Accounting

Discuss the interrelationship of the cash flow statement to the other financial statements. In your discussion comment and explain operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities. What is the difference between an indirect and a direct cash flow statement? Which is GAAP? Respond to Another Student: Respond to 2 of your fellow classmates with a reply of at least 100 words about his or her primary task response regarding items you found to be compelling and enlightening. To help you with your discussion, please consider the following questions: What did you learn from your classmate’s posting? What additional questions do you have after reading the posting? What clarification do you need regarding the posting? What differences or similarities do you see between your posting and other classmates’ postings?

2) describe the various types of audits. 8) do taxpayers face only monetary fines or can they be sentenced to jail? 18) beta company, the sole proprietorship, anticipates $800,000 of taxable income for the year before considering additional projects. What marginal tax rate should I use in evaluating a project that may generate $200,000 of additional income? 22) what is the difference between primary authority and secondary authority? 24) what is a tax service? 28) In the citation REG. 1.247-3, what do the one and the 247 indicate? 38) Adam play else’s tax return on April 15 and his tax return shows that he owes $3000. Due to some bad planning, Adam could not pay his taxes and filing his tax return. Adam finally made his payment in full on July 10. What is the late payment penalty that Adam will be assessed? 44) Cynthia and Howard, married taxpayers filing a joint return, have $100,000 in taxable income in 2019. They have four children ages 4 through 12 who have no income that is taxable. If they can legally shift $2000 in taxable income to each child, how much does the family save in taxes.

Module 4 – Case Assignment The case assignment will be in the form of the following: (1) Formal Paper – One page addressing the questions within the prompt There is no title page, no table of contents. Although APA style is not graded, it is recommended. This assignment is due no later than Sunday at 11:59 pm (PST). All sources should be properly cited in the body of your paper and listed in a references page at the end of your paper. (2) Excel File (Embedded within Word Document) – Illustrating your response to the below prompt. (A) Formal Paper – The Accounting Cycle In your paper, discuss the various steps of the Accounting Cycle. Provide good descriptions in each step, and provide examples when warranted. Please include a references section for any used outside sources. Please go to the presenation tab and in Module 4 of that tab you will find a Word Template entitled – “Module 4 – Case Assignment – Paper and Excel File Template”. Please note the following: (1) Please use this Word document to type your one page paper.    (2) You will notice that there is an embedded excel table within the document. Please use the excel file within the document to answer Part (2) of your Case Assignment (noted below). (B) Excel File Prompt – Adjusting Entries In the Excel File embedded within the Word Document, you will find the Marina Corp. Trial Balance as of December 31, 2012. Below you will find important information as it pertains to the preparation of the adjusting entries needed to both properly match revenues and expenses for the period and reflect the proper balances in the real and nominal accounts. You are the staff accountant for Marina Corp, and your task is to enter the treatment of each adjustment within the “Adjustents” column, along with providing the final balances for the “Income Statement” and “Balance Sheet” within the Trial Balance. In addition, you must journalize these adjustments within the General Ledger. The treatment of transaction (a) has been answered. Please follow the same formatting as what it noted within the spreadsheet. There are two tabs within the Excel File: (1) Worksheet, (2) Adjusting Entries. Below are the transactions you are responsible for adjusting: a) Winsor determined that one percent of sales will become uncollectible. b) Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method, with an eight-year life and $1,000 salvage value. c) Salesmen are paid commissions of 10% of sales. Commissions on sales for the last week of December have not been paid. d) The note was issued on October 1, bearing interest at 8%, due Feb. 1, 2013. e) A physical inventory of supplies indicated $340 of supplies currently in stock. f) Provisions of a lease contract specify payments must be made one month in advance, with monthly payments at $800/mo. This provision has been complied with as of Dec. 31, 2012. Note – Your Excel File is to be completed within the Word Document. Submission – You will be submitting one word document (template provided). This document is to contain the following: (1)  Your one page written prompt (2)  Your Completed Excel Prompt Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1.Define each of the following terms:  Signaling hypothesis; clientele effect 2.How did the bird-in-the-hand theory get its name?

