Biology

Work the following problems. Be sure to include the genotypes of the parents, the worked Punnett square, genotypic fractions and ratios, and phenotypic fractions and ratios. 1. G = green seeds g = yellow seeds Cross a plant that is heterozygous for green seeds with a plant that is homozygous for yellow seeds. Name: ____________________________ Section: _____________ 2. H = Stripes h = Patches B = Black b = Orange Cross an orange cat that is heterozygous for stripes with a heterozygous black cat that has patches. Print off and complete the Punnett square homework (Ch12 Punnett Square HW), then answer the following questions. Note: fractions with a numerator of “0” have a denominator equal to the number of boxes in the Punnett square. Monohybrid Punnett Square: 1) The genotype of the first parent is  and the genotype of the second parent is  . 2) The possible genotypes are  (list all 3, separated by colons), the genotypic ratios are  (separated by colons), and the genotypic fractions are  (separated by colons and in simplest form). 3) The possible phenotypes are  and  , the phenotypic ratios are  (separated by colons), and the phenotypic fractions are  (separated by colons and in simplest form). Dihybrid Punnett Square 4) The genotype of the first parent is  and the genotype of the second parent is  . 5) The possible genotypes are  (list all 9, separated by colons), the genotypic ratios are  (separated by colons), and the genotypic fractions are  (separated by colons and in simplest form). 6) The possible phenotypes are  ,  ,  , and  , the phenotypic ratios are  (separated by colons), and the phenotypic fractions are  (separated by colons and in simplest form). The phenotype associated with a(n)  allele is ONLY seen if the individual does NOT have a(n)  allele. Print off and complete the pedigree homework (Ch12 Pedigree HW), then answer the following questions. Pedigree #1: 1) This trait follows a  inheritance pattern because individuals  and  in generation  are  and individual  in generation  is  . 2) Individual 3 in generation IV has  % chance of inheriting this trait. Pedigree #2: 3) This trait follows a  inheritance pattern because individuals  and  in generation  are  and individual  in generation  is  . 4) Individual 12 in generation II has  % chance of inheriting this trait. Genetics Pedigree Homework 1) Fill in the genotypes for as many people in the pedigree as you can. (You may pick any letter to represent this trait.) 2) What pattern of inheritance does this trait f ollow (dominant, recessive, sex – linked )? How do you know? 3) What are the chances that person 3 in generation IV will get the trait?

