusion, and references.  Here is also the link to the youtube video for the instructions of the paper: https://youtu.be/LPO7So7fdIE I will attach the work that was done from the research proposal and annotated bibliography to incorporate what was done from that to the final project.

Prepare a ten-page paper on leadership.  While reading the selected book, compare and contrast your approach to the topic with what was written in the book.  This includes, but is not limited to comparing and contrasting the following issues relating to leadership:  principles of leadership, leadership styles, leadership traits, effective decision making, and motivating employees.  Use the book as sources, along with at least 6 other sources, such as other books, articles, or journals. This paper is to be done in strict adherence to the APA format.  It is strongly suggested that you communicate with the Writing Center early in the session and enlist their help in mastering the APA format.   This assignment must have an abstract page.  email me and ill send you the book via pdf.

Using your assigned readings and websites and your own research together with available data, make a simple graph of the total number of recorded terrorist border crossings from September 11, 2001, to the present. Also note the following: Terrorists border crossers vs. general illegal crossers Number of legal crossers vs. illegal crossers Based on your data and graph, is the problem of terrorist crossers getting worse? Explain. If you are using Excel spreadsheet or PowerPoint to create your graph, you will need to cut and paste your graph onto your paper. Helpful Hints: Start with looking at Required Videos, then go to Required Websites for data.

Land border security is a crucial part of protecting our country and citizens from harm. The Homeland Security mission is to improve border security by preparing DHS to have the capability to (1) access more data sources, (2) support decision making that translates to actionable information and intelligence, and (3) share that actionable information and intelligence with DHS stakeholders, partnering with federal, state, and local law enforcement Describe the U.S. land borders. How are they surveilled and protected? (Be specific.) Describe how terrorists from groups besides ISIS penetrate the U.S.–Mexican border. In your responses, discuss the use of modern technology and man-made physical structures—their advantages/disadvantages—and the use of military forces (how, when).

8 categories of evidence. 1) Real, tangible evidence 2) Prima facie evidence 3) Conclusive evidence 4) Cumulative evidence 5)Parole and testimonial evidence 6) Positive / Negative evidence 7) Other/ hearsay 8)  Corroborative evidence Define each category of evidence and rank these eight categories of evidence in terms of what you perceive as having the most impact on a jury or judge (if a trial by judge). Explain why you gave each category its ranking and give examples for each category of evidence that would be included.

Assignment Details You are the Commander of a crime scene investigative (CSI) unit. The unit is only a couple of months old, and the members of the unit are all new and in need of training from the ground up. The Chief of Police requires you to use your experience to establish a training program for the new members of the CSI unit. The Chief requires a proposal from you on what training you will be providing the unit team. The proposal will be in an APA format. No abstract will be required because it is only a short proposal on the first training week—but a title page, reference page, and appropriate running header with page numbers are all necessary. What is the difference between real or physical evidence and testimonial evidence? Provide 5 examples of real or physical evidence that might require explanation in court by you because you are the one recording, recovering, processing, and packaging the evidence you recovered. Why is real or physical evidence important for the triers of fact (jury)? What is demonstrative evidence, and why is it used to clarify issues in trials? What is the difference between direct evidence and circumstantial evidence? Explain. What is the concept of overwhelming circumstantial evidence? Explain. Can it be enough for a conviction? Why or why not?

Your original response to each essay question is to be between 500-700 words – excluding direct quotes. You are to provide at least 3 references (10 years old or less) other than your readings to support each response. These references are to be in APA format. Corresponding citations should be included in your response to document/support the facts you provide.   NO TITLE PAGE. NO HEADER/FOOTER/ NO PAGE NUMBERS. Questions are to be at least 500 words a piece no including the references or citations.   1.    1.  Explain the role of a fusion center in the day-to-day operations of a large metropolitan police agency. Do you think that fusion centers would be very helpful to smaller agencies as well? Why or why not?   2. As a police chief using Hertzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory, what types of motivators would you use to improve officers’ productivity?   3.            3. If you were a police administrator, what do you believe would be a reasonable span of management? In other words, how many subordinates do you believe you could effectively supervise and why?   4.      4. You are the police department’s captain in charge of recruiting new officers while you city is having difficult economic times. What actions would you take to ensure there is a diverse, well-qualified pool of applicants?

