Criminal Justice

Principles of policing help guide an agency in its mission. In many ways, we often think of these principles as the blueprints for how the agency ought to interact with the community. Your agency is working to draft a series of principles that will help guide its community-focused efforts.Prepare a handout that will be used as a resource for the selection of community focused efforts.Review each of the following principles:Germann’s PrinciplesFolley’s PrinciplesMore’s PrinciplesMayhall’s PrinciplesPick and choose from any of the lists of principles at least 5 principles that you believe represent community-focused values.Explain how each contributes to resilient, safer communities.The paper should be at a minimum of 2 pages (700 words) in length, not including the title and reference pages, and have no less than two (2) resources.If you are planning to repurpose an assignment or submit one you have used before, please let your instructor know. If an instructor is not made aware of work being repurposed or reused, he or she will treat the assignment as a plagiarized task and reserves the right to post an F grade and submit a task for review to administration until proof of originality is provided. View the full AIU Policies on submitting papers.

You are a trainer for a global security corporation. You create training for your security officers at the entry and in-service levels on types of crime, ranging from murder, to theft, to public trust crimes such as embezzlement and fraud. You have been tasked with creating a special training session on public trust laws that deal with the embezzlement of public funds, fraud of public funds, jury tampering, election fraud, and so forth. You have decided to research the topic and write a short 2-page paper to become knowledgeable on the topic.write in preparation of your comments should fall within the following:be sure to add an introduction and summary to the assignment.Discuss and address any laws pertaining to Jury tampering.

CJ-WP9The first national registry to identify sex offenders publicly appeared in the United States in 2005. Prior to this, individual states were maintaining their own sex offender registries, resulting in inconsistent levels of information among different states. Today, the Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Registry provides information on all registered sex offenders throughout the United States.Like other aspects of criminal justice policy, criminal justice professionals can critique the appropriateness and effectiveness of the national sex offender registry. They can reflect upon the emphasis placed on the national sex offender registry versus the lack of demand for other national registries.  Criminal justice professionals may also explore justification for putting extended sanctions on sex offenders after they have served their time as well as the potential dangers of placing children on sex offender registries.For this post, analyze the legal and ethical implications of sex offender registries. Research other countries’ use of national sex offender registries. Consider the use of domestic and international public registries as a crime control policy.Write a critique of the use of a national public sex offender registry as a crime control policy in the United States. Then, identify another country that employs a sex offender registry, and compare its requirements to the Dru Siodin National Sex Offender Registry. Finally, explain whether you believe the use of public registries is an effective crime control policy and why. Justify your response.