The research report must be on Enterobacter Aerogenes  Your research paper should include the following topics: (5 pts) General characteristics of the organism. Describe basic characteristics of your organism. For example, characteristics may include types of metabolism, classification, ecological roles, and results of biochemical tests and staining. (5 pts) Relation to human health. Discuss how your organism is pathogenic or beneficial to humans. (5 pts) Your choice. Every organism is unique! Provide some interesting facts or details you find fascinating about your organism. Some ideas are historical information, disease outbreaks, useful applications, or personal encounters with the organism. Have fun here! 2 pts: Three references from reliable sources, not including your textbook. References are referred to in the body of your writing. See below for more information about good references and how to cite them in a scientific paper. 2 pt: Writing mechanics – this includes good sentence structure, spelling, and organization of your ideas. 1 pt: appropriate formatting when using the scientific name of an organism. References: Your source of information can include reference books, journal articles, most internet resources, but not popular magazine articles or projects published by other students. You should have a minimum of three sources. Format of Biblography and Citations Sources must be listed in a bibliography at the end of the paper. Scientific writing does not typically use MLA or APA styles. Footnotes are not used in scientific writing. See below for examples of how sources should be formatted in your listed bibliography. In addition, when you use information in a sentence or paragraph, you must cite the source in the body of the paper, usually at the end of a sentence or paragraph.  Scientific sources typically use two formats for citations within the body of your writing (in-text). The first is the “Name-Year” or “Citation-Name” method, where sources are listed alphabetically in the bibliography according to the author’s last name.  Within the paper, the author’s last name is enclosed in parentheses at the end of a sentence, but before the period as (Lim and Tan, 2003).    The second style is the “Citation-Sequence” format, where sources are numbered and listed in the bibliography in the order in which information is used in the report. After the sentence with information from the source, the number of the citation is enclosed in parentheses before the period, like (1).  The first reference in the bibliography would correspond to (1). If you cite the same source multiple times in the paper, use the same number.   For more information and examples on citation formats, go to the Cabrillo College Library website at  http://cabrillo.libguides.com/content.php?pid=315584 or to http://www.libraries.psu.edu/psul/lls/students/cse_citation.html. Be cautious when using the Internet. The extension associated with the URL indicates the type of website you are accessing:  “.com” indicates a commercial website “.gov” indicates a government website “.edu” indicates an education institution, like a university or college “.org” indicates a not-for profit organization. These websites may belong to advocacy groups with a particular bias. Examples of web references: Whitman, D. B. Rev. 2000 April. Genetically modified foods: harmful or helpful? Genetically Modified Foods, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts http://www/csa.com/hottopics/gmfood/overview.html (with date you accessed the website) Webber, G. D. 1996 July 22 (last rev.) Regulation of genetically engineered organisms and products. Biotechnology Information Series, North Central Regional Extension, Iowa State University, http://www.nal.usda.gov/bic/Education_res/iastate.info/bio11.html (with date you accessed the website) Sullivan, S. 2000. Is Genetically Modified Food Safe? http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~sullivs2.gm.htm (with date you accessed the website) If a website has no specific author, list the reference by the website sponsor (ex. National Institutes of Health, or Mayo Clinic) The paper is to be written in your own words. Direct quotes are not used in science writing, so you must paraphrase. Do not copy writing directly from the source. This is plagiarism and the entire unknown report will be rejected if this is done. Instead, summarize the ideas in your own words and include the reference (see #3 for how to format references). The report must be typed with margins no greater than one inch, spacing no greater than double, and font size no greater than 12. Do not take up valuable space with the title of the report – all that is necessary at the top of the page is your name, the name of organism and the number of your unknown – nothing else. Also figures or pictures that you might include in your report do not count as part of the one page minimum.  It is expected that you will use a Spell-Checker and correct English grammar. You will upload all three parts of the project to Canvas. The best document format to use is PDF. Document formats that CANNOT be read in Canvas include Google Docs and Pages.

1. Explain alternation of generations in the plant life cycle. Compare the similarities and differences in the life cycle of a plant with an animal. You must use at least these terms appropriately in your essay: sporophyte, mitosis, zygote, egg, embryo, spore, gamete, diploid, 2n, n, meiosis, sperm, haploid. 2. Explain the differences between sexual and asexual (all the different types) reproduction in animals, plants, fungi and bacteria. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of sexual versus asexual reproduction. You must use at least these terms appropriately in your essay: Gametes, chromosomes, independent assortment, crossing over, meiosis, mitosis, parthenogenesis, fragmentation, cuttings, hermaphrodites, self-fertilization, clone, variability, evolution, natural selection, environment.

The personal project consists of two parts.  First,  write a short story, that would serve as a “modern sequel” to the story called ” Love in a Fallen City”. I will provide the PDF story of it in the file section. Following that, you will submit a brief written report  (3 pages).  In this report, you are expected to address the following questions:   •             What kinds of concerns do you share with the particular writer/ artist you choose? •             Besides similarities, what are some key differences? •             Are these differences created by cultural, economic, or political factors that are completely new to the artist? •             What kinds of representational strategies did you use to articulate/ address your concerns? •             Why do you consider these strategies the most appropriate means of expression?  •             What kinds of difficulty / dilemma/ constraint did you face in the creative process? •             In what way did the creative process allow you to interpret the primary text differently? •             Can these differences illuminate your understanding of the primary text, and perhaps today’s America?  If so, in what ways? Elaborate.

Human Development Presentation create an educational PowerPoint presentation as if you were presenting to your classmates on the topic listed below: Fertilization Process Your PowerPoint presentation should be a minimum of 10 slides (not including the introduction and conclusion slides), contain appropriate images, provide what you would say/present in the Notes section of each slide, and have proper APA format (reference slide).

