Umm Kulthum

Watch the video, Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwk0lDjUQFw&feature=youtu.be,   and answer each question below in complete sentences. According to the personal testimonies at the beginning of the film, how do Egyptians remember Umm Kulthum, twenty years after her death?On which topic did Umm Kulthum’s early education focus? How did this benefit her as a singer? (Note: the holy book of Islam is the Koran or Qur’an.)How did Umm Kulthum first begin to sign publically?Why did Umm Kulthum’s father dress her in boys’ clothing? Why did he continue to allow her to perform?Which country colonized Egypt? How did Umm Kulthum’s music support the Egyptian independence movement?How did the role of women change after the Egyptian revolution of 1919?How did Umm Kulthum’s public persona compare to that of other female artists at the time?Who was Ahmed Rami? What did he do for Umm Kulthum?Umm Kulthum built her career on which three technologies that were new to Egypt?What is the melodic contour of Umm Kulthum’s songs? (Ascending, descending, or arching?)Why did early Egyptian cinema feature singers?Who was MohammedAbd el-Wahhab? Why was he Umm Kulthum’s biggest rival?How did Umm Kulthuum insist musicians in her orchestra learn to play her music?What is tarab? What is the English translation, according to the film?How would Umm Kulthum musically create a sense of tarab for her listeners?In concert footage of Kulthum’s performances, how do her audiences react to tarab?Why did Umm Kulthum carefully guard her privacy?How did Kulthum support Egyptian revolutionary activities in the 1930s?How did the Egyptian revolution of the late 1950s threaten Umm Kulthum’s career?How did political leader Gamal Abdel Nasser support Kultum?Why was Umm Kulthum’s collaboration with her formal rival, MohammedAbd el-Wahhab, a significant event?Describe the ensemble supporting Umm Kulthum’s performance of el-Wahhab’s composition, “Enta Omri.” Which instruments do you see and hear in these examples? (Describe the size of the ensemble and the types of instruments using vocabulary such as chordophones, membranophones, etc.)Why did it take Umm Kulthum nearly two hours to perform “Enta Omri?”According to interviews in the documentary, why do songs such as “Enta Omri” hold such significance with their listeners?How did Kulthum “mobilize the Arab world” after Egypt’s defeat in the Six-Day War?