Learning About Povertyhttps://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty-guidelinesWhat does poverty look like, based on policy?1. Read the ASPE 2021 Poverty Guidelines2. Read the case two case studies at the end of this worksheet.a. Case 1: Sophie is a single woman. She is 35 years old, and although, previously married,she has no children, and limited education. She dropped out of community college withonly about a semester of credits. She didn’t work while married, and has only been inthe labor force for the past three years. She has no savings, no significant supportsystem, and is trying to get out of shelter accommodations from a homeless shelter.Sophie has recently (last month) started a steady job at a fast food restaurant. She isworking the day shift, and making minimum wage. She gets scheduled for 30 hours eachweek. Sophie wants to get an apartment and support herself, but isn’t sure that she canafford to do so. Currently she lives near the restaurant and walks to work, but if she getsan apartment she would have to find transportation. Sophie hasn’t gone to a Dr in years,and has health issues that need to be addressed.b. Case 2: Jack and John have threechildren ages 1-5 years old. Jack works as an accountmanager for a local business, and has a salary of $45,000/year. They rent a house in asuburban area for $2200/month plus utilities, butnever seem to be able to make endsmeet. Jack has a bachelor’s degree and pays $500/month in student loan repayments.Jack is at the top of his pay scale in his company. John is a stay at home parent, and oneof the children has special needs. They have one car that Jack takes to work every dayand have a car payment of $400/month.3. Pick a case and develop a required spendinglist. Identify what the individual/family needs tospend money on, on a monthly basis.4. Search the internet to find out how much each of the required things that you indicated thefamily/individual needs cost each month in Buffalo, NY. (You can estimate groceries based onyour own grocery spending).5. Identify what the poverty guideline is for each individual/family.Determine what the differenceis between “poverty” and the income of the individual/family.6. How are each doing? What does life look like for them? Are they living in poverty?7. Read part 2 of each case.a. Sophie finds an apartment in Amherst. The shelter recommends that she not take itbecause it requires more than 50% of her income. She ignores this and moves to the apartment. It takes 90 minutes to get to work using the bus now, and Sophie becamefrequently late to work and her hours have been reduced to 20/week.b. Jack came down with what they thought was a cold, but ended up hospitalized withpneumonia. He didn’t have enough sick leave and his company doesn’t fall under theguidelines to require paid family leave. Jack took leave without pay for a month, but wasthen let go from his position when he could not return to work.8. What happens now?9. Search for support services in Buffalo, NY that might be able to help in this situation. Identifyone that you would want them to connect with, and explain how they may be able to help.Poverty and Public Policy SWK 301 Spring 202110. Summarize what you think the individual/family should do?a. Do you think it is possible for your idea to work/fix things?b. What do you think would have to change in order for your idea to work?11. Go to playspent.org and walk through a poverty simulation.a. What choices did you make?b. What did you start out with at the beginning of the month?c. What did you end up with at the end of the month?d. Did you do enough?e. What did you miss out on?f. What wasn’t included that you would likely have paid for or wanted?12. Based on the case study and your experience with the poverty simulation, what is therelationship between minimum wage and poverty?You will submit a 2-3 page paper responding to the questions from this worksheet. Please organize yourpaper in a bulleted format, much like the list of requirements above.We are using the APA 7th edition for formatting. Include a cover page with your name on it.This is worth 10 points.General grading guidelines:To receive 10 points: Thoughtfully reflect on each of the requirements. Use complete sentences whenexplaining your thoughts/positions. Give details that show that you are critically thinking about theprocess of poverty in Buffalo, NY.To receive 5 points: Use short answers and incomplete sentences. Be vague in your responses. Skipsegments. Poor grammar and spelling.To receive 0 points: Miss turning in a completed assignment by the due date.*Please note, that grades will be awarded from 0-10 points, and can be any point value in between. Themore effort you put in, the higher your grade will likely be.

You are a newly hired FBI agent working in the Organized Crime Unit.demonstrate understanding of organized crime and be sure to explain and discuss the RICO Act, including the nature of what this Act covers, what types of incidences are involved in organized crime, and what prosecutions have happened under the RICO Act.Provide a justification for keeping the Organized Crime Unit in place.