Thoroughly explain how your body gets oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. Make sure to discuss the respiratory and cardiovascular system in great detail, including the flow of blood in the heart and the rest of the body as well as the diffusion of the gases into and out of the lung and body cells. You must use at least these terms appropriately in your essay: Diffusion, concentration, capillaries, venules, arteries, aorta, pulmonary artery, veins, arterioles, pulmonary vein, superior and inferior vena cava, one way valves, atrioventricular valves,

Non-native, alien, exotic, weedy, and invasive are all terms to describe plants or animals that are introduced into an ecosystem where they are not usually found. So what’s the problem with invasive species? Let’s look at a few examples. Invasive species currently impact half the species listed as Threatened or Endangered in the U.S. One study estimates the total cost of invasive species damage in the U.S. to be over $100 billion each year (Pimentel, Zuniga & Morrison, 2005). In the Great Lakes region of the United States, invasive species that come from ballast water for ocean vessels are estimated to cost $138 million a year in damage (Rothlisberger, Finnoff, Cooke & Lodge, 2012). In the southeast, a vine called kudzu grows voraciously over everything choking out other plants, wildlife habitat, forestry plots, and even taking out powerlines at the tune of over $500 million (Bettcher, n.d.). The list of examples and impacts goes on. This week, we will explore the top global invasive species in your area, the damage they cause and what we can do to stop them. You can either use a search engine to find invasive species in your area (search for your state and invasive species) or you can visit: https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/resources/lists.shtml Find an invasive species in your area or somewhere you have been – a plant, animal, insect, fungus. Include the name of the species in the title of your post – before posting, make sure to check the list so that you do not choose the same species as your classmates! Identify your geographic location and research your chosen species Answer these questions: What is the common and scientific name (properly formatted)? Where did it originate? How did it get to your chosen location (speculate if you don’t know)? What characteristics of the species makes it successful? What are the affected native species (any plants, animals, etc.)? What efforts are underway to prevent the spread of the species? What is one thing you learned from this research? For more information: Wildlife Guide: https://www.nwf.org/educational-resources/wildlife-guide/ Feral/Wild Pigs: https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb5313597.pdf Invasive Species: https://www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Threats-to-Wildlife/Invasive-Species Resources: Bettcher, M. (n.d.). The growing problem of kudzu: An exploration of issues and solutions. Retrieved from http://kudzusolutions.web.unc.edu/issues/ Pimental, D., Zuniga, R. & Morrison, D. (2005). Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien invasive species in the United States. Ecological Economics. 52(3): 273-288. Rothlisberger, J.D., Finnoff, D.C., Cooke, R.M. & Lodge, D.M. (2012). Ship-borne nonindigenous species diminish Great Lakes ecosystem services. Ecosystems. 15(3): 462.

What happens during each stage of a cell cycle? Name one thing that could wrong during one of the phases and describe the consequences. This is the discussion question  Anatomy and Physiology  Amerman, E. C. (2019) Human anatomy & physiology (2nd ed.). Pearson. ISBN 9780134553511

Please write a 4 page paper on gene editing technology and biotechnology applications. Some examples of topics include: GMO, Cloning, Evolution, Gene therapy, Behavioral biology or simple biology life history. If you want to write about your favorite animal go right ahead. Papers should be 12 point font, double spaced with 1 inch margins and should include 5 citations in APA format. All citations should be in proper format with at least 3 from research journals you can have 2 from other sources.

First, LOOK CAREFULLY through the Industrial microbiology readings for things that can be produced from industrial microbiology. Second, go on a scavenger hunt around your house for things that might have been produced by industrial microbiology. Really look at ingredients and chemicals around the house. Does your phone, computer, or other things around you have copper in them? Do your household cleaners or hand sanitizer contain alcohols produced by microbial metabolism? If so, add that to your list. Submit your list here by clicking “Add submission”.