Using your assigned readings and websites and your own research together with available data, make a simple graph of the total number of recorded terrorist border crossings from September 11, 2001, to the present. Also note the following: Terrorists border crossers vs. general illegal crossers Number of legal crossers vs. illegal crossers Based on your data and graph, is the problem of terrorist crossers getting worse? Explain. If you are using Excel spreadsheet or PowerPoint to create your graph, you will need to cut and paste your graph onto your paper. Helpful Hints: Start with looking at Required Videos, then go to Required Websites for data.

Your textbook (Doerner & Lab) discusses the case of Kelly v. California, which involved the use of a multimedia presentation which was played by the prosecution as a victim impact statement during the sentencing phase of the trial.  The presentation, which included photographs and videos of the victim, was set to music by Enya and narrated by the victim’s mother.  You can watch the video here: Kelly v. California, 555 U.S. 1020 (2008) (Links to an external site.)   The defense objected to the video and appealed the case up to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the Court declined to hear the case.  Do you think that multimedia presentations should be allowed in court as victim impact evidence?  Why or why not?

Deviant behavior is socially and culturally defined. Behaviors considered deviant in one society may be viewed as quite harmless in another. A behavior may even be defined as deviant when one type of person does it, but not when another type of person does. In the United States, the use of illegal drugs and alcohol is subject to similar socially constructed definitions of deviance. Alcohol use is considered deviant when the user is under the legal drinking age, driving an automobile, or pregnant, but quite acceptable under other conditions. Likewise, some types of illegal drugs are deemed more deviant than others, and the definition varies with the circumstances of use. Adolescent substance use is of particular importance to researchers and policy makers because adolescence is characterized by a period of physical, emotional, and psychological development, all of which may influence, and be influenced by, substance use. Examples of possible research questions about the characteristics of adolescent substance users: What proportion of teens have ever consumed alcohol? How often do teens report drinking alcohol until they are drunk? What proportion of teens report ever using marijuana? Are there racial or gender differences in substance use? Do religious teens use substances less frequently than less-religious teens? How do teens’ aspirations for the future relate to substance use? Is employment related to substance use? Data Data for this exercise come from the 2006 Monitoring the Future 12th Grade Survey (MTF). The 2006 MTF is part of an ongoing series of cross-sectional data collection designed to explore changes in important values, behaviors, and lifestyle orientations of contemporary American youth. Each year, large, distinct, nationally representative samples of 8th, 10th, and 12th-grade students in the United States are asked to respond to drug use and demographic questions, as well as to additional questions on a variety of subjects, including attitudes toward religion, parental influences, changing roles of women, educational aspirations, self-esteem, exposure to sex and drug education, and violence and crime; both in and out of school. Data used for this exercise are restricted to the 2006 12th Grade Survey, Core Data. Funding for MTF is provided by the United States department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Drug Abuse. The principal investigators are Lloyd D. Johnston, Jerald G. Bachman, Patrick M. O’Malley, and John E. Schulenberg of the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center. The MTF 12th Grade Survey is a school-based sample designed to represent high school seniors in the contiguous United States. In this exercise, data from the Core dataset (DS1) are used. This exercise will use the following variables: Alcohol use last 30 days (V106) Marijuana use last 30 days (V114) Sex (V150) Race (V151) Frequency of religious service attendance (V169) Importance of religion (V170) Work during school year (V191) College aspirations (V188) Application This exercise explores the characteristics of adolescent substance users using crosstabulation and bar charts. In this exercise we focus on two measures of substance use which indicate how often the respondent drank more than a few sips of alcohol in the past 30 days (V106), and how often they used marijuana in the past 30 days (V114). We recoded both variables so that 0=never used, and 1=used. The new variables are called “DRINKMONTH” and “MARJMONTH.” Demographic Characteristics First, consider substance use by respondent’s sex and race. Look at the crosstab of alcohol use (DRINKMONTH) by sex  (Links to an external site.)  (V150). Do males or females seem more likely to report alcohol use in the past 30 days? Also look at the crosstab of marijuana use (MARJMONTH) by sex  (Links to an external site.)  (V150). Is the relationship between sex and substance use similar for both alcohol and marijuana? Next, examine the relationship between alcohol use and race  (Links to an external site.)  (responses were “Black,” “White,” and “Hispanic”). Look at the bar chart. Which racial group reports the lowest alcohol use in the past 30 days? Consider the relationship between marijuana use and race  (Links to an external site.)  (V151). Again, look at the bar chart. Does marijuana use follow the same pattern as alcohol use among the racial groups? Religiosity Does substance use vary by religiosity? One important dimension of religiosity is frequency of religious attendance (V169). The question asked is “How often do you attend religious services?” The response options were: “never” (1); “rarely” (2); “1-2X/month” (3); and “1/week or more.” Look at the bar chart from the crosstab analysis of alcohol use by frequency of religious service attendance  (Links to an external site.)  (V169). Do those who frequently attend religious services report less alcohol use? Do you observe a similar pattern when you look at the bar chart of marijuana use and frequency of attending religious services  (Links to an external site.) ? Another measure of religiosity is the importance of religion in one’s life. Variable V170 contains respondents’ answers to the question, “How important is religion in your life?” The possible responses were: “not important” (1); “a little important” (2); “pretty important” (3); and “very important” (4). Look at the crosstab of alcohol use by importance of religion  (Links to an external site.)  and the crosstab of marijuana use by importance of religion  (Links to an external site.) . Comparing the results for these two analyses as well as the two analyses using frequency of attendance as the measure of religiosity, do religious attendance and religious importance seem to have similar relationships to substance use? Work Next, consider the relationship between adolescent employment and substance use. To simplify the analysis, we recoded the responses to the question about how many hours the respondent worked per week (V191), collapsing the responses into four categories: Zero hours (1); 10 or fewer (but more than zero) hours (2); 11-20 hours (3); more than 20 hours (4). The new variable is called “WORKHOURS.” Compare the crosstab of alcohol use by WORKHOURS  (Links to an external site.)  to the crosstab of marijuana use by WORKHOURS  (Links to an external site.) . Looking at the tables, does there seem to be a relationship between number of hours worked and substance use? Aspirations for the Future Finally, analyze the relationship between substance use and aspirations for the future. The dataset contains multiple measures of future aspirations. You will focus your analysis on aspirations for a 4-year college degree (v188) and aspirations for a military career (v181). For ease of analysis, we have recoded and relabeled these variables into dichotomous measures called “WANTDEGREE” and “WANTMIL,” coded as “1” if the respondent aspired to that career path and “0” if not. Consider the crosstab of alcohol use by WANTDEGREE  (Links to an external site.) . Does alcohol use vary by college aspirations? How big is the difference? What about marijuana use  (Links to an external site.) ? Are adolescents with college aspirations more or less likely to have used marijuana than those without college aspirations? Do you expect those with aspirations to join the military to be more, less, or equally likely to have consumed a drink in the past 30 days than those who do not aspire to join the military? Does the crosstab of alcohol use by WANTMIL  (Links to an external site.)  support your hypothesis? What about marijuana use? Do you feel that those with military aspirations are more, less, or equally likely to have used marijuana in the past 30 days than respondents who do not have military aspirations? Look at the crosstab of marijuana use by military aspirations  (Links to an external site.) . How do you interpret the difference? Questions to Respond To Demographic Characteristics Do males or females seem more likely to report alcohol use in the past 30 days? Is the relationship between sex and substance use similar for alcohol and marijuana? Which racial group reports the lowest alcohol use in the past 30 days? Does marijuana use follow the same pattern as alcohol use among the racial groups? Religiosity Do those who attend religious services more frequently tend to report less alcohol use? How does marijuana use relate to frequency of attending religious services? Do religious attendance and religious importance have similar relationships to substance use? Work/Aspirations for the Future Does there seem to be a relationship between number of hours worked and substance use? Does alcohol use vary by college aspirations? How big is the difference? Are adolescents with college aspirations more or less likely to use marijuana than those without college aspirations? Do you expect those with aspirations to join the military to be more, less, or equally likely to have consumed a drink in the past 30 days than those who do not aspire to join the military? Do you feel that those with military aspirations are more, less, or equally likely to have used marijuana in the past 30 days than respondents who do not have military aspirations? How do you interpret the difference?