Part 1. What is the connection between sociology and climate change?“Climate change is reasonably seen as one of the greatest global challenges for the 21st century. Changing climates will affect all humans in some fashion, and understanding the processes and consequences of climate change is, to my mind, the starting point for considering how we are going to respond to what will certainly be a different world in years to come.” -TR KidderAccording to environmental sociologists and a range of scientists across multiple disciplines, climate change is a long-term shift in climate patterns, on either a global or a regional level. Components of climate change include global warming, extreme and unpredictable weather conditions, and rising sea levels. The cause of climate change is largely human activity.  According to Julia Navárez (provided, not assigned; the quotes below are two separate excerpts) the city holds an interesting, even paradoxical place in broader issues of climate change:”…the role of the city is a paradox because the city becomes the root of that problem — the problem of industrialization, the problem of pollution, the problem of carbon footprint — but it’s also the solution because most progressive initiatives about climate happen in cities.In this Module, we draw from Navárez’s view of climate change and extreme weather conditions to first look at the realities of climate change and then how our cities are addressing those changes. We also draw from Norgaard (2008), who asserts that sociology isn’t attending to climate change as fully as it needs to. After reading this article, read more about both the causes of global warming and cities unique place within climate change – as both a leading cause of and a significant source of solutions to climate change:Norgaard (2018)-The Sociological Imagination in a Time of Climate Change (ERT 25:00)Why I like this article: it tells us that we need a sociological perspective to address climate change. The author also calls out sociology/sociologists and says that the field isn’t doing enough to address climate change. Norgaard states:Despite rising calls for social science knowledge in the face of climate change, too few sociologists have been engaged in the conversations about how we have arrived at such perilous climatic circumstances, or how society can change course. With its attention to the interactive dimensions of social order between individuals, social norms, cultural systems and political economy, the discipline of sociology is uniquely positioned to be an important leader in this conversation.Causes of Global Warming, Explained (ERT 10:00)Be sure to watch both videos, read the article, and check out the slideshow.Ending Climate Change Begins in the City (ERT 8:00)This is an infographic you will need to scroll down to see in its entirety.Cities as Solutions to Climate Change (ERT 7:00)Part 2. What is the relationship between cities and climate change?Cities significantly impact climate change: 2% of the earth’s surface are urban areas and these cities produce 71-76% of the world’s carbon dioxide. According to UN Habitat:”At the same time, cities and towns are heavily vulnerable to climate change. Hundreds of millions of people in urban areas across the world will be affected by rising sea levels, increased precipitation, inland floods, more frequent and stronger cyclones and storms, and periods of more extreme heat and cold. In fact, many major coastal cities with populations of more than 10 million people are already under threat as over 90% of urban areas are coastal. Climate change may also negatively impact infrastructure and worsen access to basic urban services and quality of life in cities. In addition, most of the vital economic and social infrastructure, government facilities, and assets are located in cities. The most affected populations are the urban poor…[who] tend to live along river banks, on hillsides and slopes prone to landslides, near polluted grounds, on decertified land, in unstable structures vulnerable to earthquakes, and along waterfronts in coastal areas. The urban poor is indeed increasingly vulnerable: more than 1 billion people live [worldwide] in slums and informal settlements and are highly vulnerable to climate change.”According to Climate Justice and the Right to the City (provided, not assigned; the quotes below are two separate excerpts) these numbers will only get worse:By 2050, the World Bank (2016) estimates that 1.9 billion city-dwellers will live in water-stressed cities, characterized by seasonal water shortages, up from 500 million in 2000.Most human beings now live in cities. The proportion will grow for decades. Since cities are where most people live, it is in cities where the impacts of climate change will hit hardest. In the long term, relentless sea level rise, increased extreme heat days, and stronger storms will pose enormous challenges to many coastal cities. Indeed, besides the singular threat of increasing heat, climate-linked weather extremes will mainly be experienced in terms of water: too much, in the case of storms and floods and sea level rise, and too little in the case of localized drought crises and exacerbated long-term water.Part 3. What are the impacts of climate change in our cities of focus?Photo of New Orleans flooded Photo of city in thick fog Photo of city near standing waterIn the Part 3, pay attention to the scope of climate change, the experiences/perspectives of city residents, and possible solutions. This is information you’ll need for Journal 3. If you haven’t reviewed the requirements for Journal 3 (assigned in Module 9), I would do that now and then return to this section. We begin this section with research into climate change and all three cities (New Orleans, New York, Detroit).Watch How the Climate Could Change in These US Cities by 2050. At the bottom of the article is this searchable map:America is warming fast. See how your city’s weather will be different by 2050. Check out any city you want, and definitely check out our three cities. Pay attention to what you find there.Urban Adaptation Assessment: Watch the 3 minute video on the right of the screen. Then scroll down to GET STARTED. From there, check out our three cities. Spend some quality time on this website. Look at both the city profile and the sub city map. Use these maps to really get a sense of climate change in a variety of dimensions, since climate change and its effects is far more than just an increase in temperatures. Keep a record of what you find.Scope: Spotlight on New YorkThe Devastating Effects of Climate Change on New York, Visualized (ERT 5:00) Read the article and watch the video. Pay attention to the notion of 2 degrees Celsius.How Climate Change Would Impact NYC (ERT 10:00)Read the article and watch the video. The Paris Agreement mentioned in the article was the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference. This agreement was designed to keep the planet from warming by more than 1.5 degrees Celsius (above preindustrial levels). The Obama administration entered into the Agreement; the Trump administration withdrew the US from the agreement.Scope: Spotlight on New OrleansLearning to Live with Water (15:00)Climate change and environmental racism (our focus next module) go hand in hand. What happened in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina (and continues to this day) is a profound example of how environmental racism plays out in the lives of residents of color.Louisiana Disappearing: Living On the Brink of Climate Change (5:00)Photo Essay: A Sinking Louisiana Builds Climate Resilience (10:00) – Listen to the audio clips embedded in the photos and read the article; the video is not assigned.Part 4. What are some solutions?Detroit’s Urban Farming Revolution (25:00)Pay attention to dominant stories about Detroit, the history of the auto-industry + its impact on city planning, the impact of urban farming, and the people making this happen.Climate Change Web Series (15:00)Spend 15 minutes on this website — you get to pick which video (or part of a video) that most interests you.Congrats! You have finished reviewing the Module 7 Blog content.*****************************To complete your learning for Module 7, create a blog post that addresses the following:1. What worries or concerns you about what you learned in Module 7? Include at least 5 numbered facts in your answer.2. What gives you hope? To answer this question, be sure to draw specifically from Part 4 with concrete details.