Module 4 – Case Assignment The case assignment will be in the form of the following: (1) Formal Paper – One page addressing the questions within the prompt There is no title page, no table of contents. Although APA style is not graded, it is recommended. This assignment is due no later than Sunday at 11:59 pm (PST). All sources should be properly cited in the body of your paper and listed in a references page at the end of your paper. (2) Excel File (Embedded within Word Document) – Illustrating your response to the below prompt. (A) Formal Paper – The Accounting Cycle In your paper, discuss the various steps of the Accounting Cycle. Provide good descriptions in each step, and provide examples when warranted. Please include a references section for any used outside sources. Please go to the presenation tab and in Module 4 of that tab you will find a Word Template entitled – “Module 4 – Case Assignment – Paper and Excel File Template”. Please note the following: (1) Please use this Word document to type your one page paper.    (2) You will notice that there is an embedded excel table within the document. Please use the excel file within the document to answer Part (2) of your Case Assignment (noted below). (B) Excel File Prompt – Adjusting Entries In the Excel File embedded within the Word Document, you will find the Marina Corp. Trial Balance as of December 31, 2012. Below you will find important information as it pertains to the preparation of the adjusting entries needed to both properly match revenues and expenses for the period and reflect the proper balances in the real and nominal accounts. You are the staff accountant for Marina Corp, and your task is to enter the treatment of each adjustment within the “Adjustents” column, along with providing the final balances for the “Income Statement” and “Balance Sheet” within the Trial Balance. In addition, you must journalize these adjustments within the General Ledger. The treatment of transaction (a) has been answered. Please follow the same formatting as what it noted within the spreadsheet. There are two tabs within the Excel File: (1) Worksheet, (2) Adjusting Entries. Below are the transactions you are responsible for adjusting: a) Winsor determined that one percent of sales will become uncollectible. b) Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method, with an eight-year life and $1,000 salvage value. c) Salesmen are paid commissions of 10% of sales. Commissions on sales for the last week of December have not been paid. d) The note was issued on October 1, bearing interest at 8%, due Feb. 1, 2013. e) A physical inventory of supplies indicated $340 of supplies currently in stock. f) Provisions of a lease contract specify payments must be made one month in advance, with monthly payments at $800/mo. This provision has been complied with as of Dec. 31, 2012. Note – Your Excel File is to be completed within the Word Document. Submission – You will be submitting one word document (template provided). This document is to contain the following: (1)  Your one page written prompt (2)  Your Completed Excel Prompt Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Module 8 – Signature Assignment Welcome to the final module of the course! The signature assignment will be in the form of the following: (1) Excel File – For your signature assignment, we will be targeting the Statement of Cash Flows. The preparation of this statement is extremely important as it provides additional resources to management for planning and comprehension of the current period activity. You will be provided an Excel Template which you will use to answer the prompt. (A) Excel File Prompt – Statement of Cash Flows Your goal is to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows within the problem noted below. In the Excel Template provided, you will find the Balance Sheet of Marina Comp for December 31, 2013. In addition to the information on the Balance Sheet, we are presented with the following additional data related to current year operations: Net income for the year 2013, $66,000. Depreciation on plant assets for the year, $12,700. Sold the long-term investments for $28,000 (assume gain or loss is ordinary). Paid dividends of $25,000. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Purchased machinery costing $21,500, paid cash. Purchased machinery and gave a $60,000 long-term note payable. Paid a $40,000 long-term note payable by issuing common stock. Using tab 2 in the Excel Template – (2) Cash Flows Statement – prepare a statement of cash flows (using the indirect method) for 2013 for Marina Company. There are a few answers inputted into the Statement to help get you started on the preparation.

Machine leraning model using python scikit-learn library, create confusion matrix and calculate the accuracy.

Locate five (5) articles from scholarly peer-reviewed accounting journals that address recent or upcoming changes in forensic accounting standards and practices applicable to practicing accountants. No article can be more than three (3) years old. In selecting articles, try to find sources that are relevant to the areas of accounting you are most interested in. Analyze and critique each of these articles with an eye toward the advantages and disadvantages of the upcoming changes.   With your research results, use PowerPoint to create a detailed lecture for a group of forensic accountants who have recently received their CFE license. Incorporate appropriate animations, transitions, and graphics as well as “speaker notes” for each slide. The speaker notes may be comprised of brief paragraphs or bulleted lists. Support your presentation with at least five (5) scholarly resources. In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources may be included.   Length:  12 slides (with a separate title and reference slide)  Note Length:  100 -150 words for each slide Be sure to include citations for quotations and paraphrases with references in APA format and style where appropriate.

All of the following prompts will require the use of the attached “Financial Statements” and “Background Information” documents along with additional external research in order to perform high-level analysis as needed to reach conclusions regarding the current-year audit of the company.  A.  Develop an internal report (suggested length of 2–5 pages) addressed to the senior partner that discusses any potential legal or ethical issues regarding the PGM engagement by doing the following: 1.  Identify three potential legal issues or conflicts associated with FRA’s ability to audit PGM. a.  Discuss the rules in place that address these legal issues or conflicts. 2.  Identify three potential legal issues or conflicts associated with FRA’s ability to audit PGM’s 401(k) plan. a.  Discuss the rules in place that address these legal issues or conflicts. 3.  Identify the three potential ethical issues or conflicts associated with FRA’s ability to audit PGM. a.  Discuss the rules in place that address these ethical issues or conflicts. 4.  Identify the three potential ethical issues or conflicts associated with FRA’s ability to audit PGM’s 401(k) plan. a.  Discuss the rules in place that address these ethical issues or conflicts. 5.  Identify two potential fraud risks within PGM or with PGM’s 401(k) plan.   B.  Acknowledge sources, using in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.   Note: Specific citation of accounting rules is not required.

According to your textbook, auditors have to make judgments concerning materiality on every audit. Since the auditing standards give no formal guidance for how to determine materiality, auditors must rely on their own experience. Determine at least three qualitative factors that affect the auditor’s judgment. Provide a rationale for your response. According to the textbook, auditors rely on the audit risk formula to determine the types and amount of audit evidence to collect in order to keep the overall audit risk of engagements to a minimum or below defined tolerable limits. Suggest an alternative to the audit risk equation in order to mitigate audit risk. Support your rationale with examples of the successful use of the alternative strategy.