CJ-WP10Without research, responses to crime would be based on opinions, emotions, and other factors that do not contribute to a reduction in the crime rate. Now that you have reviewed research on a wide range of topics as well as drafted a policy recommendation based on in-depth research about a topic, you may have greater insight on the challenges facing researchers and the role of research in the development of criminal justice policy at large. You may also have a better idea of how such research may play a role in your own career.For this post, reflect upon the role of research in helping to develop effective criminal justice policies.To the extent to which you believe evidence-based research informs the development of effective criminal justice policy and why. Support your response with an example from the literature. Next, explain whether evidence-based research will inform your future role as a criminal justice professional and why.

Speedy TrialCompetencies Addressed in This AssignmentCompetency 3: Explain the substantive and procedural interpretations of individual freedoms based on case analysis.Competency 5: Communicate effectively in writing.Assignment DescriptionThe right to a speedy trial is a right protected under the Sixth Amendment. Often, that right is waived by the defendant to enable the attorney to fully prepare for the trial. However, there are instances where speedy trial is not waived, and the case is not brought within court-interpreted parameters. Let’s explore this facet of the Sixth Amendment.You are the district attorney in the State v. Buckner case. You have a press conference scheduled after the announcement of the state supreme court’s decision in the case. Read the information on the case linked in the Resources.Construct a statement explaining the decision to the public that balances respect for the court with the concerns of the victim’s family.Be sure to review the Speedy Trial Scoring Guide to ensure that you understand the criteria for this assignment.Use the links provided in the Resources to help you complete the assignment.http://cases.justia.com/georgia/supreme-court/s12a1981.pdf?ts=1396119920

Single page write up on your thoughts on the “citizen perception of aggressive traffic enforcement” and the “influence of traffic enforcement attitudes and behaviors of drivers”. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C26&q=traffic+enforcement&oq=traffic+enf#d=gs_gabs&u=%23p%3D0ZR-VSk9zWEJ

Right to CounselCompetencies Addressed in This DiscussionCompetency 3: Explain the substantive and procedural interpretations of individual freedoms based on case analysis.Competency 4: Document philosophical underpinnings and public policy influences associated with the U.S. Supreme Court decisions.Competency 5: Communicate effectively in writing.IntroductionThe right to counsel exists under the Sixth Amendment. The way in which that right applies to indigent defendants has been the subject of extensive litigation. Roots of the modern right to counsel for indigent defendants date back more than a century. Understanding line-drawing is very important. The line-drawing has evolved over time. A key starting point in determining when the right attaches is understanding what constitutes a critical stage. From there, an indigency determination must be made by the court within Sixth Amendment parameters.In your main response, address the following:Summarize how the right to counsel has evolved at the state and federal levels through court interpretation of the Sixth Amendment.Explain the implications of failing to comply with the Sixth Amendment during a critical stage of the case process.Illustrate how philosophical underpinnings and public policy influenced the U.S. Supreme Court in key Sixth Amendment right-to-counsel decisions.